A Semantic Description of the Combinability between Verbs and Nouns (on Material from Bulgarian and English)

Author(s): Svetlozara Leseva,Ivelina Stoyanova,Maria Todorova,Hristina Kukova / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2020

This paper represents a methodology for defining restrictions on the semantic combinability between different semantic classes of verbs and the sets of nouns corresponding to the elements of their conceptual frame (i.e. the major participants in the situation described). Our observations focus on verb synsets from WordNet and their assigned FrameNet frames which mutually inform each other. We analyse the semantic information typical for each of the studied verb classes and define semantic restrictions on the nouns they combine with. The theoretical and empirical value of the provided semantic representations and restrictions lies in the enhanced modelling of verb-noun combinability which is universal enough to be applicable not only to the languages exemplified (English and Bulgarian), but (with possible modifications) to various other languages for which wordnets are available.

ON TEMPORALITY

Author(s): Vesselina Laskova / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2020

The present study is concerned with what a unified account of temporality could be based on. The proposal is that a theory that accounts for temporality should be based on some universal expression of this semantic phenomenon. The paper opens with the discussion of some problematic issues the traditional morphologically-based approaches raise. Then it is suggested that a solution could be to build the account taking as a basis the semantic types of the events that could be expressed in a clause. Evidence in favour of the soundness of the proposal comes from a comparative analysis of Bulgarian and Amharic data.

Синтаксис на метаезика

Author(s): Mariana Georgieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2020

The article presents metalanguage as a cognitive phenomenon with its own syntactic paradigm. The paradigm of syntactic bonds of metalanguage is substantiated by the method of cognitive modelling. The analysis is based on the cognitive reading of the definitive sentence characteristics predicative, modality, intonation completeness and grammatical formation. The principle of cognitive integration between concepts, phenomena is applied.

Полонистиката в чуждестранните университети през погледа на лектора по полски език и литература

Author(s): Magdalena Zakrzewska-Verdugo / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2020

The first part of the paper presents a brief glimpse into the history of teaching Polish as a Foreign Language at universities worldwide. Activities of Bristol Association of Polish and Foreign Teachers of Polish Culture and Polish as a Second Language are also mentioned, as well as its role in offering methodological help for teachers and professors of Polish overseas. The paper offers also a presentation of the current model of teaching Polish abroad coordinated since 2017 by the Polish state agency NAWA. The second part of the paper deals with an overview of university centers teaching Polish in Slovakia. The author focuses mainly on the specifics of Polish education program at the Department of Slavonic Languages, Faculty of Arts at the Comenius University in Bratislava, from the synchronic and diachronic point of view. At the end of the paper, some relevant information about teaching Polish at university centers in Bulgaria is mentioned from the comparative, current perspective.

Към историята на предлога Освен

Author(s): Mariyana Tsibranska-Kostova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2020

The article discusses one of the linguo-didactologic goals oriented to the teaching of Old Bulgarian (Slavonic) as the establishing of systematic relations between diachrony and synchrony. Concrete example are the uses of the preposition except in a translated juridical text from 1262, some of which overlap with the contemporary use of the preposition except in complex conjunctions appropriated to the administrative style. The main conclusion concerns the localization character of except in texts and manuscripts of Southern, or Balkan Slavic origin. The Preslav Literary School plays a definitive role for its imposing in the literary language. The unchangeable prepositional functions prove the continuity between the Medieval and the Modern Bulgarian language.

Creating the Authorial Self in Academic Texts: Evidence From the Expert’s Style of Writing

Author(s): Tatiana Szczygłowska / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

This paper reports on an analysis of stance expressions in a 439,490-word corpus of Ken Hyland’s academic prose, encompassing 64 single-authored texts from journals, edited collections and his own monographs. Using WordSmith Tools 6.0, the study aims to find out how this expert academic writer creates his authorial self through stance mechanisms. The results reveal that Hyland’s authorial participation in his discourse is mostly manifested through hedges, somewhat less definitely through boosters, but relatively infrequently by attitude markers and self-mention. The choice of the specific stance devices indicates a preference for detached objectivity when formulating empirically verifiable propositions and a shift towards subjectivity when referring to discourse acts and research methodology. These findings contribute to our understanding of stance-taking expertise in applied linguistics and may thus assist novice writers in the field in a more effective management of their own performance of self inacademic prose.

Инфинитивният подлог с неясна референция в съвременния италиански език от гледна точка на текстолингвистичния анализ

Author(s): Maria Ladovinska / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2020

The article presents an empirical study of zero-anaphora in co-referential chains – an inscrutable and opaque phenomenon in modern Italian that takes place when the verb bears no number or gender marking due to its form and there is no indication of its actual subject. Methods from text linguistics are applied to corpora compiled from three novels by modern Italian authors.

Студентски научен семинар „Страници от историята на лингвистиката"

Author(s): Encho Tilev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2020

Отражение на дискурсния подход върху учебна серия по български език (учебници за V – XII клас)

Author(s): Angel Petrov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 5/2020

In this article are based some thoughts giving a significance to the concept of discourse approach. The purpose is this rationalization to become a base for creation of school content in Bulgarian language for the aims of a course of textbooks designed for the junior high school and the both high school degrees. The special features of the communicatively orientated training in Bulgarian language are presented which needs a new “generation” of textbooks and school aids. They must reflect the characteristics of the discourse approach and be at the most adequate to the requirements of the modern socio-cultural and educational context.

САВРЕМЕНА ПРОУЧАВАЊА ЈЕЗИКА И КЊИЖЕВНОСТИ

Author(s): Milan Todorović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 69/2019

Театърът в образователните програми по английска филология

Author(s): Ivan Lacko / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 5/2020

The article deals with the extracurricular role of student-operated English-speaking theatre at the Department of British and American Studies at Comenius University in Bratislava. For a decade now, the theatre group has extended and enriched the study programmes in translation, interpreting, and in teacher training. Their activities enhance practical study of language, improve linguistic and cultural awareness, and develop interpretational and aesthetic competences. Students learn to work individually and in teams, are involved in project management and inter-institutional communication (university, NGOs, civic associations, corporations). Using theatre activities aids students in applying their knowledge and skills to a variety of current labour market requirements.

Book review

Author(s): Ibukun Filani / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2020

УТИЦАЈ СТЕРЕОТИПА НА УЧЕЊЕ ШПАНСКОГ ЈЕЗИКА

Author(s): Sandra Miladinović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 71/2020

Considerando que la enseñanza moderna de lenguas extranjeras presupone que la lengua y la cultura forman una unidad única e inseparable, es necesario que los alumnos desarrollen una opinión positiva hacia la cultura cuya lengua aprenden. No obstante, son numerosas las investigaciones que confirman la existencia de varios estereotipos a la hora de aprender lenguas extranjeras, y que los mismos de cierta manera moldean el proceso de aprendizaje de la lengua misma. Teniendo en cuenta que los mencionados estereotipos pueden aparecer en dos formas, como positivos y como negativos, su influencia en el aprendizaje de las lenguas extranjeres puede tener un doble efecto. A este respecto, es importante la relación que existe entre los estereotipos y la motivación, porque partimos de la hipótesis de que los estereotipos positivos pueden motivar el proceso de aprendizaje de la lengua extranjera, mientras que, por otra parte, los estereotipos negativos pueden ser un motivo de desinterés para los alumnos, y por lo tanto para su éxito. Asimismo, no hay que descuidar la competencia intercultural cuyo desarrollo depende en gran medida del grado de la existencia de los estereotipos entre los alumnos y los estudiantes. Este trabajo tratará la influencia de los estereotipos en el aprendizaje de la lengua española. El objetivo principal es señalar la importancia del estudio de la dicha problemática a través de la revisión de algunos trabajos e investigaciones más relevantes, es decir comprobar en qué medida los estereotipos influyen en el aprendizaje de la lengua española, al igual que señalar las implicaciones pedagógicas que ellos traen consigo. Las investi- gaciones muestran resultados similares en cuanto a la presencia de los estereotipos entre los estudiantes y los alumnos que aprenden español como lengua extranjera. Aparecen tanto los negativos como los positivos, aunque los segundos emergen en mayor medida, lo que está a favor del aprendizaje de la lengua española, así como a favor del crecimento de motivación y desarrollo de la competencia intercultural.

О БОГАТСТВУ СРПСКОГ ЈЕЗИЧКОГ НАСЛЕЂА

Author(s): Aleksandra M. Antić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 71/2020

South Slavic-Ukrainian Phonetic and Graphic Variability in Religious Monuments of the 14th–15th Century

Author(s): Inna Tsaralunga / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

As a result of the analysis of liturgical texts of the 14th–15th centuries created in the territory of Ukraine, expressive signs of interaction between the Old Bulgarian graphic and spelling system and the Ukrainian folk speech are recorded. Manifestations of the phonetic and graphic South Slavic-Ukrainian variability are associated with the following linguistic phenomena in the vocalism and consonantism of religious monuments: continuity of the former*ę,*’а and *Q; change of the initial *jе into о; transition of e into o after hushings and ц; reduction of и > ь before iotated vowels; confusion of unstressed и and е; development of sound combinations *tоrt, *tоlt, *tеrt, *tеlt; reflexes of sound combinations ър, ъл, ьр, ьл; hardening of р'; hardness/softness of hushing consonants; dissimilation and simplification of consonants; change of sound combinations *dj, *zdj and *tj, *kt . In the phonetic system of the studied monuments, the interaction of the traditional writing of that time and the local vernacular is observed, in particular, the phonetic features of the North Ukrainian and the South-West Ukrainian dialects are revealed. The study of the language of religious monuments taking into account the results of other research in the field of philology, paleography, theology has undeniable prospects for linguistic interpretation of church books with the definition of local language traditions of the time, their localization as elements of the Slavic written culture, resolving debatable issues regarding the formation, chronology and systematization of the church-written corpus.

Икономиката в контекста на преподаването по български език и информационни технологии

Author(s): Neli Minkova,Zdravka Georgieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2021

The article presents a lesson, related to the acquisition and application of knowledge in Bulgarian language, Information technology and Economics. The aim is to learn students how to use these skills in practice for their professional realization in life.

Мотивации и затруднения на съвременните ученици при изучаването на чужд език

Author(s): Georgi Dzhumayov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2021

The present study aims to test students’ motivation in foreign language classes. The survey also aims to gather information which area of learning English or Spanish contemporary students consider most difficult to acquire – reading, writing, listening, speaking, grammar, vocabulary, and why they have decided to learn the relevant foreign language.

Език, власт, медия

Author(s): Mariana Georgieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2021

Media language is a prototype of the public consent for the media to be defined through compromise as a fourth position in the paradigm of power as a philosophical category, whose explications before the media are legislative, executive, judicial. The linguistic norm and the cognitive-rhetorical characteristic of the media discourse are the prototype of the metaphor of the "fourth power". The formation of the information-language culture and the preservation of the language norm is the high social responsibility of the media discourse. The media is a prototype of public consciousness, a “picture” of national identity – a unit of political and socio-economic information and cultural “taste” (a sample of art and its list).

Phonological distortion as a humorous strategy in Folarin Falana’s comedy skits

Author(s): Ronke Eunice Adesoye / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2018

Various studies exist on the social functions of humour and such studies have been carried outin diverse fields that range from the humanities to the sciences. In linguistics, specifically,research shows that humour has been studied from the perspectives of syntax, pragmatics, andsemantics; moreover, there is a dearth of studies on the creation of humour throughphonological processes. Therefore, this study aims to investigate humour and how it isachieved using phonological processes. The study engages mainly qualitative methods ofanalysis. Five comedy skits were purposively selected from Folarin Falana’s (Falz the BahdGuy) eleven collections. These were chosen on the basis of their internet popularity amongNigerians; this popularity was determined on the basis of the rates of downloading the skits.McGraw & Warren’s (2010) Benign Violation Theory was used to account for thephonological violations in the comedies. The various phonological processes that wereviolated include liaison, deletion, insertion, monophthongisation, coalescence, and vowelstrengthening. It is argued that the phonological distortions are deliberately made to achievehumour in these Nigerian comedies, especially when the high educational level of the artist isconsidered. Also, there anti-Anglicism and pro-Nigerianism in the data as the artist identifieshimself with Nigeria(ns) and creates a niche for himself in the entertainment industry usingthe phonological peculiarities among Nigerians’ language use, especially the Yoruba tribe. Healso creates different personalities to project different messages which are not only peculiar toNigeria but to the world, using these personalities to portray people’s feelings and views ofthe world and how these influence their attitudes.

ARAPSKE GRAMATIČKE ŠKOLE KLASIČNOG PERIODA - POGLED U NASTANAK I RAZVOJ

Author(s): Jusuf Ramić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 16/2012

The paper deals with the origin and development of classical grammar school: Basra, Kufa and Baghdad. The cause of their creation is mistakes in speaking and reading of the Qur'anic text. All examples of these errors and biographies of the grammarians, with some minor modifications, are taken from the introduction to the work Dirasatun tatbiqijje fin-nahw ve-Sarf. The author of the work is Professor Abdu l-Semi 'Shaban, my professor at the undergraduate and postgraduate studies in Cairo. The paper presents translation of the introduction to this work. In this paper, we meet a number of clients who have studied Arabic grammar, so hence this science is often referred to as the science of clients or residents. The work is full of controversies between al-Kisa'i and al-Jezidi and between al-Muberrid and Sa'leba, and one of the sharpest controversies was conducted between Sibevejh and al-Kisa'i in the presence of the Caliph, and other officials in which al-Kisa'i was declared the winner. It was a political judgment. Kufa was closer to Baghdad, geographically and politically. The Grammarians of Kufa were closer to the court than the grammarians of Basra.