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There is the chronicle of project Cultural heritage of dissolved monasteries on the territory of former Poland and in Silesia in 18th and 19th c.: fate, significance, cataloguing. Programme of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Republic of Poland) under the name of the ’’National Programme for the Development of Humanities” in the years 2012–2016.
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St. Sava frequently uses the Johannine Good Shepherd motif (Jn 10) in order to present a biblical framework for the presentation of his father’s life in the Life of St. Simeon. The Old Testament background of the Johannine motif (Ez 34) implies a political application of the Shepherd motif to a political ruler and this is exactly what St. Sava accomplishes when he depicts his father as Shepherd in the crucial moment of his political abdication (1196). In this manner St. Sava characterizes the whole political career of his father, in the very moment of his Farewell Speech, with the help of the Johannine Good Shepherd motif. If the political context of the reception of the Johannine Good Shepherd motif is dominant in Nemanja’s hagiography, still St. Sava transcends the strictly political framework of the reception of the Good Shepherd motif. He presents an expressionistic autobiographical description of the relationship with his father and parallels his father’s journey to Mount Athos to the Johannine Good Shepherd, who is searching for his Lost Son.
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This study emphasizes the personality of Justinian Marina, the third patriarch of Romanian Orthodox Church, serving between 1948-1977, his relations with well-known democratic politicians, with representatives of political parties, and the dialogue between the Christian Churches during the first years of communist regime, when the atheist forces were stronger and the priests have seen their influence in society diminished.
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The following article presents the “discovery” of Descartes: the subject and subjectivity. The French thinker comes to the conclusion that we can doubt anything except our existence. So the famous cogito ergo sum became the foundation to the new subject which in modern epoch experienced spectacular development. (We cannot forget that to Descartes the doubt means cogito, that is - thinking). According to Vattimo, among the features of the new subject we find the desire for freedom and self-realization, the critics towards the past and towards metaphysics. This subject was called by Italian philosopher the subject of middle-class Christian who wants to separate from the past, wants to break all the chains, but also keeps something from the past as if the work is not yet finished.
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The present article explores the figure of the diocesan bishop as a mediator between universal law and particular law. The essay includes two parts. First, we focus on the role of the diocesan bishop in the universal law, highlighting his function in both theory and practice. Second, we examine the same issue within the framework of the particular law. The research points out that the tension between the universal and the particular exists since the beginning of Christianity. However, it is argued that the diocesan bishop acts as a mediator in this tension from the beginning of the Church. Indeed, he is a mediator, a real “Pontifex”, between the universal law/Church and the particular law/Church. From this follows that the fundamental duty of the diocesan bishop is “to protect the unity of the universal Church, to promote the common discipline of the whole Church and therefore to urge the observance of all ecclesiastical laws” (see can 392 §1).
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At the beginning of the 16th century the Diocese of Transylvania, which was over 60,000 square meters, had an extensive ecclesiastical infrastructure. Under the bishop‘s leadership, a 24-member cathedral chapter led the 600 parishes in the thirteen main districts. More than 1,000 monks lived in over fifty monasteries. This seemingly powerful community has practically ceased to exist within the short 25 to 30 years due to the desire for spiritual renewal and social policy. Without its bishopric and chapter leader, there was only one monastery and about thirty parishes. It was saved from the total destruction by the incredibly coherent and persistent work of the Jesuits, and by the counter-reformation that strengthened with the help of the Habsburgs, and by - most of all - the few faithful Catholics and their self-organizing activities. Thus, the Catholic autonomy was strengthened by the hierarchically organized Catholic Church that secular believers gained a status that is unique throughout the world. The purpose of my paper is to present that age and the birth of Catholic Status, also known as Catholic autonomy.
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The article intends to present, briefly, the life and activity of the apostolic vicars who led the Catholic community of Moldavia during the Apostolic Vicarage period, which was founded in 1818, with the death of the last bishop of Bacau, Joseph Bonaventura Berardi. The period displayed, comes to an end in 1884, when Pope Leon the XIIIth promoted the Apostolic Vicarage of Moldavia to the title of diocese. The first bishop appointed was Jospeh Nicolas Camilli, who was also the last appointed apostolic vicar. It is also presented the way the catholic people of Moldavia lived and expressed their faith before and after the unification of the Romanian Principalities in 1859, showing also the significant role that the moldavian catholics played during the process of unification. The article also captures the report between the apostolic vicars, the religious authorities and those of state from the XIXth century, emphasizing on the testimony of faith expressed by the leaders of the Mission in Moldova, and also by laymen, shown to the entire Romanian society.
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The author of this article demonstrates that Christmas, due to its multidimen-sional character, can be the basis for cross-curricular work of foreign language learners. By analyzing examples of cross-curricular activities suggested by university students who specialize in pedagogy and language, he argues that Christmas can be an adequate topic for the introduction of cross-curricular content in a foreign language class and for the development of different learners’ skills both at the primary and secondary levels. On the basis of the material collected from university students, he draws a conclusion that information from various school subjects can be integrated around Christmas within the monodisciplinary model which has been suggested in scholarly literature and which is discussed together with other models in the theoretical part of this article.
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