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МЕТОДОЛОШКИ ОКВИРИ ИСТРАЖИВАЊА СРПСКЕ КЊИЖЕВНОСТИ ПРЕДРАГА ПАЛАВЕСТРЕ

Author(s): Valentina Veljić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 8/2022

Предмет рада је истраживање методолошких оквира књижевноисторијског рада Предрага Палавестре са циљем указивања на његов књижевнонаучни допринос изучавању српске књижевности у светлу регионалних и европских књижевних оквира. Истраживање се заснива на дијахронијском прегледу развоја књижевноисторијске (књижевнонаучне) методологије Предрага Палавестре и синтези у погледу грађе и виђења српске књижевности са аспекта једног од најзначајнијих проучавалаца књижевности на нашим просторима. У завршном делу рада указујемо на значај истраживања Предрага Палавестре у контексту методологије науке о књижевности. Како бисмо сагледали приступ Предрага Палавестре књижевним појавама у својим књижевно-научним радовима (монографијама, студијама, огледима; књижевноисторијским прегледима), у обзир узимамао следеће књиге: Послератна српска књижевност 1945–1970, Историја модерне српске књижевности: златно доба 1892–1918, Књижевност Младе Босне (објављене у два тома) и Јеврејски писци у српској књижевности.

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ПОГЛЕД НА УОБИЧАЈЕНИ ПОРЕДАК ПРЕДАЧКИХ НАЗИВА У СРПСКОМ ЈЕЗИКУ

Author(s): Žarko B. Veljković,Žarko Veljković,Žarko Veljković,Žarko Veljković / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 8/2022

The terminology of consanguinity is very rich and copious in Serbian language.It was documented and scholarly explored. Specific part of the terminology ofconsanguinity are the chains of terms for ancestors. In Serbian language, they arelinguistically realistic, documented from the varied sources, and the majority of it ismade from nine, the longest one from fourteen terms for ancestors. By comparingthe chains documented it has been given the usual ranking of terms for ancestors inchains of terms for ancestors in Serbian language.

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Le impressioni sulla Polonia del 1953 di Tommaso Fiore

Author(s): Simone Guagnelli / Language(s): Italian Issue: 2/2023

The article contextualizes and presents an unpublished paper by Tommaso Fiore that served as the text for the series of lectures on Poland given between 1953 and 1954 throughout Italy following his 1953 trip, which would result in the book I corvi scherzano a Varsavia (The crows joke in Warsaw). The document presents in a concise form all the most favourable themes and impressions that had struck the Apulian writer and politician on Poland undergoing reconstruction after the disaster of World War II, in a continuous and hopeful comparison with the fate of the Italian peninsula.

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Transparentność, refleksyjność, dialog. Lampedusa wobec migracji w „Wielkim przypływie” Jarosława Mikołajewskiego

Author(s): Magdalena Horodecka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2023

In her article, Magdalena Horodecka analyzes Jarosław Mikołajewski’s literary reportage Wielki przypływ [High Tide] (2015), approaching the text in the perspective of literary journalism studies and literary anthropology. Key in Horodecka’s interpretation are the tools of journalistic epistemology, particularly the concept of transparency. She also examines ethical issues and the problem of migration. In Mikołajewski’s book, an important role is played by the characteristics of the Italian people who help the refugees. A crucial aspect of his narration and perception is the art of dialogue with the direct witnesses of events. Horodecka also stresses the importance of his reflective attitude, which is stimulated by the landscape of the Lampedusa island.

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„Výbuch, který právě nastal.“ Zrod Hitlerovy diktatury pohledem československých reportérů

Author(s): Vratislav Maňák / Language(s): Czech Issue: 3/2023

This study focuses on Czechoslovak reportage journalism and its reflection of political events in Germany during 1933, when the political system underwent a fundamental transformation into a totalitarian dictatorship led by Adolf Hitler. The study shows and analyses the interwar form of written reportage and reflects German events through texts by three prominent Czechoslovak journalists: Franta Kocourek, Géza Včelička and Egon Erwin Kisch. The study describes their narrative strategies and shows how journalistic work was influenced by the ideological positions of these Czechoslowak reporters. Despite their differing political positions, all three of them were united in their clear criticism of the NSDAP.

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Etyka i polityka. O twórczości Pawła Smoleńskiego

Author(s): Monika Wiszniowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2023

In her article, Monika Wiszniowska looks into Paweł Smoleński’s creativeness. Smoleński is a reporter and publicist, since 1989 a journalist affiliated with „Gazeta Wyborcza”, and an author of many books in which he has written on Polish and international issues, regarded as the most important observer of Israeli and Middle East affairs. Wiszniowska focuses on Smoleński’s two roles, adequately concretized in two textual layers. The first role is that of a social and political writer, realized in this part of a text which tells the reader about the world, using the available knowledge and acting as a guide to unknown parts of the world. He tries to understand this world, and to explain the phenomena that occurr in it. In his books, Smoleński is not trying to convey or make visible his ideology but rather to present the ideas that influence the text’s structure. One can find those ideas not only in the few passages which present the author’s way of thinking, but above all in deeper layers of narration, where one can discover Smolenski’s perception of the world. The other role is that of a writer-humanist who cannot narrate any complicated events in our present day reality without concentrating on the fate on an individual human being. He listens to his protagonists’ stories as they tell about their experiences but also as they expose their individual ways of thinking. In Smolenski’s tales, not only those concerning the Middle East, we find incorporated an ethical project which is based on such European values as rationalism and the anthropocentric perspective. Both roles complement each other creating the original idiom of Smolenski’s work.

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Mapa i mafia. O „Drodze krajowej numer 106” Antonia Talii

Author(s): Giulia Kamińska Di Giannantonio / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2023

The author undertakes an analysis of the reportage volume Droga krajowa nr 106. The text reconstructs not only the image of the ‘ndrangheta (i.e., the Calabrian mafia) presented in the reportage but also of Calabria itself, the region from which this criminal organization originates, the local population, the prevailing way of understanding sacrum, and even the atmospheric phenomena typical of the region.

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Dramatyczne prologi w diegematycznych dialogach Platona

Author(s): Anna Głodowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2023

In Plato’s diegetic dialogues, as well as in dramatic works, you can ﬁnd a distinctive feature, an autonomous part opening the work, which is usually called “a prologue”. This term is taken from an ancient Greek drama and means in literal translation “before the content”. In dramatic scenes, which precede the main narrative part of Plato’s dialogues, one of the characters is so interested in the discussion held by Socrates in more or less distant past, that he asks the discussion participant or the person who has some knowledge about it to relate him the debate. The aim of this analysis are the prologues in Protagoras, Phaedo, Symposium, Euthydemus and Theaetetus to answer the question what function in Plato’s dialogue structure they play.

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O religii starożytnych Germanów. Komentarze do księgi VII Geografii Strabona

Author(s): Andrzej Piotr Kowalski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2023

In book VII of Strabo’s Geography there are passages about the religion of the ancient Germans. One of them mentions the name of the Chatti priest Libes. In two others, the customs of the Kimbrians are mentioned. The purpose of this article is to interpret the religious customs of these peoples, on the basis of which Strabo’s texts are created. In addition to historical data, linguistic and ethnological materials will be used in a comparative approach. A hypothesis will be presented that the considered texts of Strabo describe the Germanic religion subjected to strong Celtic inﬂuences. The following conditions were considered. In describing the religion of the Kimbrians, Strabo did not have to use Posidonius regarding them as Celts. Such an assumption results from the analysis of texts. Blood divination rituals are known to be a Celtic tradition, but they were performed by Druids. Among the Kimbrians, gray-haired soothsayers did it. The Gauls did not have women – priestesses. Meanwhile, among the Germans, women dealing in divination played an important role. The Germanic element in the activities of the Kimbrians is also the use of ritual stairs, which Strabo writes about. Archaeological and linguistic research proves the great inﬂuence of the Celts on the Germans. Probably Strabo, writing about the Kimbrians as a Germanic tribe, testiﬁed to such a process. Regardless of the ethnic identity of the Kimbrians, the picture of their customs given by Strabo is an important source for research on the religion of the Barbaricum peoples.

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„Filozofia – dziełem Hellenów”. Prolog Diogenesa Laertiosa

Author(s): Marian Andrzej Wesoły / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2023

I dedicate this distich, together with the article, to Professor Zbigniew Danek. Indeed, there is probably no more comprehensive and fascinating work of ancient literature than Diogenes Laertios’ Lives and Views of Eminent Philosophers, the Prologue of which I present below in a new Polish translation. This Prologue is particularly interesting and instructive for understanding the composition and interpretation of the work, as in it the author gives his own criteria and distinctions of currents and branches of philosophy, whose origin, name and tradition is according to him typically Hellenic. In our translation, appropriate title headings have been introduced for greater clarity in the reading.

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Cicero und Andokides

Author(s): Damian Pierzak / Language(s): German Issue: 1/2023

Due to the fact that Andocides is nowhere mentioned in Cicero’s oeuvre it is universally assumed that Cicero could not have read, let alone been inspired by, the works of Andocides. By comparing several passages from both orators, this paper argues that this is not necessarily the case. In terms of both language and content, these texts bear so close a resemblance to one another, that a direct inﬂuence does not seem beyond question. If Cicero had indeed, whether deliberately or otherwise, borrowed some ideas and/or phrases from Andocides, the absence of the latter’s name in Cicero’s extant writings can be explained in two diﬀerent ways: (1) either certain expressions that occur in Andocides’ speeches could have been known to Cicero from indirect tradition, (2) or Cicero was simply reluctant to admit to his acquaintance with the least esteemed of the ten Attic orators.

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Horace on Diseases

Author(s): Adriana Grzelak-Krzymianowska / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

Quintus Horatius Flaccus, vividly portrayed for us in his works both a picture of contemporary society and the world of his convictions and beliefs. Among the many researched issues in his work, there are some that still need to be addressed. These include references of a medical nature. The purpose of this article is to point out numerous of Horace’s medical references which give clues as to what health problems plagued Augustan Rome in particular.

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Owidiusz, Amory III 1 w polskim przekładzie

Author(s): Elżbieta Wesołowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2023

The paper aims to show the new Polish translation with a brief introduction. The elegy seems to be especially interesting as the way of poetical recusatio and the sophisticated game with the reader.

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Levant et carmina curas – o terapeutycznym walorze poezji w Eklodze IV Nemezjana

Author(s): Anna Klucz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2023

The article presents an episode related to the erroneous attribution of the phrase carmina non dant panem to Nemesianus, a Carthaginian poet living in the 3rd century AD, who did not enjoy the due authority among researchers. Later, Nemesianus’ Eclogue IV, which – as a literary space – is an example of an original intertextual collage, was analysed. The analysis of the last Eclogue written by Carthaginian poet shows how he weaved this work out of the poetic tradition concerning the truth about the transience of youthful beauty. Both the Latin sentence carmina dant panem, quoted in Umberto Eco’s novel, and versus intercalaris, quoted ten times in the Nemesianus’ Eclogue, make us think about the most desirable value that is expected from poetry, both from the point of view of the author and the recipient. Eclogue IV reveals the author’s melancholy poetic reverie about the transience of the things of this world, and also shows that the poet does not listen to his predecessors to speak in the same way as them, but he listens to their voices in order to better hear and articulate his own separate voice, as it were a tribute to poetry, which is therapy for the creator.* Działania badawcze wsparte ze środków przyznanych w ramach programu Inicjatywa Doskonałości Badawczej Uniwersytetu Śląskiego w Katowicach.

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Alcune annotazioni sui manoscritti di contenuto medico copiati dal Monaco Atanasio: I codici Parisinus Graecus 2193, Athos Vatopedi A 29 E Vindobonensis Medicus Graecus 6

Author(s): Irene Calà / Language(s): Italian Issue: 1/2023

The copyist Athanasios monk was in the mid-15th century active in copying numerous manuscripts, some of them on medical topics. Among them, three pass on the sixteen Libri medicinales of Aetius Amidenus, lived in 6th century and one of most important authors for medicine in late antiquity. Among these, two are complete copies made by Athanasius, the manuscript now in Paris and the one at the Mount Athos, but in the case of the Vienna manuscript, which dates back to the 14th century, he was the restorer.By reading these Aetius manuscripts, it was possible to rediscover some fragments of Philagrius, an author lived probably between 3th and 4th century. Among the numerous marginalia in Athanasius’s own hand, new fragments have thus been identiﬁed that can be attributed to Philagrius, whose works have come down to us only through indirect tradition, as well as a short passage from the tenth book of Galen’s treatise De anatomicis administrationibus, which is lost in Greek.

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The Motif of Arboreal Metamorphosis in the Neo-Latin Pastoral. The Case Study of Jacopo Sannazaro’s Salices and Pierre-Daniel Huet’s Vitis

Author(s): Elżbieta Górka / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

The aim of this article is to analyse two examples of the motif of arboreal metamorphosis in the Neo-Latin bucolic, present in the poems by Jacopo Sannazaro (Salices) and Pierre-Daniel Huet (Vitis). In Salices, nymphs ﬂeeing from the deities are transformed into willows, repeting the fate of Ovid’s Daphne, Syrinx and the Heliades. In Vitis the poet creates a story about a nymph, named Vitis, on the basis of the love story of the satyr Ampelos and Dionysus. For betraying Bacchus, she is turned into a vine and her lover Ulmus into an elm. Their fate is similar to Ovid’s Myrrha and Philemon and Baucis. In the history of Vitis, particularly in the description of the lovers’ metamorphosis, one can see borrowings from Sannazaro. Both bucolic poems are linked by the ambiguity of the ontological status of the newly created plants. They diﬀer in their moral interpretation of metamorphosis. The turning of the nymphs into trees can be understood as some kind of punishment for the rape that had been committed on them. On the other hand, Vitis, who committed treachery, is in fact rewarded and by the will of Jupiter she remains united with her lover forever.

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Φιλήκοος καὶ φιλόμουσος. Sul ruolo del greco nell’educazione riformata a Danzica nel XVI seco

Author(s): Roberto Peressin / Language(s): Italian Issue: 1/2023

The article presents the edition and commentary of an adhortatio to learn Greek addressed to the pupils of the Gymnasium Dantiscanum (Gdansk). The text was printed in 1571 as part of an anthology of Greek poems and prose composed by Humanist Michael Retell from Zittau (1530–1576). Retell was invited to Gdansk to organize the recently founded grammar school. Although a number of publications are now available on Retell, reconstructing his biography and commenting on his Latin works, however, there is still a lack of studies on his Greek output. They could help clarify the author’s use of ancient models, since his poems often have bilingual versions, and only the Latin ones have been studied. Moreover they could oﬀer more insight into the school and its scholars during its lesser-known early years of activity (1558–1580).

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Nowożytne próby rehabilitacji żony Sokratesa u Christopha Martina Wielanda, Eduarda Zellera oraz w Obronie Ksantypy Stefana Pawlickiego i Obronie Ksantypy Ludwika Hieronima Morstina

Author(s): Anna Marchewka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2023

The aim of the article is to explain how views on Xanthippe as a wife and Socrates as a husband were veriﬁed in modern times, i.e., how the defence of a woman considered the most unbearable in ancient Greece looked like. Four texts served as the most representative examples: Ch.M. Wieland’s short essay on Xanthippe, E. Zeller’s essay entitled Zur Ehrenrettung der Xanthippe and S. Pawlicki’s the ﬁctitious defence speech of Ksantypa (titled The Apology Xanthippe), and L.H. Morstin’s comedy The Apology Xanthippe. It should be emphasized that the above-mentioned writers and researchers of antiquity were clearly inﬂuenced by their predecessor.

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Semantic and Lexical Changes in Neo-Latin Vocabulary in the Field of Medical Devices and Procedure

Author(s): Sylwia Krukowska / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

The article concerns the possibility of using Latin as a means of communication by the medical community. It is an analysis leading to an answer to the question of the possibility of conveying in Latin the content, which determines the intellectual activity of a modern man. Meeting this challenge requires the introduction of new terms and phrases into Latin vocabulary. The currently used words in the ﬁeld of medical devices and procedures will be discussed. Motivation of Neo-Latin terms, the reasons for the word transformation and the directions of these changes, as well as calques from modern languages and the issue of terms that can be called ‚loan words returning’ (i.e. words of Latin origin, which survived in modern languages and returned to the Neo-Latin vocabulary, following the path: Latin to modern languages to Latin) will be the subject of the analysis. Finally, it will be focused on the intelligibility and communicativeness of these terms. The purpose of the study was to draw attention to the enormous potential of Latin and to demonstrate that Latin (similarly to modern languages) has the opportunity to meet the challenges posed by signiﬁcant technological progress and related to its requirement of creating new specialized terms.

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Prag als Zeitkapsel oder als moderne Stadt? Emanuel Frynta und Marthe Robert wandeln auf Kafkas Spuren

Author(s): Veronika Tuckerová / Language(s): German Issue: 1/2023

The article examines the constructed “old Prague” (Alt‑ Prag), in which scholarly and popular literature placed Franz Kafka. This reductive construct emerged during the rapid modernization and industrialization of the city at the turn of the 20th century. Kafka’s contemporary Paul Eisner developed a “triple ghetto” concept that overlapped with that of “old Prague.” Emanuel Frynta’s collage of texts and photos from the late 1940s and the 1950s situated Kafka in the “old Prague” and established a catalogue of Kafka’s Prague places. The “old Prague” concept however contrasted with the quickly growing and modernizing city. A modernist in his writing, Kafka fully took part in the new life of the city, its cafes, and cinemas. The link between Kafka and “old Prague” became entrenched by the 1960s and sanctioned by the Czechoslovak Communist state in foreign‑ language books for export. Starting in the second half of the 1950s, Western tourists came to Prague to search for Kafka, and viewed the author’s city through the constructed image of a by‑ gone Prague.

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