Новото „предизвикателство“ в българския език – значение и концепт

Author(s): Penka Pehlivanova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 2/2022

The study focuses on a new meaning of the native word predizvikatelstvo (challenge), which comes as a semantic calque from English. This meaning transfers a new concept which is identified, perceived and mastered as experience and value by the speakers of Bulgarian. The new meaning demonstrates awareness transfer related to particular type of behaviour and attitude towards tasks and goals. Such awareness has existed in human nature but has not been previously identified likewise. Probably that is the reason why so far it has not been denoted in the Bulgarian language. As a whole, the study contributes to the description of new meanings, included in the dictionaries of new words and meanings.

Grammatical Aspect in Bulgarian and English: A Comparative Analysis

Author(s): Mariana Gotseva / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

This article is part of a larger study on the acquisition of English aspect by instructed Bulgarian adult learners. Before analysing the acquisition of this complex category, it is necessary to analyse its characteristic features and find similarities and differences, which could facilitate or hamper Bulgarian L2 learners in the process of acquisition. The article compares and analyses the grammatical aspect in the two languages, pointing out the main difference: while in Bulgarian verbs are paired with respect to this grammatical aspectual opposition ‒ for each imperfective base verb form, there is a corresponding perfective one, formed by derivation, in English this opposition is mostly expressed through tenses. Having in mind that Bulgarian language lacks tenses such as Present Progressive or Present Perfect, it is interesting to see how the opposition perfectivity/imperfectivity, expressed in English by means of these tenses, is achieved in Bulgarian.

Роль языковых средств при описании польско-российских отношений в текстах, посвященных теме Катыни (на материале „Газеты Выборча” за период 1989–1999 гг.)

Author(s): Dmitrii Lukianov / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2022

In order to form a certain image, media employ various linguistic means, such as metaphors, comparative structures, etc. Based on the material from “Gazeta Wyborcza” concerning the topic of the Katyn massacre, the present study attempts to reconstruct the image of Polish-Russian relations and decide what role the linguistic means used in the articles play in creating the discussed phenomenon. As a result the author concludes that there are two points of view about Russia presented in “Gazeta Wyborcza”. On the one hand, Russia is a criminal country and a debtor that cannot fulfil its obligations. On the other hand, Russia is a state that is open for cooperation and capable of helping. There are also two different points of view about the Polish-Russian relationships. As stated by some experts, Polish-Russian relations in the analyzed period are characterized as negative. According to the other opinions (prior to the 2022 war), these relations are getting better and perhaps will continue to improve.

Emocjonalne przymiotniki w języku polskim i rosyjskim. Paralele i kontrasty

Author(s): Joanna Orzechowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2022

A new type of dictionary – a psychological linguistic dictionary was compiled as a result of analyzing 15918 Russian adjectives from the perspective of their relationship with emotions originating in reference to various senses. The dictionary contains information on “the emotional load” of these adjectives, that is how pleasant or how unpleasant emotions a given adjective evokes. The analyzed lexemes were assessed by respondents on the scale of emotions: slightly (un)pleasant – moderately (un)pleasant – very (un)pleasant, which was marked with an appropriate number of pluses or minuses. Although it is believed that representatives of different cultures experience universal emotions, their quality and intensity hidden behind particular linguistic units can diverge for different cultural linguistic communities. Emotions are conditioned socially, culturally and historically; they play an important role in international communication. Thus, when they are incompetently and mistakenly interpreted, this can disturb dialogue between various cultures and even lead to conflicts. In the article, considering equivalents mięsny/мясной and other counterparts, it can be said that not all the examples have a parallel emotional value. Despite the genealogical relationship between the languages and cultures in question, emotive contrasts are not rare. This leads to considering a significant issue of emotive adequacy of dictionary equivalents, which has to be addressed by translators and language teachers.

Порфирий Петрович – между професионализма и нравствеността

Author(s): Hristo Manolakev / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2022

The article studies the character and the plot function of Porfiry Petrovich, one of the basic characters in F. Dostoevsky’s novel Crime and Punishment. The study aims to prove that he can be seen as the protagonist Rodion Romanovich Raskolnikov’s double in worldview only in the context of the Napoleonic idea. A detailed hermeneutic analysis of the three encounters between the two characters reveals that under the guise of the Law Porfiry Petrovich has adopted and employed this idea in its ontological purity as the will to exercise power over the rest. The outlined proximity supports the hypothesis that Porfiry Petrovich has a biography, symbolically speaking. It enters discourse imperceptibly as shared by Raskolnokov in terms of the biography of the idea, its birth, and how it is experienced by both men

Малък щрих към темата „Набоков и Достоевски“

Author(s): Mariana Shopova-Hristova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2022

The present text aims to focus on a curious episodic presence of Dostoevsky in Nabokov’s final Russian novel, 𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝐺𝑖𝑓𝑡 (1938). In this novel, in a few sentences, three Russian writers of the 19th century – Dostoevsky, Chernyshevsky and Nekrasov – are brought together and portrayed in an ironic light against the background of the famous May fires of 1862 in Saint Petersburg.

Writing in a Foreign Alphabet: The Rendering of Bulgarian Inscriptions in English on Public Signs in Veliko Tarnovo

Author(s): Svetlana Atanassova / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2022

The paper offers an ethnographic analysis of the written inscriptions on the public signs located in the central parts of Veliko Tarnovo. Of special interest is the way Bulgarian names are rendered in English. The analysis combines the methods of ethnographic observation and linguistic landscaping (LLS). Writing as an object of ethnographic analysis is seen as only one aspect of the broader concept of literacy, which also comprises reading, design and processing. The repertoire of literacy resources includes not only the ability to write with pen and paper, but a number of other abilities as well. Among them are using a keyboard and, as we will claim here, using more than one alphabet and converting texts from one script into another. Writing is conceived as a complex literacy practice. Inscriptions on public signs are seen as both products and practices. As products they can disclose the nature of the writing practices that have yielded them. Knowing about these practices can shed light on wider literacy and social issues.

Linguistic Interference in Kazakh Terms

Author(s): Assel Ormanova,Madina Anafinova / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2022

This paper offers a contrastive analysis of terminological units with special reference to the interaction between the contacting languages in the current Kazakh terminology. The research interest lies on such a linguistic phenomenon as interference that is likely to appear in language contacts. The aim of the study is to approach the process of linguistic interference in the current Kazakh terms under the influence of English and Russian. Terminological units undergo contrastive and definition analyses to define the differential features of interference. We aim to find the errors at the semantical level, at the communication level, locking in the language and perception. The synopsis of Kazakh terminology is presented in this cross linguistic study.

Фамилни имена от редки християнски лични имена

Author(s): Ludwig Selimski / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

The article deals with the origin and meaning of 50 surnames, which are based on 22 Christian first names. The main problems in their analysis are: 1) the identification of the abbreviated forms of first names that we find in the stems of the surnames and 2) their differentiation from homonymous appellatives. We find in the stems of the studied surnames not only Latin/ Italian first names, such as EeHuHolBenino (< lat. benignus 'polite'), BeJZuIJo I Velicho (< ital. felice 'happy') etc., but also such personal names which appear only with certain phonetic peculiarities as Latin / Italian borrowings in Catholic speech, as, for example, HJuiJop I Isidore in stead of HcuiJop, J(ma1<.0Ma I Giacomo in stead of H1<.06 and others. Therefore, the geographical area of the analyzed personal name ( at the stem of a given surname) should be compared not only with the dialect society but also with cultural and historical data about the population, and - if possible - with the corresponding name-day.

От ие. kat- до апелативите и топонимите с основа кот-/хот-/от-

Author(s): Margarita Nikolova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

On the Origin and Development of Hydronyms in Urban Area

Author(s): Hasan Yakub Hasan / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

Промени в наименованията на физикогеографски обекти в България след 1878 – 2014 г. – факти и проблеми

Author(s): Aleksandra Kiselkova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

The dictionary Geographical Renaming in Bulgaria 1878-2014, published by the Bulgarian Encyclopaedia Scientific Information Centre of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, TRUD Publishing House, 2015, is a first attempt to collect all renamed places in Bulgaria in one volume. The dictionary contains 415 6 toponyms along with comparisons, explanations and comments. The geographical naming conventions, renaming and name restoration in Bulgaria remain problematic. The selection oftoponyms, the renaming criteria that the commissions of the municipal councils use, as well as the composition of said commissions, all warrant criticism. In addition, the process of communicating the new toponyms to the administrations and the general public, of adopting the toponyms and controlling their usage is less than perfect. Furthermore, this article raises the issue of the lack of a consistent policy on the part of authorities, namely, the Geodesy, Cartography and Cadastre Agency of the Ministry ofRegional Development and Public Works.

Българска история без българска езикова археология?! Докога?

Author(s): Todor Balkanski / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

The paper deals with the topic of the relationship between Bulgarian history and Bulgarian linguistic archeology. It is argued that the products of Bulgarian linguistic archeology are unjustifiably not accepted or taken into consideration by some representatives of contemporary Bulgarian historiography. Linguistic archaeological reading is carried out on three main topics: 1. Tangra: Tentri; 2. Did Tangranian religion exist among the Bulgarians and Bulgars until the time of Simeon the Great; 3. The mark ofTangra IYI : IVI. The myth that Tangra is the supreme deity of the ancient Bulgarians is scientifically debunked.

За някои топоними от Шуменския регион

Author(s): Aneta Tihova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

The article generally presents the results of the analysis of 800 names of areas in the region of Shumen, which are included in the Archive of toponyms ofEpiskop KonstantinPreslavsky University ofShumen. The toponyms are systematized in thematic groups and according to their origin, and special attention is given to local names of plants and animals formed with a motivat­ing lexeme. The findings indicate: I) the reviewed names include several layers - both old names of presumably pro to-Bulgarian and Slavonic origin and such formed from the local Turkish dialect; 2) the names belong to various thematic groups; 3) among local names of plants and animals formed with a motivating lexeme the prevailing ones are borrowed from Turkish language. A future profound research of the names will allow a detailed presentation of the diversity of the toponymical material from the Shumen region.

Названия и граници на географски и други обекти

Author(s): Angel Pavlov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

Лингвист. Лексикограф. Ономаст. Езиков археолог. Историк. Проф. Тодор Балкански. Едно от престижните имена на Института за български език при БАН. На 75 години!

Author(s): Dimitar Marinov / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

The paper examines the scientific "portrait" of Pro£ Todor Balkanski, D.Sc. The reason for the appearance of this writing is that the Bulgarian linguist and historian T. Balkanski turned 7 5 in 2019. The eminent scientist is the first doctor of onomastics and linguistic archeology of Bulgarian linguistics. He is also a long-time academician at the Institute for Bulgarian Language "Prof. Lyubomir Andreychin " at the Bulgarian Academy Of Sciences. A brief overview of the works of this famous Bulgarian researcher has been made, who is the author of more than 600 articles and studies, as well as of about 50 books. His work has significant scientific contribution to Bulgarian studies, recognized and appreciated by prestigious Bulgarian and foreign scientists. Pro£ T. Balkanski, D.Sc. is a leading Bulgarian onomast and linguistic archeologist of our time.

Към произхода на няколко балкански заемки в българския език

Author(s): Hristina Deykova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

MOTIVATION INFLUENCING DECISION TO LEARN KOREAN LANGUAGE AMONG CHIANG MAI UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

Author(s): Sayamon SORNSUWANNASRI / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

The objectives of this research are to investigate motivations that influence a decision to learn Korean language, and post-graduation expectations of 102 students studying Korean in Chiang Mai University. A questionnaire was conducted on the students’ motivation behind their decision to learn the Korean language and their expectations for Korean language learning after graduation. It was found that the type of motivation that has the highest influence over their Korean language learning is self-motivation, and they are also motivated by curriculum and institutes, the ‘Korean Wave’ and the society, defined as social motivation, respectively. Their highest post-graduation expectation for Korean language learning is the ability to converse fluently with Korean people, while the ability to understand Korean songs/dramas/variety programs, the ability to understand Korean society and culture, the ability to get a job using the Korean language, the opportunity to study in South Korea and the opportunity to have new friends are the next highest expectations successively.

From King Hyegong to Suh Dongjin: the evolution of LGBT and homosexual rights in the Korean community, according to historiographical texts

Author(s): Aleksandra Müller / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2022

Even though homosexuality and other sexual minorities have never been considered illegal by the Korean government, people identifying as non-heteronormative were and are still vastly ostracised. Furthermore, the LGBT community was and is still facing social stigmatism. What cultural conditions influenced the way non-heteronormative minorities are perceived by most South Korean society? How has the LGBT minority developed over the centuries? When did the attitudes of South Koreans change for the better? The following article covers the answers to the above-stated questions based on a particular query of texts related to the topic based on historiographic records. In the first section, the influence of the Confucian ideas of Three Fundamental Bonds and Five Constant Virtues (三綱五倫, 삼강오륜 [samgangoryun]) on the image of 'correct relationship' and the Taoist division of gender roles based on energy adversity (yin (陰, 음 [eum]) and yang (陽, 양 [yang])) will be explained. This will serve as a basis for understanding cultural opposition to same-sex relationships. The following subchapter consists of a chronological overview of the most important historical records regarding same-sex relationships. The third subchapter presents the sexual minority groups formed in the 1990s, such as Chodong Society (초동회 [chodonghoe]), Between Friends (친구사이 [chingu sai]) and Maeum 001 (마음001 [maeum gongongil]), which had the most significant impact on the development of the contemporary LGBT movement in South Korea. The last section presents current changes and problems that the South Korean LGBT society faces.

Odraz rusko-ukrajinské války v urbanonymii a v jazykové krajině ostatních zemí

Author(s): Žaneta Dvořáková / Language(s): Czech Issue: 1/2023

This study is focused on changes in linguistic landscape (especially in urbanonyms) due to the Russian attack on Ukraine in February 2022. It follows official and unofficial renaming of streets around the world in effort to show solidarity with Ukraine and its people. Official commemorative names have often the meaning ‘Free Ukraine’ (e.g. in Riga and Tirana), ‘Ukrainian Heroes’ (e.g. in Prague and Vilnius) etc. and are mostly located close to Russian embassies. Unofficial names given to streets by activists as a protest against the war are usually motivated by the name of the Ukrainian president Volodymyr Zelenskyy. Street names derived from the adjective Russian, or from Russian toponyms are changed as well, however only unofficially (e.g. the sign with the name of Ruská ‘Russian Street’ in Prague was replaced with the sign containing the famous answer of the Ukrainian soldiers from Snake Island to the Russian warship).