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الفضائل الأخلاقية في الشعر العربي الجاهلي

Author(s): Tamim FAKHOURY / Language(s): Arabic Issue: 19/2020

The old Arabic Poetry depicted the life and the various conditions of the people of the age. It conveyed their sensibilities, morals and customs. In this research, I will observe and classify the virtues and the high moral values in that poetry. This is a research that does not go beyond the divans of Al-Muallaqat poets for reasons of not going beyond the limited range of the study. It turns out that about fourteen moral behaviors or ethics were regarded as ideals in that society: Generosity, courage, prompt response to the distressed, protecting the one who seeks out safety, keeping good relations with relatives, taking care of the neighbors, faithfulness, chastity, pride, discretion, truthfulness, mercy and justice, patience and prudence. These are ethics which may have other subdivisions if a researcher seeks to investigate the subject more. I have adopted the method of defining every moral behavior and every ethic and have provided an adequate account of its meaning and of its intended design, using the dictionaries of the language and other sufficient idiomatic dictionaries related to philosophy, literature and Arabic criticism. Two or three lines of relevant poetry have been included in each paragraph to complete the making of a general perception of every ethic and of its application in the Arabs's lives through poetry.

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المتطلبات التربوية اللازمة لتجديد الخطاب الديني

Author(s): Abdulfettah Ahmed Shehata / Language(s): Arabic Issue: 22/2018

Contemporary orientations in the renewal of religious discourse are based on several basic prerequisites. Namely, it is necessary for the persons engaged in the renewal of religious discourse to possess the ability to reason freely (ijtihād) and work creatively, to be moderate in thought, to accept the other and the different, to be ready for coexistence in good will and respect, without hurting others’ feelings, thoughts and directions, to be capable of conducting meaningful dialogue which seeks to overcome rational logic and to accept its outcome. Pedagogical prerequisites for the renewal of religious discourse also include: preparing missionaries (dāʽīs), equipping them scientifically and educationally with what is in accordance with their responsibility for religious discourse, attaining a comprehensive excellence in higher education at universities which are concerned with religious discourse. The article offers a detailed exposition of the aforementioned prerequisites.

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المواطنة العالمية من منظور تربوي إسلامي

Author(s): Mohammad Jaber Thalgi / Language(s): Turkish,Arabic Issue: 2/2019

This article aims to demonstrate the Islamic educational outlook of global citizenship through explaining its concept, rules, needs, values and behavioral principles. This is done by extrapolating the texts of Qur'an and Sunnah; studying the educational scientists’ opinions; and the global experiences in this field. This article’s findings show that there is a need to strengthen the values and behaviors of global citizenship in the Islamic education curriculum of, while, at the same time, adhering to the contractual, legal and ethical rules. The findings show that, in general terms, the principles of global citizenship, are in line with the texts of Qur'an and Sunnah and the views of the educational scholars. Based on these principles, this article suggests topics to be included in the outputs of the Islamic education courses. From an Islamic perspective, the practical areas of global citizenship education begin with the philosophy of education and its general objectives and, then, they outline the curricula. These goals turn into knowledge, practices and trends that learners acquire through textbooks, events and activities in the school environment.

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بناء مقياس لمعرفة الميول المذهبيّة وتطبيقه

Author(s): Mohammad Jaber Thalgi / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 53/2020

This study aimed to construct and apply a scale to measure the doctrinal trends of a sample of Yarmouk University students, by using well-known doctrinal issues in purity and prayer topics from the four Islamic Sunni jurisprudence doctrines, namely, Ḥanafī, Mālikī, Shāfiīʿ, and Ḥanbalī. The study adopted an inductive method to select the jurisprudential issues and analytical descriptive methodology and used the questionnaire as a method to build the syllabus and apply it to the sample. The results of the study show that there are doctrinal distinctions between the students based on their home countries and regions. The results show, also, that most students mix more than one doctrine in their application of purity and prayer. More specifically, the results show that Jordanian students tend to use two doctrines, namely, Ḥanbalī and Shāfiīʿ; the Turkish students tend to follow two doctrines, namely, Ḥanafī and Shāfiīʿ; and Chinese students turn to three doctrines, namely, Ḥanafī, Shāfiīʿ, and Ḥanbalī. In South African countries, students turn to Shāfiīʿ in most cases and, then, Mālikī and Ḥanbalī in some cases. Thai and Malaysian students prefer Shāfiīʿ in most cases.

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بين عالمية القرآن والقول بتاريخانيته: دراسة في نوع المكي والمدني من خلال كتاب الإتقان للسيوطي

Author(s): Monjed Ahmad / Language(s): Arabic Issue: 2/2021

This study is an analysis of the first type in al-Suyūtī’s book of al-Itqan fi 'Ulūm al-Qur'an (in Ma‘rifah al-Makkī and al-Madanī [The knowledge of alMakkī and al-Madanī]). The chapter in question includes the analysis of what is said on the division of verses in terms of time and place of revelation. Abū lQāsim al-Hassan bin Muhammad al- Nīsābūrī, divided them into twenty five types in his book at-Tanbīh 'alā Fadhli 'Ulum al-Qur'an [The virtues of the knowledge of the Quran]. He mentions that this knowledge is among the most honorable sciences of the Holy Qur’an, and a condition for approaching the interpretation. He supported this opinion in al-Itqān dealing with them under separate chapters, which is something that is critiqued by some scholars. While some scholars abstained, a group described it as exaggeration, and according to others it opens the doors of doubts. One of the most important of these doubts is the discourse on the historicity of Qur’an. Much of what was mentioned in al-Makkī and al-Madanī genres helped many orientalists and modernists in their denial of its validity for every time and place. This study is a discussion of the most important opinions on this subject and offers a resolution and responses to the critiques. It also proposes a method to approach alMakkī and al-Madanī verses and contribute to end any doubts.

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تأمالت في المناسبات ودراسة تطبيقية من القرآن الكريم

Author(s): Muhammed Aydın / Language(s): Arabic Issue: 17/2008

Bu çalışmada Kur’an ilimleri arasında yer alan “münasebet ilmi” tanıtılmaya çalışılmaktadır. Makalede münasebet ilminin önemi ve faydaları belirtildikten sonra İslam alimlerinin bu ilim hakkındaki olumlu veya olumsuz görüşlerine ve bu ilim çerçevesinde Kur’an’ın daha iyi anlaşılmasına yönelik olarak ortaya konulan temel kaidelere yer verilmiştir. Daha sonra ayetler arasındaki münasebet, ayet içi münasebet, surelerin başları ve sonları arasındaki münasebet vb. konular, Razî ve Ebu Hayyan gibi bu ilmin otoriteleri sayılan müfessirlerin eserlerinden örnekler seçilerek açıklanmaya ve bu bağlamda konunun Kur’an’ın anlaşılması noktasındaki rolüne vurgu yapılmaya çalışılmıştır.

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تحقيق (( رسالة حبل الله المتين في عقيدة الشيخ الأكبر محيي الدين)) لحسين بن طعمة البيتماني

Author(s): Halil İbrahim DELEN,İyat ERBAKAN / Language(s): Arabic Issue: 1/2019

Abd al-Ghanī ibn Ismāʻīl al-Nāblusī who is a strict follower of Ibn al-Arabī, is accepted as one of the leading sufis of his time. The treatise “Risāla Ḥablullah al-Metîn fī Akīde eš- Šayḫ al-Ekber Muḥyī l-Dīn” -which was written by one of his students- shows the position of a significant sufi movement in Damascus gathered around the views of Ibn al-Arabī in the 18th century. It is understood from the beginning of the risalah that Nâblusî had a special lecture circle in Damascus in order to teach theological views of Ibn al-Arabī. In this circle, Ibn al-Arabī’s views were read and tried to be proved as they are appropriate to Sharia’h. This shows us the most important feature of sufi environment in Damascus at that time; that al-tariqah and al-sharia’h were taken together, in other words they were compromised. For this reason, in Sufi environments of Damascus we cannot witness rituals / practices which appeared in other sufi movements. The fact that the author criticizes behaviours of some sufis of his time -which they exhibited with the aim of reaching Allah although they contradict to Sharia’h- also confirms this situation. Due to this sensitivity, when he was asked about his opinion, he was attentive to evidence it with the verses of Quran and narrations of Prophet (pbuh), to present his loyalty to Islamic legal texts. The author who was one of the significant sheikhs of Damascus, wrote the aforementioned manuscript-as he also stated at the beginning- in order to correct misperceptions, to teach his disciples authentic knowledge about faith before they take sufi training and to express the true belief sytem of sufis in the light of evidences. We understand that he recommends his disciples to reach the khawas rank which Ibn al-Arabī reached, to be able to divide the faith of awam (commons) and khawas (exclusives). The author emphasizes the importance of conversation with righteous believers in order to settle true principles of faith in the hearts of disciples and explain the truth in the face of their troublesome situations and discourses. After applying the true faith, the author concludes his treatise by mentioning righteous deeds which a sufi disciple needs, by documenting them with the verses and ahadith.

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تخيير الطفل بين أبويه عند انتهاء الحضانة في الفقه الإسلامي

Author(s): Baha Eddin Aljasem / Language(s): Arabic Issue: 1/2021

One of the most important rights of the child organized by Islamic law is the right of custody, and the performance of this right is shared between the spouses in the event of marriage. But if the marriage ends and the family contact is dissolved, the first to take custody of the child is his mother, unless there is an emergency that her right to so is waived. If the custody period ends, the rivalry between the parents intensifies, both of which want to take the child to his side. Then who decides the fate of the child in this period and does his choice have a role in resolving the dispute. And what if he chooses him together or the child chooses someone else or refrain from the child's choice to keep the child with him. This research comes to answer these and other questions? by speaking briefly about the legality of custody and it's general principles. And then the scholar sayings that the child has the right to choose between his parents at the end of custody period, to give their evidence, to discuss them, to weigh these statements, and to make a statement that is applicable in most famous personal status laws in the Arab countries.

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تطور اللغة وأثره في القرآن الكريم

Author(s): Hasan Akreş / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 29/2014

The development in a language is like the development and change in any object. It is inevitable matter. Simply the development in a language is mainly effected its sounds and the cocepts of the sounds. On the other hand the changes can effected the meaning of the words all these changes is results and effected with peoples way of live. Modern linguistic research has shown that languages a mandatory process of development and change. The protection of a language can not stop its development, because these changes is not coming by chance or by peoples efforts but actually these are realized as mandatory in languages progress. This changement covers all language’s items, but mostly effected its sounds and the concept of sounds. The changement and development in Arabic is slowly than other languages because arabic is protected by Allah and this is because its relations with Quran.

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تغيير السلوك عند الغزالي من منظور علم النفس التربوي

Author(s): Yusuf Aydin / Language(s): Arabic Issue: 1/2015

The essence of education is a process of changing the human behavior and making that anyone always needs to change any behavior forwards and being better. And the thing that according to them he could have positive behavior styles or negative ones. Though he makes mistakes naturally and being wrong sometimes. The Prophet Muhammad said that everyone sometimes is wrong and the best doers for wrong who ask Allah’s forgiveness. This survey has an approach about changing the human behaviours from Abu Hamed Al-Ghazali’s point of view. Also, it includes his way of thinking by focusing on his view in changing human behaviours from educational psychology too.

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جاحلا وبأ ملاس دمحم حلاص

Author(s): Salah Mohamed Salem / Language(s): Arabic Issue: 32/2015

I have differentiated between "Alekhtalaf jurisprudence", "Alkhelaf jurisprudence" and "Comparative jurisprudence" in terms of definition and upbringing. I mentioned the most benefits to the study of the differences between scholars. I showed six approaches to the formation in the jurisprudence of difference with the representation by a book and an issue in "Alkhelaf jurisprudence". Then I reported an approach in "Alkhelaf jurisprudence", and four approaches in "Comparative jurisprudence" to show the student how authoring is clear between the foregoings and contemporaneouses.

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جهود المشيخة الإسلامية في البوسنة والهرسك في الوقاية من التطرف العنيف: المبادئ العقدية الفقهية والقيمية للوسطية الإسلامية في مواجهة ظاهرة التطرف العنيف

Author(s): Senad Ćeman,Muhamed Jusić / Language(s): Arabic Issue: 24/2020

This text discusses the role of the Islamic Community of Bosnia and Herzegovina in the prevention of violent extremism from the position of theologico-legal and value principles of Islamic moderation – wasatiyya. The paper discusses the return of/to religiosity in the post-socialist context and the challenge of violent extremism along with the response of the Islamic Community of Bosnia and Herzegovina thereto, primarily through the activities of the Center for Dialogue – Wasatiyya. The paper presents the basic principles of moderation in the prevention of violent extremism. The paper deals with defining what moderate Muslims and extremists do, points out the reasons that benefit the emergence of extremism and offers an answer to the question of prevention of violent extremism through moderation.

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جهود المغاربة لمساندة مسلمي دولة بالبوسنة والهرسك

Author(s): Y. Younes Al Azzouzi,Khaled Al Samadi,Al-Saeed Al-Zahiri / Language(s): Arabic Issue: 83/2020

This study analyzes historic relations between Morocco and Bosnia and Herzegovina which have their roots in the Ottoman era, and continues to the present day, as available documents and correspondences between the sultans of the Distant Maghreb and the rulers and leaders of respective Balkan countries, since the sixteenth century, testify. These documents also bear evidence of, apart from some interruptions that were results of misunderstandings or intrigues, peaceful and respectful cooperation between these countries. Although the nature of these relations was primarily political and economic, it also included other fields of collaboration with the Muslim countries like scientific, educational, religious and so on which last to the present day. To illustrate the continuity of these relations, this article attempts to identify the most significant scientific, educational and religious influences of Morocco in Bosnia and Herzegovina and the positive effects thereof in weaving the relationship of friendship, mutual respect and cooperation between the Muslims of the two countries. All the Moroccans – the king, the government and its people likewise showed solidarity and support for Muslim brothers during the aggression on Bosnia and Herzegovina (1992-1995). Moreover, Morocco was very actively engaged, on multiple levels: local, national as well as international, in condemning this aggression, protesting against the arrogance of the aggressors and seeking the ways to find the justice for those that were deprived of their rights as result of this aggression. This study also deals with a continuous effort of Morocco in development of Islamic studies and religious education in our country during period after the end of the last war. Common scientific, educational and religious interest of groups of researchers, institutes and universities of the two countries resulted in organizing of numerous courses throughout Bosnia and Herzegovina and other Balkan countries. All in all, Moroccan-Bosnian relations are continuous and long lasting and historic, framed by the common faith and common scientific interests regardless of differences of ethnic and geographical nature.

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حق التصرف بالأراضي الأميرية

Author(s): Mahmoud Saadeddin Shaban / Language(s): Arabic Issue: 1/2019

That the right to disposition is a major issue of the Royal Land, Since the form of the right of disposal is different from the other contract; The fuqaha 'differed in its description, And tried hard to explain its provisions. And that the princely lands are linked to the laws issued by the Sultan; There have been changes to the right of disposition as time progresses, This opens the way for the search for the relationship between the tenant and the public treasury, And the characterization of this contract between the two parties, From birth to the laws of the last sultans.

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حياة ابن الجوزي و منهجه في التفسير من خلال زاد المسير

Author(s): Mehmet KILIÇARSLAN / Language(s): Arabic Issue: 2/2016

İbnu’l-Cevzî, tefsir, tefsir usulü, hadis, fıkıh, kelâm, akaid, ahlak, tarih gibi bütün ilim dallarında eserler kaleme almış; eserleri, sonradan yazılan kitaplara içerik ve usul bakımından örneklik etmiş, taassuptan ve tarafgirlikten uzak, aklî ve naklî deliller ışığında konuları irdeleyen mutedil bir âlimdir. Onun te’lifâtına müracaat eden her araştırmacı, engin bir ilim deryasına dalacak, bir usulcünün sistematiğini, muhaddisin tenkitçiliğini, fıkıhçının mudakkikliğini, kelamcının felsefî yaklaşımını, tarihçinin nesnelliğini müşahede edecek; zihninde yeni ufukların oluşmasına zemin hazırlayacaktır. İbnu’l-Cevzî, her şeyden önce bir müfessirdir ve en meşhur olduğu alan tefsirdir. Bu makalede hayatının kısa bir özetini verildikten sonra, değerli eseri Zâdu’l-Mesîr bağlamında genel hatlarıyla tefsir metodunu ortaya konulmaya çalışılacaktır.

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دراسة وتحقيق لـ"تحفة الأفاضل في صناعة الفاضل" لرضي الدين ابن الحنبلي

Author(s): Ömer ELBEYLİ / Language(s): Arabic Issue: 2/2019

This article includes the edition critique of a treatise, attributed to Celâlzâde Mustafa Çelebi (975/ 1567) who is the most famous head scribe and the sealer (nişancı) in Imperial Council (Divan-ı Humayun) and written by Radıyyüddin İbnü’l- Hanbelî (971/ 1563), who is a well-known scholar in Aleppo at the times of Suleiman the Magnificent which is the most powerful period of the Ottoman Empire in Aleppo. This work, written in the disciplines of inshâ and secretaryship, is an important work which shall have a place in literature. There are many factors making this work significant. At the head of these factors, there comes the fact that it is written by a great scholar of language and history, who is a member of a family famous for these two disciplines. Another factor making the work essential is the fact that it is attributed to the most reputed head scribe and the sealer of the era of Suleiman the Lawgiver, apex of the Ottoman Empire. Moreover, Celâlzâde Mustafa Çelebi had undertaken the most important role for Suleiman’s earning the epithet the Lawgiver. It is possible to divide the work under three main headings. Under the first heading, the author gives detailed information and examples about the areas that secretaries should be proficient in, such as the Glorious Qur’an, the prophetic sayings, the language and the poetry. After the second section, in which important information and true stories about the merits and the superiority of secretaries are given, in the third section, a one verse poem praising Celâlzade Mustafa Çelebi, including his name, is veiled with an acrostic style in a long ode’s first letters. On the last page of the treatise, this poem is clearly written and it is stated that the works is copied by the author’s father in Edirne.

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ظاهرة الإعراب في تفسيري البيضاوي ولطف اللّه الأرضرومي

Author(s): Mohammad Jaber Thalgi / Language(s): Arabic Issue: 2/2019

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عقود الصرف اآلجلة وعقود مبادلة العمالت )Swap - Forward )وبدائلها الشرعية

Author(s): Zeynelabidin Hayat / Language(s): Arabic Issue: 3/2021

The paper deals with Forward exchange contracts and Swap exchange contracts, These two types of contracts are among the most prominent types of financial derivative contracts that arose after the collapse of the Bretton Woods system in 1971 or the so-called Nixon shock, where the convertibility of the dollar into gold was stoped, which led to turmoil in the exchange rates of the currencies of many countries and the emergence of the need to stabilize the exchange rate Currencies in transactions where the delivery of the two exchanges is delayed. This research has studied forward exchange contracts and swap exchange contracts in four sections. The first section defines the Forward exchange contract, which is a contract in which the two parties commit to exchange a specified amount of foreign currencies on a forward date, at a price agreed upon in advance. The elements and elements that must be mentioned in this contract, such as the seller and buyer, the size of the contract, the date of delivery and the forward exchange rate, were mentioned in this section, with an illustrative example of the mechanism of conducting this contract. In addition to addressing the differences between forward exchange contracts and future exchange contracts, the characteristics of forward exchange contracts and the purposes of those dealing with them from hedging and speculation are mentioned in this section. The second section has been devoted to the definition of swap exchange contracts, it is for the two parties to the contract to agree that one of them buys from the other a specific amount of a currency in exchange for a specific amount of another currency and at the current exchange rate, provided that the two exchanges are delivered immediately, and in the same contract, the two parties agree to make a forward reverse exchange contract, at a price determined within Contract, and to clarify the picture of swap exchange contracts, an example has been given to illustrate the mechanism for conducting this type of contract. In the third section, the views of contemporaries scholars regarding the İslamic law of the forward exchange contract were discussed, where the opinion of the objectors was mentioned at all and the evidence they inferred from it. And then the opinion of those who advocate the permissibility of forward exchange contracts that are in the form of a dating that is not binding on both parties together, provided that there is nothing in the dating that indicates that it is a contract of sale and provided that a new contract is delivered independent of the dating. Then I discussed the opinion and evidence of the impediments in four points, and I concluded that the most correct opinion at the first is the impermissibility of the forward exchange contract in the form such as the traditional banks do it because of the deception it contains. But I recanted and permitted this type of contract in two cases, the first: the case of need with the absence of an alternative, and the second: the case that transaction is not binding dating for both parties and on some terms. Some contemporary scholars suggested conducting buying and selling operations in the same currency as an alternative to forward exchange contracts, and some of them suggested that Islamic banks should have a common unit of account to settle accounts between the parties to commercial transactions. But in my opinion two solutions are often not feasible. As for the fourth section, I dealt with the opinions of contemporary scholars in the swap exchange contract. it seems likely to me that swap currency exchange contracts are nothing but a usurious loan that is prohibited by Sharia. Because when examining the mechanism of conducting this type of contract, it turns out that one of the parties lent the other an amount in one currency in exchange for the other lending him an amount in another currency under the name of the spot exchange contract. Since one of the two parties requires the other to increase what he lent - if the exchange rate of the Forward exchange contract is different from the Spot exchange rate, which is predominant - under the name of the Forward exchange contract, then this process is nothing but a usurious loan. I supported the proposal to exchange loans in different currencies as a İslamic alternative to transaction contracts, provided that there is no preference for one party over another, and there is no usurious increase. And in order to solve the problem of the high rate of currency inflation of one of the two loans more than the other, the researcher suggested adding the inflation rate to the two loans when they are performed.

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علاقة القرآن بالشعر

Author(s): Halim Öznurhan / Language(s): Arabic Issue: 27/2013

The relation of poetry with Qur’an has been the matter for discussion since the Qur’an came. The verses of Qur’an have stressed that Qur’an is not a poem and the prophet is not a poet. Due to the opinions of Arabs about pre-Islamıc beliefs and the characters of the poets in this era, the poets in these verses are mentioned as negative. Only in the Surah of al- Shu‘arâ, there is an exception that the poets who believe and behave in a right way have been exempted. When the prophet is alive, poets read poems and then there has been a change in the topics of poetry due to the effects of Qur’an, and the poets who are inspired by Qur’an expressed their beliefs in their poems.

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لطف الله أفندي الأرضرومي محدثا ومنهجه في عرض مروياته في تفسيره

Author(s): Fuat Karabulut,Mücahit ELHUT / Language(s): Arabic Issue: 51/2019

Almost all of the recently written tafsirs include both the reporting (riwayah) and wisdom (dirayah) scholarships. In these circumstances, even if the authors for testament have a different position among the authors for hadith, they have to know the hadith scholarship. One of these interpretations is “Râmûzu’t-Tahrir ve’t-Tefsir” by Erzurumlu Lütfullah Efendi. Lütfullah Efendi built his work on the interpretation by Beyzâvî and some other ones, and his work includes many reports. However, Lütfullah Efendi, who did not think it is necessary to use Beyzâvî’s method and who did not think it is enough to use only his rumors, used a diversified method in this report presentation. In this paper, we have studied on his personality as a hadith scholar, his travels to find the hadiths and his works in this field to find out his hadith understanding and his role in this field. Then, we have tried to show his utilization method for hadiths and the presentation for hadiths in his interpretations based on the ability about hadith in his largest work, which is his tafsir book.

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