POUR L’ANALYSE DE L’AUDIOVISUEL: CONTRAINTES LINGUISTIQUES ET SÉMIOTIQUES

Author(s): Lamiae Slaoui,Bouchra Berrada / Language(s): French Issue: XVI/2024

Our article mainly deals with the constraints relating to the specificities of audiovisual discourse. Admittedly, this one presents itself under a double aspect: the text and the image which lead to a plural interpretation of the whole making the reading more difficult. Our example of audiovisual discourse submitted for analysis is the fable « Le lion et le rat ». Among the studied linguistic elements, we can mention the lexicon and the prosody at the level of the text, and the space and the iconographic codes at the level of the image, aiming to finally arrive at the point of view adopted by the analysis, that of the complementarity of the two signs.

ОТНОШЕНИЕ НА ЕКВИВАЛЕНТНОСТ НА ИЗБРАНИ ПОЛСКИ И БЪЛГАРСКИ ТЕРМИНИ В СЪДЕБНИ АКТОВЕ (ПО НАКАЗАТЕЛНИ ДЕЛА)

Author(s): Natalia Długosz / Language(s): English,Bulgarian,Polish Issue: XXXVII/2024

The article juxtaposes Polish and Bulgarian terms in terms of the names of courts, the names of court authorities, assistants, parties and other persons involved in the case in Polish and Bulgarian. The compilation of the juxtaposition made it possible to resolve what type of equivalence relations we are dealing with in the type of court records under study. To determine the type of equivalence relations between Polish and Bulgarian legal terms, I used the concept of denotative equivalence distinguished by Wolter Koller. Recognizing the types of equivalence relations is the starting point for considering the difficulties and translation strategies that the translator must undertake.

Autobiograficzna gra. O „Rozmowach w tańcu” Agnieszki Osieckiej

Author(s): Katarzyna Hanik / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2024

The aim of the article is to present a new perspective on reading autobiographical texts exemplified by Agnieszka Osiecka’s autobiography Rozmowy w tańcu. The study shows that it is extremely important for contemporary literary studies, especially for the study of autobiography, to look at texts through the concept of taboo. The context for the reflection is the author’s “autobiographical interview with herself”. The analysis presented here focuses on the form of dialogue with the poet’s alter ego employed as a strategy for playing with taboos. The narrative strategy chosen by Osiecka allows her to navigate a number of controversial topics and to create the appearance of sincerity and transparency, while maintaining full control over her story. In turn, her skilful handling of both word and form enables her to talk about difficult issues in a way that stays within her own boundaries, while at the same time meeting her readers’ expectations, by taking an interestingly different form that does not set clear genre markers for the writer (and therefore does not generate specific expectations from her readers). Ultimately, the article shows that playing with taboos leads to new narrative strategies that often determine the value of a given autobiographical text. The study falls within the field of literary studies and literary criticism.

Предпочитания към конкуриращи се темпорални форми в подчинени изречения в съвременния български език. Анализ на данни от анкетно допитване

Author(s): Krasimira Aleksova,Danka Apostolova,Yana Sivilova,Laska Laskova,Mihaela Moskova,Diana Androva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 5/2024

This study presents and discusses the results of a non-representative survey conducted with 3166 Вulgarian native speakers, investigating respondents’ preferences for competing temporal forms of verbs in different types of subordinate clauses, when the context expresses temporal features that the verb in the subordinate clause should carry. The hypothesis tested includes the expectation that both when choosing from suggested competing verb forms in the subordinate clause and in independently creating forms, respondents would prefer a less marked verb form, replacing the marked one due to syntagmatic (contextual) neutralization of one or more temporal oppositions. However, when choosing from suggested competing forms, it is possible, though not predominantly, for some respondents to opt for a more marked verb form.

Fragmente des Severus von Antiochia und Gregor von Nyssa im Učitelʼnoe evangelie des Konstantin von Preslav im Kontext der Matthäus- und Lukas-Katenen

Author(s): Dobriela Kotova / Language(s): German Issue: 24/2024

The article draws attention to two long scholia by Severus of Antioch, Severus of Antioch, identified in Constantin Preslavski’s Didactic Gospel, which, however, did not refer to his name. The first one, a fragment from 77th Cathedral Homily of Severus, forms the second half of the exegetical part of Sermon 3. The other one, an excerpt from the 89th Cathedral Homily, which also contains two fragments by Gregory of Nyssa, constitutes a significant part of the Exegesis Section in Sermon 35. It appears in Sermon 35 as part of the Greek original, the catena on Luke CPG C130.1, which Constantine used when composing the sermons on the Gospel of Luke. The fragment in Sermon 3 is not part of the main Greek source of Constantine used to explain the passages from Matthew’s Gospel. It was borrowed from catena on Matthew C110.4, which was not used as a source anywhere else in the Didactic Gospel and was probably added later by an unknown author rather than Constantine himself. Nevertheless, the name of Severus, who was explicitly named as the author of the scholium in C110.4, was omitted in the Didactic Gospel, most likely because he was considered a heretical author in 10th century Bulgaria.

Emprunts slaves en roumain dans le domaine du vocabulaire des émotions

Author(s): Bilyana Mihaylova / Language(s): French Issue: 24/2024

The article tries to retrace the paths of the semantic development of some Slavic borrowings, which in the history of the Romanian language designate ‘fear’ at different degrees of this emotion: timidity, dread, fear or fright. Five word families have been examined: groază, a se (în)crâncena, scârbă, a se stidi, a se oțărî. As a result of the etymological analysis, various semantic changes have been established. The research on the semantic evolution of the Slavic loanwords in Romanian in the field of emotional vocabulary shows above all that these particular cases reveal the tendency of mixing emotions. The same tendency can be observed when we analyze the autochthonous words from different Indo-European languages.

Преодоляване чрез завръщане. Опит върху неслучилото се майчинство в книгата „Писма до Ния, която не родих“

Author(s): Irena Dimova-Gencheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2023

The proposed article examines the process of overcoming the experience, focusing on the topic of motherhood that has not happened. We trace the return to memory in the specific case of Dimana Yordanova's poetry book - „Letters to Nia, to whom I did not give birth”. We allow ourselves to look at the book through Yulia Krasteva and her analysis of the topics of melancholy and depression. Our interest is focused on self-closure and fear of the inner world.

Ангеличното в творчеството на Юлиуш Словацки

Author(s): Dimitrina Hamze / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2023

Romantic philosophy and aesthetics provide a fertile ground for the development of the angelic element, which became a part of the conceptual journeys of the creators of the era. Drawing upon stereotypical notions of angels, Juliusz Słowacki, the most „romantic” and mystical among the three Polish poet-prophets (alongside Adam Mickiewicz and Zygmunt Krasiński), offers his creative „interpretation” of this celestial being. The aim of this study is to stylize the symbolic spectrum of the angel and provide a concise overview of its evolution in the works of the Polish poet and epistolographer. To achieve this goal, comparative, semantic-analytical, and interpretative methods have been employed.

Родина в библейских переводах XVI в., созданных на территории Речи Посполитой и Великого княжества Литовского

Author(s): Alla Kozhinowa / Language(s): Russian Issue: 36/2024

W artykule dokonano analizy pojęcia ojczyzny w przekładach biblijnych z XVI wieku, powstałych na terenie Rzeczypospolitej i Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego na język polski – katolicka Biblia Leopolity (1561) i Jakuba Wujka (1599), protestancka Biblia Radziwiłłowska czyli Brzeska (1563), ariański przekład Szymona Budnego (Biblia Nieświeska, 1572) i cerkiewno-słowiański (Biblia Ostrogska, 1580–1581), a także w przekładzie hybrydowym Franciszka Skaryny (1517–1519). Twierdzi się, że pomimo różnic wyznaniowych i językowych tłumaczenia biblijne ujawniają dużą liczbę podobieństw. Podobieństwa te dają podstawy, by sądzić, że w XVI w. stanowił punkt zwrotny w rozwoju pojęcia ojczyzny, natomiast na jego kształtowanie się we współczesnym rozumieniu miały wpływ zarówno teksty Nowego, jak Starego Testamentu, lecz oddziaływały one w różny sposób.

Figury afektywne w polskiej piosence

Author(s): Leszek Tymiakin / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2024

In the article, rhetorical devices which help to express external emotions are described and supported with examples (exclamatio, evidentia, sermocinato and similar prosopopeia, expolitio and similitudo). In the song genre, apart from the main constitutional role, these devices perform two other interdependent tasks: the first one is related to the sender, the second one – to the recipient. In addition to their expressive and conative functions, the supporting role is assigned to the following functions: amplifying, motivational and aesthetic. It is important that the beauty and charm of short, vocally performed pieces are to a large extent dependent on not only on the music but also on the words used in them to successfully express and engender emotions.

„Wahrlich fuck you du Sau“ – Sprachliche Gewalt und Selbstermächtigung bei Lydia Haider

Author(s): Susanne Teutsch / Language(s): German Issue: 5/2023

The article deals with linguistic violence, the functions of swear words and their use in literature. It aims to show how cursing can be used as an act of self empowerment. Austrian writer Lydia Haider’s text Wahrlich fuck you du Sau, bist du komplett zugeschissen in deinem Leib drin. oder: Zehrung Reiser Rosi. Ein Gesang. Is aggressive, not fair, irrational and arbitrary in the sense of violence as violentia. A linguistic violence that becomes semantically blind. She rises above everything else escaping argument and control. But her language is also comedic. The higher it rises, the lower it falls, in the excessiveness there is a form of jubilation and, last but not least, (self-)irony.

Zhuangzi: Oblivion and Happiness

Author(s): Radosav Pušić / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

From the perspective of our time, it is difficult to guess what Zhuangzi wanted to tell us with the expression “zuo wang 坐忘”. Different angles of looking at the world give us pictures of different worlds. In the text “Zhuangzi: Oblivion and Happiness”, I will try to shed light on the various possibilities that the term “zuo wang 坐忘” offers us. In this light, the possibility opens up to understand to what extent it is the path to our happiness. At the same time, numerous philosophical questions arise: the relationship towards the body, self, dao, de, towards dream, reality, the cultivation of one’s being, wisdom, etc.

Jubileusz Profesor Giovanny Brogi

Author(s): Teresa Chynczewska-Hennel / Language(s): Polish Issue: 11/2024

On the occasion of the Jubilee of Professor Giovanna Brogi from the University of Milan, her profile and scientific achievements were presented, and warm wishes were extended during the 5th International Conference titled “Philosophy of Being and Survival in Ego Documents of Ukrainian Writers, Painters, and Filmmakers (from the times of Orlik to the present). Being as Survival”. The jubilee celebrant is an outstanding linguist, philologist, historian, Polish and Ukrainian scholar. She has collaborated with numerous universities and research institutes worldwide and is a member of many scientific organizations and associations. Her research focuses on the historiography of Slavic lands and Western Europe from the Renaissance to the Baroque period. Another area of her research is the literary heritage of Kyivan Rus, with additional topics including the history of Slavic studies and the work of Taras Shevchenko in the context of European literature. She is also involved in popularization activities, teaching the history of Ukraine, particularly in response to the significant interest in Ukraine in Italy following the aggression by the Russian invader.

Справа заснування Іваном Огієнком журналу „Рідна Мова” (Варшава, 1932–1933 роки) (На матеріалах архіву Інституту національної пам’яті Польщі у Варшаві)

Author(s): Mykola Tymoshyk / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 11/2024

This article is based on documents from the recently discovered Warsaw-Kholm collection of Ivan Ohienko, kept in the archives of the Institute of National Remembrance of Poland in Warsaw. The subject of study and analysis were documents related to the founding in Warsaw in 1933 of the Native Language monthly magazine, dedicated to the study and promotion of the Ukrainian language. In total, these are 177 archival sheets, the content of which has not been known to the public until now. The analysis is carried out in several directions. First of all, the circumstances of the origin and implementation of the plan, which were unfavourable from the very beginning, have been clarified: the economic crisis in the Western world, the weak organization of Ukrainian emigration. Despite such circumstances, the persistence of the initiator prevailed: he managed to launch the publication of the magazine and to ensure its existence for eight years. The characteristics of the mail are given by geography (apart from enclaves with a compact residence of Ukrainians and the territory of Poland at the time, a significant number of letters were sent to various countries of Western Europe and America) and authorship (well-known Ukrainian scholars, religious figures, editors, educationalists, as well as high school students, editors of newspapers and magazines, owners of bookstores and printers, graphic artists, activists of Ukrainian public organizations...). Also the question of the various forms of promotion of the publication and filling the address book of subscribers shall be discussed. Among the most common forms were: publications of informative nature in the existing network of periodicals of the Ukrainian diaspora; creation of a group of distributors of advertising materials and signature checks through personal letters of the editor to colleagues, friends, and acquaintances. An overview of the main actions to support the magazine, which were held in the USA and Canada, is made.

Saturn i Eros. Radość jako forma samowiedzy

Author(s): Jakub Momro / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2024

The text attempts to show joy in the modern dialectic of knowledge and reification. Both components of this dialectic lead deeper into current problems with the legitimization of science. Melancholic knowledge, personified by such figures as Walter Benjamin or Theodor W. Adorno, is an extension of this primary tension in the instrumentalization of joy as an autarkic affect on the one hand, and a nominalist utopia and fetishism of immediacy on the other. In the article, “melancholic knowledge” is accompanied by two other types of joy: Kant’s ethics of the heart and Nietzsche’s “joyful knowledge”, both seemingly phenomenological, reaching the edge of joy as a condition of possibility or impossibility of life and knowledge. In this way, one can understand the tension that truly radicalizes joyful modernity – stretched between Saturn and Eros, between cognitive theory criticism and fairy tale.

Beat music, sláger, and different song translations in Socialist Hungary [Ignász, Ádám (ed.) (2023). Translation, adaptation, and intertextuality in Hungarian popular music. (Jazz under State Socialism. Volume 8). Lausanne et al: Peter Lang. Pp. 282]

Author(s): Johan Franzon / Language(s): English Issue: 15/2024

О ДИФФУЗНОСТИ СЕМАНТИКИ КАК СВОЙСТВЕ ЛЕКСИКО-СЕМАНТИЧЕСКОЙ СИСТЕМЫ СТАРОРУССКОГО ЯЗЫКА

Author(s): Elena Vladimirovna Generalova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 7/2024

The purpose of the paper is to study the nature and features of semantic diffusivity in the Russian language of the XVI and the XVII centuries. The phenomenon of undifferentiation of several meanings in one context is actively researched on the basis of modern texts and is less studied in diachrony, although this phenomenon is found more frequently in Russian-language historical texts, thus having undoubted specificity. The basis for the study is formed by the Old-Russian-language texts of business and everyday content, in which, during the period of Moscow Rus, the living processes of formation of the future national Russian language took place. The reasons for the frequent phenomenon of diffusivity in the language of the XVI and the XVII centuries are the legacy of the Old Russian language, which was characterized by semantic syncretism, as well as the active process of polysemy formation in this period. A number of manifestations of semantic diffusivity in the Russian language of the XVI and the XVII centuries were identified: contexts with the combinations of insufficiently divergent meanings of future polysemantic words, non-segmentation of the semantic space of words, frequent ambiguity of phraseological units, the polyonymy of lexemes with concrete meaning manifested, on the one hand, through their ability to designate a number of similar objects and, on the other hand, through multiple nominations for specific subjects, the textual nature of synonymy complicated by morphological, word-formation, and lexical variability, the abundance of doublet names, the undifferentiated semantics of original words and derivatives. Thus, semantic diffusivity can be characterized as an essential, basic characteristic of the lexico-semantic system of the Old Russian language, and further consideration of semantic processes in the language of the period of initial formation of the national language is productive from this point of view.

За някои проблеми на използване на терминологията и нейното тълкуване в римскоправни текстовe

Author(s): Malina Novkirishka- Stoyanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2024

The article is devoted to the study and teaching of Latin legal terminology at the Faculty of Law of Sofia University. It is presented in an appropriate didactic form in its authentic form in the writings of the Roman jurists and in their interpretation, but also in view of its historical development and use in modern legal terminology.

Между Омир и ChatGPT

Author(s): Nikolay Tsenkov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2024

The article aims to trace the impact that artificial intelligence has on the contemporary communication paradigm. The relationship between the “large language models” (LLM) and the speech, its sense and the current speech situation is investigated. Elucidation of this relation is revealed by suggesting answers related to the questions of whether artificial intelligence is an unprecedented phenomenon to speech; how artificial intelligence is integrated into a new speech situation; does artificial intelligence disrupt the unity between “word” and “sense”?

Aktivierung des mentalen Lexikons während des Sprachgebrauchs der deutschen Sprache bei Germanistikstudierenden – Alter als Einflussfaktor

Author(s): Joanna Franek-Zaborowska / Language(s): German Issue: 33/2024

The article asks the question about the influence of age on language behaviour of German studies students in the context of activation of the mental lexicon. The aim of the study conducted is to examine whether the age of the test persons has an effect on linguistic functioning with relation to German language. The changes that occur with age within mental processes are multidimensional and highly individualized. The lexical units of all languages that man has acquired, referred to as the mental lexicon, are distinguished by varying degrees of anchoring, which translates into the quality and quantity of language production.