We kindly inform you that, as long as the subject affiliation of our 300.000+ articles is in progress, you might get unsufficient or no results on your third level or second level search. In this case, please broaden your search criteria.

Download

Language and identity: Hausa language of youth generation in Northern Nigeria

Author(s): Isa Yusuf Chamo / Language(s): English Issue: 45/2011

Wannan makala ta yi nazari a kan karin harshen matasa a Arewacin Nijeriya tare da bayanin matakai da hanyoyin da suke bi wajen kirkirar sababbin kalmomi. Sa’an nan makalar ta nuna yadda hakan ya samar wa da matasan wani rukuni na musamman da ba su damar gudar da ma’amala da harshe ba tare da wani ya gane abin da suke nufi ba sai ’yan wannan rukuni da kuma wadanda suke ma’amala da su. Haka kuma an kawo misalan yadda matasan suke amfani da kalmomin a cikin jimila.

More...

Download

The numeral system(s) in Western Serengeti – formal, functional and historical inferences

Author(s): Rasmus Bernander,Antti O. Laine,Lotta Aunio / Language(s): English Issue: 54/2020

In this study we offer a detailed synchronic and diachronic account of the hitherto un(der)-documented numeral systems of the four closely related (Eastern) Bantu language varieties:Ikoma, Nata, Ishenyi, and Ngoreme – together forming the Western Serengeti subgroup.We describe the essentially identical formation and organization of numerals in theselanguage varieties while also noting the morphosyntactic behaviour of numeral expressionsand their extended uses. Based on an extensive quantity of comparative data, wefurthermore disentangle the historical background to the numerals and their systematizationin Western Serengeti, connecting this specific linguistic domain with the wider genealogicalprofile of this subgroup.

More...

Download

Greeting and saying farewell in two Bantu languages: Swahili and Zulu

Author(s): Beata Wójtowicz,Lionel Posthumus / Language(s): English,Swahili Issue: 55/2021

The article discusses greetings and farewells of a typical conversation in two Bantu languages: Swahili and Zulu. The conversation usually comprises the greeting followed by the enquiry about each other’s well-being, the actual conversation, and then the parting farewell. The article outlines the importance of nonverbal, sociolinguistic, and situational factors of the salutation. The objectives of the paper are to explore the feasibility of considering the salutation in Bantu languages as being uniform, to determine some common trends in the salutation, and to discuss the aspects that may have an impact on the form of the salutation, in languages in general and in Swahili and Zulu in particular.

More...

Download

Discourse strategies of handling denials in police – suspect interaction in Ibadan, Nigeria

Author(s): Adesina Bukunmi Sunday,Temidayo Akinrinlola / Language(s): English Issue: 55/2021

Studies on police interrogation have examined interrogating police officers’ (IPOs’) deployment of power abuse in gleaning confessional statements from suspects. However, studies on how IPOs handle denials during interrogation has not been given adequate attention. Therefore, this study investigates discourse strategies of handling denials in police-suspect interaction in Ibadan, Southwest Nigeria. Spencer-Oatey’s rapport management theory served as theoretical anchor. Recorded police interrogation sessions at the State Criminal Investigation and Intelligence Department (SCIID) Ìyágankú, Ibadan constituted the data. Four cases (assault, stealing, Internet fraud and robbery) were sampled, owing to their robust manifestation of facial, sociality and interactional cues between IPOs and suspects. While suspects adopt empathic and explanatory forms of denial to threaten IPOs’ goals, IPOs engage lexical, discursive and paralinguistic choices to negotiate discursive acts of appealing to suspects’ needs, constructing testimonies against suspects, emphasising suspects’ rights and engaging detention and investigation to threaten the face, sociality rights and goals of suspects.

More...

Download

African elements (Africanisms) in modern American English

Author(s): Elnara Putayeva / Language(s): English Issue: 55/2021

The article deals with the influence of words of African origin on the formation of American English [AE] word stock. It provides new interpretation of Africanisms and shows the significance of this part of vocabulary in determining the characteristics of the American culture. The investigation is based on the existing sources (mainly lexicographic works) and is aimed at their new structural and functional analysis. As a result of the research, it became clear that most of the words of African origin were introduced to English spoken in America in the 17th century and some in the 18th and 19th centuries. The number of words and expressions from African languages that were introduced was closely related to African Americans’ way of living, their spiritual believes, rituals and attitudes and various objects used by them such as weapons. The word stock of the English language was enriched due to the assimilation of loanwords from languages of Africans living in America. A significant contribution to AE is the great amount of words naming animals, fruit, foodstuff, names of states, rivers and lakes, cities and towns.

More...

4.50 €

Preview

JĘZYKOWY OBRAZ DROGI W JĘZYKU POLSKIM I UKRAIŃSKIM

Author(s): Olga Łazarowycz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 01/2022

The presented paper analyses the linguistic view of the road in Polish and Ukrainian from a comparative perspective. It describes the meanings presented in dictionaries, synonyms, metaphors and metonyms, proverbs reflecting the concept of the road. The reconstruction of the linguistic view of the road includes the analysis of the lexical connectivity of the word road, the connotation layer and the phenomenon of “semantics expansion” based on an analysis of text corpora. The paper is part of the stream of ethnolinguistically oriented linguistic research, while using the research apparatus of structuralism and cognitivism.

More...

4.50 €

Preview

O POTRZEBIE BADANIA KOMPETENCJI LEKSYKALNEJ DZIECI W WIEKU WCZESNOSZKOLNYM W DYDAKTYCE JĘZYKA POLSKIEGO ZA GRANICĄ (NA PRZYKŁADZIE STANÓW ZJEDNOCZONYCH I UKRAINY)

Author(s): Beata Katarzyna Jędryka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 01/2022

The knowledge of the vocabulary of early school-age children learning Polish abroad is one of the most important determinants of the level of their language proficiency. The paper presents the situation of Polish language teaching in the United States of America and Ukraine. Additionally, the paper discusses the status of the language among people of Polish origin. The author describes the preliminary results of the research on lexical competence of students: semantic fields with the largest lexical deficit among the children compared to their peers in Poland.

More...

Download

ETNOGRAFIA E TË FOLMES SË REKËS SË EPËRME

Author(s): Mustafa Bukurije / Language(s): Albanian Issue: 1/2020

The semantic meaning of the lexemes of ethnoculture in linguistics, takes the values of the indicator, which appears not only as a denominator, but also in a wider function, in the sphere of the so-called ethnosemantic or in the “cultural meaning”, which is also treated in the anthropology of language or the ethnography of speech. Based on this premise, the lexemes of ethnoculture within themselves point to the many aspects not only of language and of dialect, but also that of culture, and from this point of view becomes an issue of interest within the popular taxonomy. This taxonomy of the peoples language is broad in terms of the use of lexemes through which are revealed worldviews, religious and cultural concepts of a people. In this context, the topic focuses on the area of ethnology and its relationship with language. The aim is to analyze the religious and cultural aspects, how they affect the semantic plane of certain lexemes focusing directly on the dialect of Reka e Epërme (Upper Reka) and other areas where they have moved. The different religions, Orthodox and Muslim, should be taken into account. They affect language and lexicon and also testify to the common roots and the transmitted heritage material as well as spiritual. Having no intention to turn to the interpretations from the majority of Slavic scientific opinion, it is important to keep in mind that this region and its dialect has been the subject of various speculations. The idea is however to record these ethnolexemes, especially those used by the Orthodox in Northern Macedonia because otherwise, they will pass into the lost lexicon.

More...

Download

Analysis of Pedagogical Texts Prepared for Academic Turkish as a Foreign Language in Terms of Academic Vocabulary

Author(s): Burak Tüfekçioğlu / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2021

In this study, the aim was to determine academic words in academic Turkish teaching sets, to describe the numerical and rational distribution of these academic words, and to make a comparison between the vocabulary of engineering/health sciences and social sciences. Vocabulary units classified as social sciences and engineering/health sciences were evaluated in terms of their percentages in their own categories, the most frequently used word types, and conceptual features, and to analyze the differences in use between social and engineering/health sciences, the Mann–Whitney U test was applied. The result of the study indicated that the frequency of academic words’ use (7%-8%) is lower than their use count; however, when the number of single uses was considered in terms of developing comprehension and explanation skills, it is highly important. In this research, it was determined that social science and engineering/health sciences’ vocabulary haven’t a significant difference in term of both total vocabulary frequency and academic words’ frequency. In this case, it can be said that academic vocabulary in academic texts does not contain numerical differences in terms of social sciences and natural-health sciences.

More...

Download

SŁOWOTWÓRSTWO W NAUCZANIU JĘZYKA POLSKIEGO JAKO OBCEGO – OGRANICZENIA I MOŻLIWOŚCI

Author(s): Marcin Maciołek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 10/2021

The article is devoted to the role and place of derivation in the teaching of Polish Language and Culture to foreigners. The author discusses the opportunities and limitations related to the inclusion of word formation issues in the teaching of Polish as a foreign language. Research has frequently indicated that the main factor hindering the decoding of meanings and word formations by foreigners is the ungrammaticality of the derivations (limited categoriality, and formal and semantic irregularity), which distinctively differentiates word formations from inflection, and locates it between grammar and vocabulary. It is generally believed that derivatives are acquired as lexical units. Following from Adam Heinz, the author claims that grammaticality is a gradable feature and proves that the difference between them is fluid. Raising students’ awareness of the particularly productive functions of affixes, and showing the rules of their use within word formation categories (which are more regular and frequent in everyday communication), contributes to the improvement of text reception and production skills, which in general facilitate language learning.

More...

Download

Лексико-фразеологические средства создания экспрессии в медиатексте на спортивную тему

Author(s): Iryna Ahapava / Language(s): Russian Issue: 175/2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of media texts expressive means sportswriter at the lexical level (stylistically colored vocabulary, case law, paths, paradigmatic connections, deviations from the norms, etc.). The author shows the quantitative characteristics of the identified means of expression and the dependence of their use on the text.

More...

Download

Родовые компоненты топонимических терминов русского и чешского языков (сопоставительный аспект)

Author(s): Lukáš Plesnik / Language(s): Russian Issue: 175/2021

The article is devoted to the problems of generic components of toponymic terms of the Russian and Czech languages. The focus of attention is both on the main terms of the studied problem (toponymy, toponym, generic component), and on the issue of linguistic transfer of generic elements and generic terms. The analysis is carried out in the Russian-Czech comparative plan, the generic components of toponymic terms are investigated, related mainly to сhoronyms, oronyms and hydronyms. The language transfer is implemented in the corresponding terms of the receiving language. On the one hand, most of the generic components under study have direct equivalence in the process of transferring from one language to another; however, on the other hand, there are also generic components, which are replaced during the transfer by not completely matching translated generic components, i. e. they are translated using semantically adjacent lexical units with each other.

More...

Download

О некоторых особенностям терминов курортологии в русском и чешском языках

Author(s): Zdeňka Nedomová / Language(s): Russian Issue: 175/2021

The article is focused on the issue of spa treatment terminology — a field of clinical medicine, from the perspective of language contacts. The specialized terms of balneology, which is a part of spa treatment, are described and analyzed with respect to their specifics regarding the semantics, structure and origin. We mainly focus on the terms containing so-called analytical adjectives. The article indicates the cases of terminological synonymy and the Czech terms of different structural types are presented to equal the Russian terms. The research is performed on the basis of confrontation analysis of the balneology terms in both the languages.

More...

Download

Jeden rosyjski realonim czasownikowy w konfrontacji przekładowej

Author(s): Roman Lewicki / Language(s): Polish Issue: 174/2021

The paper is situated within the stream of culture-oriented translation studies, which intend to track confrontation between the addressee and the cultural context alien to him/her. It is within the line of contemporary humanities research, which aims at focusing on cultural and behavioural differentiation of societies. The subject of the current analysis is the Russian verb govet‘ (говеть), which belongs to the group of realogisms — names of specific elements of foreign reality, in particular, referring to the sphere of Orthodox religious rituals as transferred in translations. The corpus for analysis comprises 11 literary works from the 19th and 20th century, which were used to extract contexts containing the analyzed lexeme based on the Russian National Corpus together with its renderings into Polish. The analysis demonstrates different degree of transfer of particular elements of semantic structure, a diversity of techniques of translation used in the process as well as the implementation of syntactic changes as a vehicle for avoiding searching for an equivalent for the Russian lexeme. The conclusion of the study is that Polish translations have a tendency for cultural adaptation and fail to underline the distinctive nature of the Orthodox religious tradition.

More...

Download

О проекте Русско-польского словаря разговорной речи и общего сленга

Author(s): Tadeusz Szczerbowski / Language(s): Russian Issue: 174/2021

Three bilingual corpora of literary texts are employed to compile the dictionary (the Russian National Corpus, the Polish-Russian and Russian-Polish Corpus of Warsaw University, and the Home Corpus). The latter covers texts which are not created by the two former corpora, but which will be cited in the proposed dictionary. Four entries are given in detail (1 otmorozok; 2 (uzh) chto-chto, a…; 3 travit’ anekdoty, and 4 tozhe mne …).

More...

Download

„Kilka razy nad morzem…” — o polskich tłumaczeniach wiersza Igora Siewierianina

Author(s): Anna Bednarczyk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 174/2021

The article considers three Polish translations of the Igor Severyain’s poem It passed by the sea. The analysis finds the lexical and semantic phenomena typical of this Russian ego-futurist (neologisms, the structure of the verse, the unexpectedness of images). However, it turns out, that in this case, the translator’s decisions depend primarily on the purpose of the translation and the manner of the author of the target text.

More...

Download

Терминологические параллели в метаязыке славянской терминографической критики

Author(s): Tetiana Petrova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 173/2021

The article deals with the issues related to the formation of terminographic criticism as an independent section of terminography. There are no clear boundaries in the metalanguage of terminographic criticism. We conclude that the terminological parallels in the synchronously compared Slavic metalanguages of this direction are formally identical, with absolutely the same semantic structures. It is established that Ukrainian and Belarusian meta-units more often coincide in form than Russian and Polish terms do. In the metalanguage of Slavic criticism, which is under consideration, foreign units prevail. The metalanguage of Ukrainian criticism is rich in synonyms; it is characterized by single intralinguistic homonymy. The identity of the Ukrainian metalanguage, in contrast to the Russian and Belarusian languages, tends to preserve the traditions of national term formation and to adapt borrowed units.

More...

Download

Језичко-стилске особине Слова о птицама из Фисиолога у три српска преписа (на примеру Слова о орлу и о ждралу)

Author(s): Milan Subotić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 52/2021

The main subject of this paper is the medieval piece of work Physiologus, a kind of didactic writing, written in the manner of narrative prose. It consists of the stories about animals with a moral at the end. Although it belongs to the profane literature, it has religious connotations as well. This work is translated from Greek. It was very popular among Serbs in the Middle Ages, which can be assumed on the basis of great number of preserved transcripts of this work. This paper examines the language (at all levels) of two stories, the one about an eagle and other about a crane, in three different transcripts: the Nikoljac manuscript no. 52 (N 52), the National Library of Serbia manuscript no. 53 (NBS 38) and the Museum of Serbian Orthodox Church manuscript no 100 (MSPC 100). The manuscripts differ in time (from the 15th to the 17th century) and place of the origin (east, south and west part of Stokavian). The main goal of this paper is to find out, on the basis of the philological analysis; in what style these texts were written and whether there are variations in the transcripts in this respect.

More...

Download

Чији је космос Сиба Миличића? Употреба мотива земље и космичких тела у Књизи радости (1920) у митолошком и културно специфичним контекстима

Author(s): Rastko R. Lončar / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 52/2021

Josip Sibe Miličić (1886–1944), a Serbian and Croatian poet whose works covers the period from early modern times to the literature of the People's Liberation Fight, remains remembered in the history of literature as one of the main poets of cosmism in Serbian poetry, as well as a mysterious figure in Lament nad Beogradom by Miloš Crnjanski, while his works remain mostly unvalued. The reason for this may be found in the period of the “Second Yugoslavia” – where Miličić was considered a Yugoslav nationalist Yugoslav nationalist in the period of the old, royalist regime – while, after the disintegration of Yugoslavia, he remained n the interspace of Serbian and Croatian literature, not of particular interest to either one. The aim of this paper is to approach the manifest book of Serbian cosmism – Miličić’s Knjiga radosti (1920) – from the positions of culturally specific contexts, and to open the problematic areas of redefining the poetics of cosmism in Serbian poetry, as well as to evaluate Miličić’s poetry in communication with mythological, Christian and Slavic cultural specifics, while also paying attention to the poet’s unique approach to phraseology in Serbian literature – which make this book of poetry both translatable and untranslatable to other languages. This approach leads to results that raise fundamental questions regarding present results when it comes to poetry of Serbian cosmism, as well as opens new perspectives regarding reading, understanding and the reception of Miličić’s Knjiga radosti, as well as his work in general.

More...

Download

SELECȚIA VOCABULARULUI PENTRU NIVELURILE A1 – A2. ROMÂNA CA LIMBĂ STRĂINĂ (RLS)

Author(s): Daniela Kohn / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 3/2021

There are numerous different selections of vocabulary for levels A1-A2 of linguistic competence - the beginner level, as it would have been considered pre-CEFR. The multiplicity and diversity of those approaches leads eventually to a series of word lists containing the vocabulary necessary at beginner level. Though steeped in different perspectives, such lists are partially overlapping and maintain a sort of dialogue. The lists are joined by theoretical works regarding the adequate lexical selection for different proficiency levels and by RFL textbooks that put those selections into operation in practical situations of communication. It can be argued, that this multiperspectivity is indeed a productive one and their interaction can lead to a nuanced establishing of vocabulary contingent claimed by the first levels of linguistic competence in the case of RFL.

More...