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Интелигентният дизайн и историческите корени на нашествието на псевдонауката

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Интелигентният дизайн и историческите корени на нашествието на псевдонауката

Author(s): Georgi K. Marinov / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

Creationism in general, and the theory of Intelligent Design (ID) in particular, have so far mostly remained outside the mainstream discourse in Bulgaria and other Eastern European countries, in contrast with the perpetual controversy they generate in the United States. However, this situation may change in the near future as active initial forays are being made here to assert the presence of creationism in society. Albeit, based on a superficial reading of its recent socio-political history, this may seem counterintuitive, a fertile intellectual soil for creationism seems in fact to be present in this part of Europe, a circumstance that requires closer examination. The discussion carried on in this journal regarding the scientific credibility of ID has been quite informative as to the factors underlying the vulnerability of Bulgarian society to pseudo-scientific ideas. In this article, the author analyses the pro-ID argumentation presented in one of the articles in the series (Gagov 2016), first, from a scientific and philosophical point of view, and then in the larger socio-historical context from which ID is derived. This is then used as an illustration helping the reader to understand how the current situation developed. The article highlights the dangers to the intellectual health of society by making a comparison with analogous phenomena in the past and their consequences.

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Еволюция и вяра – кратък исторически и социален преглед

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Еволюция и вяра – кратък исторически и социален преглед

Author(s): Hristo Gagov / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

This article is a response to another article published in this journal (Marinov 2018). Here the author presents historical, social and psychological arguments in support of the presence of spiritual influences upon social life. The role of religious beliefs as factors of “rational” and “non-rational” social processes is discussed

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Некласическа научна област ли са изследванията, свързани с появата и развитието на живота на Земята

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Некласическа научна област ли са изследванията, свързани с появата и развитието на живота на Земята

Author(s): Martin Tabakov / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

Questions related to the emergence and development of life on Earth are basically of a philosophical kind and are more complicated than the superficial assessment that “Evolutionary Theory (ET) is science and Intelligent Design (ID) is pseudo-science”.From a Hegelian viewpoint, it may be considered that ID is a “negation of the negation” of creationism, i.e., a positive development of the latter, a “synthesis between it and ET”. The sharp criticism aimed by scientistic thinkers at ID can also be explained by their perception of it as a treacherously veiled creationism.It is necessary to show the theoretical constructs used by ID and ET. In ET, they are related to the vague, and hard to explicitate, concepts of “natural (development)” and “intervention”, concepts that go beyond the fields of particular branches of science. The basic question is, “Is it possible, using means that are internal to a system, to show that this system is self-organizing and self-structuring, and that no significant external influence has been exercised upon it?” Science claims to have a monopoly on Truth, but every monopoly is dangerous and holds the risk of misuse, especially if the verification and falsification of ID and ET are presented only by proponents of one of the two theories.In the history of science, there have been many mistaken, incomplete theories that, nevertheless, were predominant in their time. The study of the emergence and development of life on Earth is a non-classical field of science, and for some questions, science might not have a good explanation at the present stage of its development.The a priori rejection of the idea of rational participation in the emergence and development of life on Earth underestimates the possibilities of the development of science and civilization, and the potential power of reason. After 70 years of aggressive atheism, the rejection of atheism and the imposition by the government in Russia of a strict, archaic, old-ritual Orthodoxy is indirectly a blow aimed at ET as well.

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Сътворяване – Еволюция – Интелигентен дизайн, или: Краят на една дискусия в апология на философията

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Сътворяване – Еволюция – Интелигентен дизайн, или: Краят на една дискусия в апология на философията

Author(s): Stefan Penov / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

We will nowise deny the principles of progressive development, change, and movement, insofar as it is in them that life and the arising of the new consists. The concept of an Intelligent Design is no worse than Creationism and is better than an evolutionism based on materialistic determinism. The opposite would be peace, steadiness, degradation, miracle or death. Here we consider and pay attention to the leading principles of philosophy and to certain scientific laws that cannot be ignored and are far from a primitive and tabular Neo-Darwinian evolutionism. The same principle applies to the concept of the Big Bang and the development of the Universe. Specifically, we emphasize that the controversy of creationism vs. evolutionism is both scientifically outdated and philosophically one-sided and ill-considered. Philosophy, as a third factor, is the truth to which religion and science are subordinated. Process philosophy – for example, that of A. N. Whitehead – retains substances and provides the opportunity for development. Whether some like it or not, it does not exclude the idea of Creation.

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HZ. ÖMER’İN OLUŞTURDUĞU DÎVÂNLARIN SAHÂBÎLERLE İLGİLİ BİLGİLERİN TESPİTİNE ETKİSİ

Author(s): Mahmut YAZICI / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 1/2015

The earliest bibliographical works we have today are those written in the third century of Hijra notwithstanding, it is possible that the earliest documents containing bibliographical information date back to the beginning of the second century and even to the end of the last quarter of the first century of Hijra, at a time when ‘Umar, the righteous second Caliph, ordered the dīwāns to be written. We do not know for sure if the Dīwān of ‘Umar was available to use in the beginnings of the second century, when the traditions started to be compiled systematically. However, the fact that those who have worked in dīwāns as scribers or experts have also related a lot of information about the Companions on one hand, and that those scholars who were specialists in the bibliographical information on the Companions have also worked on the dīwāns on the other, shows that the mentioned persons must have benefited from the information in the dīwāns when they wrote the first biographical dictionaries. When one compares the order of the Dīwān which ’Umar produced and the narrations talking about the amount of the gifts (‘atiyya) with the order of the tabaqāt as well as the ansāb works, they realize that the structure of these works mostly corresponds to that of the Dīwān of‘Umar. Thus, one can say that the Dīwān of ‘Umar influenced the structures as well as the substances of the bibliographical works, which would be written later on.

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HISTORY OF POLITOLOGY OF RELIGION IN POLAND. А RESEARCH OVERVIEW

Author(s): Ryszard Michalak / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2020

The aim of the article is to show the circumstances of birth and the development of research in the field of politology of religion in Poland. Thepresentation of this process includes information about researchers, research centers, publications, as well as scientific events - congresses and conferences, which formed the sub-discipline of religiology and political science to the greatest extent. Apart from factography, the article contains comments on the dominant trends and tendencies in research. In this context, the ways of explaining the politology of religion and its definitions are also presented.

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Daniel Alic (coordonator), D u h ş i A d e v ă r. L u c r ă r il e S i m p o z i o n u l u i „ C e n t e n a r u l b ă n ă ţean. U n s e c o l d e a d m i n i s t r a ţi e r o m â neasc ă la f r u n t a r iil e R o m â n i e i, 2 7 - 2 9 i u li e 2

Author(s): Iuliu-Marius Morariu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 6/2020

This is a book review of: Daniel Alic (coordonator), D u h ş i A d e v ă r. L u c r ă r il e S i m p o z i o n u l u i „ C e n t e n a r u l b ă n ă ţean. U n s e c o l d e a d m i n i s t r a ţi e r o m â neasc ă la f r u n t a r iil e R o m â n i e i, 2 7 - 2 9 i u li e 2 0 1 9 , Cluj-Napoca/Timişoara, Presa Universitară Clujeană/Editura Partoş, 2019, 325 p

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С верой вокруг мира (язык и личность старовера Орегона)

Author(s): Tamara Morris / Language(s): Russian Issue: XXII/2020

This article describes the main features of the dialect at different language levels of Alexei Ivanovich Afonin, a respected North American Old Believer belonging to the Bespopovtsy group of Chasovennye denomination and the Sintsyantsy group. Most of his life Afonin lived in Oregon, the USA, and in 2016 he went to the Siberian Dubchessky Monastery. His personality is also depicted in the article as being an au-thoritative old man, a good builder, a traveller, a talented storyteller, and a decent man.

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History and Christianity, Time and the Church (Musings of a Theologian-historian)

Author(s): Pavel Pavlov / Language(s): English Issue: 2020/2020

What exactly is the relationship between theology and history? How does the Church re-create time? These are the main questions behind this article in which the author reviews the current stagnation of the historical profession, along with a few suggestions that might lead to a re-discovery of a common tradition. Using theological literature from the Bulgarian space and abroad, he will try there to present the main aspects related with the aforementioned problem and to offer and interesting and actual debate dedicated to this topic. In the same time, the aim of the article will be the one to create bridges between spiritualties from different areas and to invite to debate and dialogue.

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Exercising Religious Freedom in Pandemic Era During the State of Emergency – a Legal Perspective

Author(s): Silviu Cristian Rad / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 2020/2020

The COVID-19 virus pandemic has placed countless challenges before the states with which these were not fully prepared to cope. Bearing in mind that this danger threatened the existence of the state and its citizens, states have often responded by introducing a state of emergency, in which they had to maintain a balance between the state’s survival and the guaranteed human rights, in particular the freedom of religion. As a result of the comparative analysis of normative solutions from the constitutions of some of the European countries that introduced the category of non-derogable rights in a state of emergency, it was concluded that all analysed cases incorporated religious freedom under this category, following the solution in the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. The author refutes the view that the choice of the European Convention on Human Rights, which does not list among non-derogable rights religious freedom, is obsolete and unjustified. In many states having a state of emergency in effect for Easter 2020 during the pandemic, religious freedom had factually been derogated from by the suspension of freedom of movement, making it impossible to go and attend the service. In this paper, the author advocates returning to the solution of the European Convention on Human Rights as one capable to respond appropriately to the modern challenges (not only pandemics but also the increasingly frequent terrorist activities). In this context, the author argues that derogation from religious freedom is inevitably permissible, but only in respect of forum externum, while forum internum remains an absolute right.

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Salvarea Universală. Noi Opinii în Teologia Contemporană

Author(s): Alexandru Lazăr / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 2020/2020

God's judgment with eternal effects contains a great mystery. The mystery of the autonomous man, who desires to rule himself, according to his own laws, is that he can stand eternally before the many signs of God's love and before the most terrible sufferings, and yet challenge God to the end, not to try the solution of overcoming them by accepting communion with Him. And the great mystery is that God does not destroy man for the refusal of communion, although he despises his eternal repentance and refusal, but respects man forever for both existence and freedom. Based on biblical, historical, and logical arguments, we have found that the universal salvation postulated by some contemporary theologians is not a sound theory. Even if universalism were doctrinally supported by Holy Scripture, which is not the case anyway, and even if solid theological and philosophical arguments supported it, universalism could still not be the official public teaching of the Church, for it would conflict with the moral, spiritual and missionary foundations of the institution. Regardless of the approach, most arguments converge towards a single solution: universal salvation is not possible for all people, given the magnitude of human freedom and responsibility, which has consequences in eternity. At the same time, however, we can hope with sufficient reason that the number of those who will reject God forever will be very small.

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Exercising Religious Freedom in Pandemic Era During the State of Emergency – a Legal Perspective

Author(s): Dragutin Avramović / Language(s): English Issue: 2020/2020

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Liturgia domowa sprawowana przez małżonków w codzienności

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Liturgia domowa sprawowana przez małżonków w codzienności

Author(s): Erwin Mateja / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 56/2020

Określenie chrześcijańskiej rodziny mianem „sanktuarium domowego Kościoła” pokazuje, że jest ona miejscem przygotowywania się jej członków do udziału w liturgii sprawowanej we wspólnocie parafialnej. Jednocześnie jest też miejscem przedłużania w domu kultu sprawowanego w kościele parafialnym. Jedną z głównych potrzeb rodziny i małżeństwa jest religijna kultura rodzinna, wyrażana w domowym zaciszu na wspólnej modlitwie. Jej pielęgnowanie ma prowadzić do stworzenia swoistego rytuału religijnego danej rodziny. Aby taki rytuał był także akceptowany i praktykowany przez młode pokolenie, musi być czymś autentycznie przeżywanym przez małżonków. Formacja, którą dzieci otrzymują od rodziców, ma im pomóc w pokochaniu własnej rodziny i tego, co dla katolickich małżonków i rodziców jest ważne. Niniejszy artykuł jest próbą pokazania bogactwa rodzinnych modlitw, ale też zwyczajów religijnych i praktyk związanych z przeżywanym rokiem liturgicznym oraz przyjmowanymi sakramentami czy błogosławieństwami.

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CURRENT SOCIAL ISSUES AND STATUS OF A PERSON IN CANON LAW

Author(s): Jurij Popovič / Language(s): English Issue: 1-2/2020

Les questions sociales actuelles et la position de la personne en droit canonique. En droit canonique, la définition d’une «personne» est principalement utilisée comme un attribut de l’individu, un sujet de droits et d’obligations et un point de référence dans des situations juridiques ayant la capacité d’accomplir des actes constitutifs dans le domaine juridique. Dans notre article, nous représentons la place d’une personne physique dans le droit canonique et également les conditions avec lesquelles une personne physique peut obtenir la capacité juridique dans le système canonique. Respectivement, quelles conditions une personne doit-elle remplir pour devenir un sujet de relations juridiques et, par conséquent, posséder ses droits et obligations dans tout le spectre mentionné du droit canonique.

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Importanța Regiunii Autonome Uigure Xinjiang în asigurarea securității Chinei

Author(s): Isabela Ancuţ / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 3/2017

In spite of certain vulnerabilities and risks induced by its condition, the studies conducted till today show us that the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region plays a strategic role in ensuring China’s security, in all its aspects, economic, social, political, military and so on. The region is the largest natural gas supplier on the domestic market, it is an important oil producer and it is on all the routes proposed to be developed as part of the major New Silk Road project, which means it has a vital role to play in ensuring security of China. At the same time, the region is the gateway to Central Asia and the states beyond it, which gives it a strategic importance to the growing Chinese foreign trade. Although the region is far behind, from the point of view of its development and share of national GDP, to the rest of the Chinese regions, their development depends on the Xinjiang Uyghur Region that supplies the energy and raw materials to the „center”. Similarly, controlling the upsurge of radical Islamic movements in the region ensures the peace and stability of the Chinese state and, moreover, a social, ethnic and religious gain in the face of other states facing the rise and radicalization of Muslim minorities in their territory. In other words, a stable, quiet and prosperous Xinjiang Uyghur Region will always mean an extra security pillar for the great China.

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Apologie katolicismus na indexu zapovězených knih

Author(s): Tomáš Petráček / Language(s): Czech Issue: 2/2020

In this study, the author deals with the thought of Alfred Loisy (1857–1940), especially the reasons for his disputes with the ecclesiastical authorities, which ended in his works being put on the Index and eventually in his excommunication. He examines his apologetic work The Gospel and the Church and the subsequent treatise Autour d´un petit livre not only in the context of the time, but also in terms of the further development of Catholic biblical science. In the main part of the study, the author analyses the strengths and difficulties of Loisy’s thought and the main reasons why his approaches, especially redaction criticism and form criticism, to the study of the New Testament and the beginnings of the Church were sharply rejected at his time by the ecclesiastical authorities.

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Patrilo sa hodovať alebo zabávať? (Lk 15,32)

Author(s): Jozef Jančovič / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 2/2020

This article focuses on the semantic and pragmatic aspect of specific Greek verb εὐφραίνω in the Gospel of Luke. The verb dominates in Luke especially in the parabolic motif of the feast (12:19; 15: 23, 24, 29, 32; 16:19), in which it acquires some characteristic features that were often overlooked in previous Slovak translations. The aim of this article is to suggest a more accurate and contextoriented translation of the verb in the new Slovak translation of Luke.

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Kardinál Newman, zjevení a vývoj věrouky

Author(s): František Štěch / Language(s): Czech Issue: 2/2020

This article deals with John Henry Newman’s account of revelation and the development of doctrine. It is intended as a contribution to the Czech and Slovak debate on Newman’s theological work which was revived after his canonisation in the year 2019. It starts with an overview of Newman’s understanding of God’s revelation (I.), continues with recalling his concept of doctrinal development (II.), and results in a synthesis (III.) presenting possibilities of inspiration we may draw from Newman’s scholarly work for a contemporary re-thinking of questions related to the concept of continual or new revelation. Based on encountering Newman’s thought, the concept of new revelation is critiqued, and a concluding terminological option is made for dependent revelation (instead of continuous or new revelation). This has an important consequence for the complex Christian theology of revelation. Dependent revelation is indispensably rooted in and based on the original revelation of Jesus Christ; it maintains development and includes new insights gained from particular experiences of faith throughout history, on the road towards the final, eschatological revelation. This account of revelation encourages Christians to rethink and experience again that God and human beings as well as time with eternity encounter one another within the Church.

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Рецензије и прикази

Author(s): Predrag Dragutinović,Aleksandar Đakovac,Nemanja Mrđenović,Mihailo Milenković / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2020

Luke Steven, Imitation, Knowledge, and the Task of Theology in Maximus the Confessor. Eugen, OR: Cascade Books 2019, 232 p. ISBN: 978-1532672798; Небојша Тумара, Свето тело и Свето Писмо: антрополошке претпоставке аскетског тумачења Светог Писма у рано рабинском јудаизму и раносиријском хришћанству. Београд: Православни богословски факултет, Библијски институт, 2020, 393 стр. ISBN 978-86-7405-226-6; Ненад Божовић, Владан Таталовић (прир.),Европа и хришћанске вредности: путеви библијске рецепције. Београд: Православни богословски факултет Универзитета, Библијски институт, Фондација Конрад Аденауер, Канцеларија за Србију, 2020,165 стр. ISBN 978-86-7405-225-9; Doru Costache, The Orthodox Spring: a diary. Sydney: AIOCS Press, 2020, 77 p. ISBN 978-0-6484401-2-3 (paperback), ISBN 978-0-6484401-3-0 (electronic edition); Modern and Ancient Literary Criticism of the Gospels. Continuing the Debate on Gospel Genre(s), eds. Robert Matthew Calhoun, David Moessner, Tobias Nicklas, WUNT 451. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2020, 560 p. ISBN 978-3-16-159413-7; Радомир Б. Ракић, Преводи Светога Писма кроз историју, Уџбеници и Приручници 3. Београд: Издавачка фондација Српске Православне Цркве Архиепископије Београдско-карловачке, 2020, 342 стр. ISBN 978-86-81410-13-14;

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Tekaful osiguranje u teoriji i praksi

Author(s): Ahmedin S. Lekpek,Semir Ibrović / Language(s): English,Serbian Issue: 1/2021

Islam attaches great importance to insurance, as an instrument of protection of the individual and the community, and considers it an indispensable element of the process of achieving socio-economic justice in society. Consequently, in the Islamic concept of insurance, the social component dominates over the commercial component. However, requirements of the modern environment have made it necessary to have Shariah-acceptable commercial insurance. Given that conventional insurance models are largely Shariah non-com- pliant, Takaful insurance has been developed to meet the needs of individuals and institutions that want to be insured in accordance with Shariah principles. In this paper, we will analyze the process of evolution of Takaful insurance, its types and models, perform a comparative analysis of Takaful and conventional insurance, reviewing arguments in favor of Shariah specific nature of conventional insurance, and finally, list the challenges of implementing Takaful insurance in practice.

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