SULTAN SULEJMANOVA DŽAMIJA U JAJCU OD OSNIVANJA (1528) DO DRUGOG SVJETSKOG RATA (1941)

Author(s): Elvir Duranović / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 41/2020

After the conquest of Jajce in 1528, by order of the Ottoman rule, the former Church of St. Mary was converted into a mosque which was named after the then sultan, namely Sultan Suleyman’s Mosque or the Emperor’s Mosque. Without referring to the pre-Ottoman period of the construction and activities of St. Mary’s Church for which our literature accumulated considerable material, this paper will focus on the period of the foundation of the mosque in 1528 until the beginning of the Second World War. Based on the archival material and published sources, this paper tries to explain why St. Mary’s Church had been converted into a mosque and how that had been done. More significant events from the history of the mosque are highligted, and also imams, hatibs, muezzins and other mosque officials are portrayed chronologically to the present day. Special attention is focused on the history of Sultan Sulayman’s Mosque in the 19th century when a fire broke out at the mosque, and it has never been restored to the present day. Referring to the sources from the archives of the Islamic Community in Bosnia and Herzegovina, the author has pointed to the causes of the fact that the mosque was not restored after the fire.

O IMENIMA I NAZIVLJU IZ ORIJENTALNO-ISLAMSKE KULTURE U BOSANSKOME PRAVOPISU

Author(s): Ismail Palić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 41/2020

Names and terminology from Oriental-Islamic spirituality and culture are an important layer of the lexicon of the Bosnian language to which users mostly build a special relationship. That is why orthographic standardization of such words is a very challenging and responsible task. The expectations are always different. In the case of the names and terminology discussed in this article, Muslim theologians, intellectuals, imams, etc. have the greatest influence and the most significant role. They must first of all understand that the vocabulary in question has ceased to be Arabic by the act of borrowing and has become Bosnian, falling that way under the normative ‘jurisdiction’ of the Bosnian language. Only by incorporating all such words into the appropriate Bosnian spelling categories we show that they are fully accepted and domesticated in the Bosnian language. Likewise, as we wander around choosing different ways of writing them (especially those that are foreign to the Bosnian language and spelling), we are actually showing that these words are still a ‘problem’ for us, even after centuries of their presence in the Bosnian language. In doing so, one should know that every battle against natural laws, including linguistic ones, is lost in advance.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF MUSLIM NATION IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA

Author(s): Danuta Gibas-Krzak / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

The main goal of this article is to show the conditions and circumstances of the formation of Muslim nation in communist Yugoslavia and the increase of its significance during and after the civil war 1992-1995. Furthermore, author presents the characteristics of contemporary nationalism, and distinguishes specific Balkan nationalism, which is often chauvinistic, ahistorical, militant and exclusive, of ethnocultural character. The identity of Bosnian Muslims originated from belief that their origin, language and culture related to Bosnia and Herzegovina, which makes them different from the Turks and other Islamic nations living in the Ottoman Empire. The genesis of forming Muslim nation in Yugoslavia is interpreted in various ways by the researchers. There is a hypothesis that it has been developed thanks to activity of young people who convinced Josip Broz Tito that such decision would reduce tensions between the Serbs and Croats in Bosnia and Herzegovina. According to the Author, Muslim inhabitants of Bosnia and Herzegovina can’t be a separate nation, above all, since the followers of Islam were nationally indifferent, and their cultural legacy is completely different than Serbian and Croatian legacy.

ISLAMIC STATE AND JIHADIST MEDIA STRATEGIES IN THE POST-SOVIET REGION

Author(s): Ian MacWilliam / Language(s): English Issue: 9/2020

The Syrian war is the first of the modern Islamist “jihad” conflicts to have attracted large numbers of recruits from Central Asia and the post-Soviet region. Some 9,000 men and women from the post-Soviet republics travelled to Syria, including 4,000-7,000 Central Asians, many of them recruited in Russia. Why did the Islamic State’s caliphate attract such large numbers? Information manipulation was central to IS strategic planning and a primary factor in its unprecedented global recruiting success. IS produced Russian-language media content to build support among post-Soviet Muslims. At the same time, emerging communications networks are building ties between “Russianspeaking” Muslims and the Middle East. Jihadist media engagement in Russian and in Central Asian languages, exploiting these new networks, was a key factor in attracting Central Asians to support the caliphate.

O POKUŠAJIMA DONOŠENJA USTAVA ISLAMSKE VJERSKE ZAJEDNICE U NEZAVISNOJ DRŽAVI HRVATSKOJ

Author(s): Zlatko Hasanbegović / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1/2001

The issue of the constitutional organization of the Islamic religious and charitable foundation in Bosnia and Hercegovina became critical to the Muslim community beginning in 1878. Islamic faith was the cornerstone of society, culture and national identity. The traditional distinction between religious and secular authority, represented by the reis ul ulema (head of the religious community) on the one hand and political parties on the other became muddled by the laicization of Islamic religious institutions following the promulgation of the constitution of the Community of Islamic Faith in 1936. The majority of ulemas resisted this reorganization, displeased by their loss of influence in religious and charitable work. In the months following the establishment of the Independent State of Croatia, the Bosnian-Herzegovinian Muslims who had the greatest influence on the government were those who were outspoken opponents of the Yugoslav Muslim Organization and its interference in the affairs of the Community of Islamic Faith. Even though they had no say in political affairs, the fact that individuals previously belonging to the Yugoslav Muslim Organization, led by Dzaferbeg Kulenović, were well-positioned in the administration of the Community of Islamic Faith, meant that they could raise issues which rendered a solution to the ongoing constitutional wrangling in Islamic religious and charitable organizations impossible.

Хамзевийская и хуруфитская ересь в Босни как реакция на политический кризис Оттоманской империи во второй половине XVI столетия

Author(s): Slobodan Ilić / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1-2/2000

MUSLIM WOMEN UNDER SOVIET RULE IN CENTRAL ASIA (TURKISTAN): SOVIET GENDER PRACTICE

Author(s): Y. Omarbayev,Tursun Khazretali,E. Zulpikharova,Zh. Kumganbayev / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2020

After the October revolution of 1917, the lifestyle of Muslim women in Central Asia changed dramatically. This was due to the gender policy of the Bolsheviks. This study analyzes the Soviet Central Asia from a historical perspective to understand the impact of the Soviet regime on Muslim women’s lifestyles. It specifically focuses on the underlying reasons of laws and policies put into effect by the Soviet officials in the name of emancipating Muslim women in Central Asia. The main argument of the study is that even though the Soviet officials had a genuine intention for the emancipation of Central Asian women from the patriarchal structure both in the public and private spheres of life, the policies and their implementations were shaped in accordance with the basic motive of the regime to survive. In the first years of the Soviet regime, mostly ideological intentions shaped the women’s emancipation project.

Исламский и тюркский факторы в нацистской пропаганде на оккупированной территории России (1941–1944 годы)

Author(s): Boris Nikolaevich Kovalev,Kiril Feferman / Language(s): Russian Issue: 31/2020

The article deals with several topics raised in Nazi Germany’s propaganda about Islamic and Turkic issues directed at the population of occupied northwest territories in 1941–1944. The article analyzes newspapers published by the occupation administration in this region, as well as the published secondary sources. On the face of it, these topics were of little interest to local readers, yet they occupied a sizable place among topics handled by the media run by the occupation regime. A special emphasis was laid on familiarizing readers with conditions of Islam in the Crimea, the only Soviet area with a sizable Muslim population that was occupied by Germany. The region was showcased by Nazi Islamic-themed propaganda. In addition, propaganda also dealt with “unbearable” conditions of Muslims in the Soviet hinterland (Central Asia), and pan-Islamic issues, such as the activities of the Grand Mufti of Jerusalem, Hadj Amin al-Husseini. One idea ran through all these themes: the natural support of Islam and Muslims for Nazi Germany, and the equally natural antagonism between Islam/Muslims and the Soviet state. German propaganda also put a premium on the Turkic factor by emphasizing the role played by Turkey, a country spiritually close both to Germany and Soviet Muslims of Turkic descent.

Zeki Nedžib Mahmud i savremeni arabizam

Author(s): Orhan Bajraktarević / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 24/2020

Zaki Naguib Mahmoud is one of the most prominent thinkers and philosophers of contemporary Arab thought, modern Arab philosophy, culture, art, literature and literary-artistic journalism of the modern Arab and Muslim world. Understanding the conflicting relationship of past and present in the Arabs of today, the relationship of the modern Arab-Islamic East and the European West, in the broadest sense of the word: with all it implies in science, philosophy, art, religion, literature, culture, etc. represent Mahmoud's dominant topics and great thought projects for which he has always been inescapable in the considerations of Arab modernity, Arab culture and Arab society as a whole today.

Ontogeneza glavnog junaka u Ibn Ṭufaylovom Ḥayy ibn Yaqẓānu

Author(s): Samedin Kadić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 24/2020

This text presents the development of the main character in the work Ḥayy ibn Yaqẓān from his birth, through the processes of learning and (self)cognition, to his encounter with civilization. The text examines the possibilities of Islamic anthropology within the frame of the mentioned development. In order to confirm the premise that all people are by nature good and, therefore, believers, Ibn Ṭufayl decides to make an experiment of isolated fiṭrah in the natural environment in order to protect it from any cultural influence. The isolation is radical. Ḥayy is no genius, he is an ordinary man. His faith is preserved fiṭrah. Religion, on the other hand, is a routinized faith. Religion, as an immanent social phenomenon, has the potential to corrupt faith, because culture distorts the fiṭrah. Hence, Ibn Ṭufayl’s text reveals some of the most intrinsic tensions of the muwaḥḥidūn project itself: the fear of trivializing and deforming living faith in a social conglomerate of various religious forms.

Društvena pravda u islamu Sejjida Qutba

Author(s): Džemal Latić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 23/2019

The twentieth century, during which at least two “nights of Islam” occurred (the fall of the Ottoman Empire and the Caliphate in 1924 and the formation of the Zionist state on the soil of Palestine in 1948 along with a series of other “nights” throughout the Muslim world), brought a new understanding of the Qur’an that is particularly focused on that layer of the Text that deals with the repair and renewal (ar. Islāh) of Muslim societies and states. Until then, well-neglected for centuries, the social (al-ijtima’iyy), then the political (siyasi) tafsir gained momentum in the middle of the last century, a momentum which is still maintained. A kind of cornerstone of this tafsir in modern times was laid by Sayyid Qutb (1906-1966), an Egyptian writer, literary critic, reformer and mufassir, and his work Al-’Adala al-ijtima’iyya fi’l-Islam (Social justice in Islam). This work not only revealed to the humiliated Muslim humanity the Qur’anic layers concerning society and organization of the state, but also encouraged a new paradigm in the understanding of the Qur’an. “Without a doubt, Qutb’s Social Justice is the main work that most influenced the generations of Arab-Muslim intelligentsia in the post-World War II period” (Ibrahim M. Abu-Rabi’). (...)

Džabirijeva hermeneutika: - Epistemološko čitanje Ibn Rušdova teksta

Author(s): Orhan Bajraktarević / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 22/2018

Epistemology is a theory of sciences, their methods and systematization. This is not a text about epistemology, its sources, meanings, texts and contexts, but about the scope and frontiers of this term in Jābiriʼs epistemological reading of Ibn Rushdʼs philosophy. This text also discusses its role as an essential aspect of Neo-Arabic tradition and culture in our time. In Jābiriʼs view there is a special linguistic system in Arabic-Islamic philosophy known as bayān. In the formative phase of Islam (ʽaṣr tadwīn) this linguistic system spread to all sciences and disciplines such as grammar, law, theology, language and style. In this context, Jābiri thinks that all the questions, areas, themes and subjects of Ibn Rushdʼs text may be reduced to forms and figures in the complex relationship between philosophy and religion: the purpose of the commentaries and summaries of Aristotleʼs works was to bring Aristotle and philosophy closer to the mentality and understanding of the Arabic-Muslim public opinion.

FUʼĀD ZAKARIYYĀ I NJEGOVO KRITIČKO MIŠLJENJE

Author(s): Enes Karić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 21/2017

This essay addresses the main theses in the book Myth and Reality in Contemporary Islamist Thought by the Egyptian philosopher Fuʼād Zakariyyāʼ (1927-2010). A follower of a critical school of thought, Zakariyyāʼ examines the impact of modern governmental and ideological (ab)uses of Islam, sharīʻa, and state adoption of sharīʻa. In his view, faith in God is primarily a moral vocation, so that sharīʻa and the body of sharīʻa law that later developed from the sources of Islam comprise a set of moral and ethical rules for individuals to follow, but without state sanction. He argues that Muslims should rely on contemporary developments, the product of intellect and reason, in organizing their governments and societies. Zakariyyāʼ advocates reading the major source texts of Islam in a dialectical relationship with the conditions of life in which human societies actually subsist.

“DRUŠTVENA PRAVDA U ISLAMU” SEJJIDA QUTBA

Author(s): Džemal Latić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 18/2014

The twentieth century, during which occurred at least two “Nights of Islam” (the fall of the Ottoman Empire and the Caliphate in 1924, and the establishment of the Zionist state on the ground of Plaestine 1948), has brought a new reading / understanding of the Qur'an, which is now, along with a number of other “nights” in the Muslim world, focused on one of its layers that deals with the improvement, renewal (ar. Islah) of Muslim societies and states. After having been pretty much neglected for centuries, social (al-ijtima'iyy), but later also political (siyasi) tafsir was experiencing its revival in the mid 20th century, a still ongoing trend. A kind of foundation stone to this tafsir (Qur'anic commentary) in modern times was laid by Sayyid Qutb (1906th – 1966th), an Egyptian writer, literary critic, reformer and mufassir (interpreter of the Qur'an), and his work Al- Adala al-Ijtima'iyya fi'l-Islam (Social Justice in Islam) has not only revealed the Quranic layers that concern society and organization of the state to the humiliated Muslim population, but also encouraged a new paradigm in understanding the Qur'an. “Qutb's Social Justice is undoubtedly a major work that has affected the generations of Arab-Muslim intelligentsia in the period after the World War II” (Ibrahim M. Abu-Rabi '). The main principes of Islamic justice, according to Qutb, are: 1) the absolute freedom of conscience, 2) the complete equality of all people, 3) the permanent mutual solidarity of all members of society.

BIO-BIBLIOGRAFIJA MUHAMMEDA IQBALA

Author(s): Amrudin Hajrić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 17/2013

Muhammad Iqbal (1877-1938) is one of the most brilliant minds that have emerged in the modern East. He wrote some of the best poems in the Urdu and Persian languages expressing in them a unique worldview that combines matter and spirit and providing an opinion on political issues of far-reaching significance. The message and insights that Iqbal offered in his works are as relevant today as they were at his time. This work is actually a reference on his life and his most important works, and also treats his political activities which have resulted in separating Pakistan from India and led to its independence. That is why Iqbal’s birthday is now celebrated as a National holiday in Pakistan.

IKBAL I NEKI NJEGOVI ISTAKNUTI INDIJSKI PRETHODNICI

Author(s): Jusuf Ramić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 17/2013

Islam was introduced to the Indian subcontinent at the end of the first Hijra century. The population of the subcontinent accepted Islam whose teachings were simple and affordable for the masses. Muslims were in power until the arrival of English colonialism, when that power has been lost. At the end of English colonialism, Muslims have emphasized two requirements. The first requirement relates to the realization of the idea of Muhammad Iqbal on the creation of a separate state for Muslims in those provinces where they were more numerous than Hindus. Then, in 1947 the Islamic Republic of Pakistan was created with its two parts: East and West Pakistan. Another request was made for those Muslims who still wanted to live within the Indian community to be allowed to spread Islam among the many ethnic groups of India. It was their choice because they thought that the displacement of the population, in fact, was running away. Today in India among Hindus live about a hundred million Muslims.

STAVOVI ULEME O ŠERIJATSKOPRAVNOM STATUSU BOSNE I HERCEGOVINE POD AUSTROUGARSKOM UPRAVOM

Author(s): Mustafa Hasani / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 16/2012

This paper aims to present the views of the Bosnian ulama about one of the biggest challenges facing the Bosniaks in their history in this area. This is an issue of migration or Hijra of Bosniaks from Bosnia at the time of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The issue of migration of that time reveals a number of Bosniaks‟ dilemmas about their identity, homeland, relations between Sarajevo and Istanbul, to remain here or to leave, to fight or to accept imposed solutions, etc. The paper will also reveal the views or fatwas of the scholars outside Bosnia and Herzegovina, the official Istanbul, i.e. those who justified migration and those who did not. Different views on the same issue suggests the complexity of the then overall situation, different interests that intertwined over Bosnia and Bosnians, political un/orientation in the mirror of questioning Bosniak national identity, etc. The work also shows how Bosnian ulama responsibly and wisely responded to social challenge and offered appropriate solutions

EL-KURTUBI - SLAVNI ANDALUZIJSKI MUFESSIR

Author(s): Dževad Šošić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 15/2011

A prominent Andalusian scholar Abu Abdullah Muhammad b. Ahmad al-Qurtubi, a member of Maliki Law School, made a significant contribution to the development of various Islamic sciences, particularly the development of Qur'anic exegesis. His work Al-Jaami' li ahkam al-Qur'an, written in more than twenty volumes, is considered to be one of the most valuable achievements of Qur'an interpretations.

STO GODINA SAMOĆE: MUSLIMANI ENDELUSA 1492.-1614. GODINE

Author(s): Ahmet Alibašić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 15/2011

This article discusses the last chapter of nine centuries-long Muslim history on the Iberian Peninsula, which ended by the expulsion of some three hundred thousand Muslims 1609-1614. In the time of renewed debates about which religion is 'domestic' in Europe and which one is the 'guest', the research in this episode of failed coexistence of Christians and Muslims on European soil has not only historical but also a cultural significance for our time.

MUSLIMANSKA ŠPANIJA NA TRISTOTRIDESET STRANICA

Author(s): Asim Zubčević / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 15/2011

Review of: Asim Zubčević - Clot, Andre. Muslimanska Španija: 800 godina islamske civilizacije u El-Endeluzu. Preveo Vahidin Preljević, Sarajevo: Libris, 2009./1430., str. 327.