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The article explores an artistic heritage of Nikolay Platonovich Kreydzich (1873–1938) – Belarusian priest and writer, born in the town of Myelnik. His name is practically unknown to a modern mass reader, but undoubtedly he and his literary works deserve special attention and study.
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This paper deals with some difficulties related to Russian translations of Wisława Szymborska’s poem Cat in an empty apartment. The question of presence and visibility of lyrical subject in the original text and its translations is one of the major issues presented in the article. An analysis of N. Astafiewa’s and N. Gorbaniewska’s tranlations has been conducted with special respect to the agentivity phenomenon on the level of verb forms. Linguistic categorization has also been mentioned. The author tries to present how differently Russian translators, who perform their typical role of poetry translators, strive for faithfulness of form and content of the original text and in what manner their solutions can influence the lyrical subject’s viewpoint.
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As it is widely known, a poem is not just semantics, metaphors, similes and sophisticated vocabulary. It is also a particular prosodic structure through which it is possible at all to determine whether one deals with verse or prose. Besides, the form of a given poem, and especially the way the poem is divided into verses, always remains in some relationship with its semantic content. Therefore, it seems obvious that the formal structure of a poem should not be ignored.The paper analyses to what extent translations of Arabic poetry into Polish as well as Polish poetry into Arabic include the prosodic structure of the original works.
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The article discusses modifications in structures with omission and repetition of language components, common in the poetic works of the national poet of Belarus Maxim Tank and honored worker of culture in Poland Victor Shved. Incomplete simple sentences and compound parts of complex sentences with contextual omission of syntactic positions of subject and predicate, as well as constructions with repetition of a single word expressed by nouns, pronouns, adjectives, verbs and adverbs are analyzed.
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The article discusses the problem of translation of ethno-marked Belarusian vocabulary into English on the example of the novel by V. Karatkevich “King Stakh’s Wild Hunt”. Ethno-marked vocabulary is a special layer of the Belarusian language, which reflects people’s world view and their way of life. The text contains names of dishes, food and beverages, names of clothes and decorative elements, names of dances, songs, celebrations and games, and names of mythical creatures. The author identifies transliteration/transcription, combined translation, descriptive translation, adaptation and dropping which help to establish equivalence of translation from Belarusian into English.
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On the Basis of the data provided by linguistic geography (vols. I, II, III, IV of Bulgarian Atlas of Dialects and the Introduction of the Final Volume, the conclusion is drawn that northwards, westwards and southwards is a part of the larger Southwester Bulgarian dialect.
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The paper focuses on the developments of Common Slavic *tj/ktj and *dj/gdj in four villages that belong to the southwestern part of the geographic area of Macedonia, now in the territory of present-day Greece. The archaic dialects in these villages, evolving in a relatively small but isolated area, demonstrate certain specifics that distinguish them from other southwestern Bulgarian (Macedonian) dialects and from each other.
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This section contains a large number of different reviews, applied to either contemporary literature, cinema or latest appearances in the field of political theory.
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This section of the publication focuses on creating a profile of the Romanian contemporary writer, Petru Cimpoeșu, thru the interview he offered, the original fragments from works in progress and the commentaries on his books, written by various literary critics.
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The author adopts a comparative cultural perspective in order to grasp the social role played by fiction in contemporary Western societies. As Jean-Marie Schaeffer reminds us, fictional competence stems from a child’s early interactions with care-givers. However, cross-cultural studies have identified significant structural differences in how these interactions take place. The author relates these differences to the divergent modes of sociability obtaining in two types of cultural contexts: present-day Western societies in which literary traditions have become central on the one hand, and societies with an oral tradition on the other. The current role of fiction in the West is compared with the processes at play in the creation of mythical narratives among the Aranda, an Aboriginal population of Central Australia. The author shows that whereas both mythological accounts and fictional works are cultural products made to be shared, the form this pooling of knowledge takes, and the functions associated with it, are closely connected with the modes of relational mediation characteristic of the society concerned.
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The article examines current trends in the development of South Slavic comparative literary studies. The discussion revolves around the reviewing of the notion of a South Slavic literary community and a unified South Slavic literary process. Interpretation focuses on the comparison of the Yugoslav and Post-Yugoslav literary contexts. Reference is made to the affiliation of South Slavic literatures to various cultural regions. The author comes to the conclusion that there is a need for a reviewing of South Slavic literatures as an open construction and a dynamic field of identities.
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In this article, I continue my observation and discussion of West European Literature within the context of Comparative Literature taken up in an earlier paper. The focus is on the subject matter’s two general aspects: as a research field, and as an academic discipline. When reviewed as a research field, attention has been given to the crises and rethinking of Comparativism, to national and international projects and works in the yet new century, to their juxtaposition and conceptual common places. In discussing it as an academic discipline, I have dealt with practical issues of the syllabus distribution and teaching, and the studying of literary phenomena in translation and discontinuity with an emphasis on their reception and transformation in the host environment.
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The 11th -12th century Abbasid philosopher al-Ghazālī is the center of controversy today in Western societies seeking to understand Islamic radicalism. The article initially examines the al-Ghazālī debate, split between popular images of al-Ghazālī as a fanatical enemy of rational thought, and scholarly depictions of a forerunner of postmodernism. After analyzing a principle example of the latter tendency, centered on the Persian term dihlı̄z, the article undertakes a sociological investigation of al-Ghazālī’s Alchemy of Happiness within the historic context of the Abbasid crisis of political legitimacy. The troubled historic vista of Abbasid politics, the unique role of al-Ghazālī as representative of ideological power, and the crucial influence of the intercontinental Sufi revolution, are discussed. The analysis focuses on al-Ghazālī’s central concepts of deen (faith) and donya (the secular), that he employed to stabilize and guarantee the continued political success of the multi-civilizational Abbasid state. Spurning the dogma of unified identity, al-Ghazālī recognized the civilizational pluralism underpinning Abbasid political survival. Reconciling multiplicity and unity, al-Ghazālī labored to integrate Islamic and non-Islamic intellectual traditions. Three elements are investigated: (1) Investing epistemology with social significance, al-Ghazālī opposed orthodox conformism; (2) Denouncing ignorance, the passions, and intellectual confusion, al-Ghazālī promoted the dialogic principle – not dogma - as the unique public guarantee of the universal truth; (3) This universal truth had an exclusively secular, not religious, dimension, based on the deen/donya distinction, separating universal secular truth from religious identity. An intellectual exploration of the secular dilemma, of corresponding imaginative magnitude, hardly existed in Western societies at the time. This casts doubt on the current academic enthusiasm for representing traditional Islam in the mirror image of French post-structuralism, and the false depiction of al-Ghazālī as the dogmatic enemy of reason. It opens an entire terrain of possible research that is barely tapped, which contradicts the confused dogmas of Islamic radicalism. A secular conceptual dualism pervaded the Islamic tradition, indeed pre-dating European secularism.
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Anglophone African poetry has become a significant medium through which African society from the year 2000 to date is mirrored. The younger Anglophone African poets, widely referred to as the poets of the third-generation, have always used their poetry as means to respond to both historical and current socio-political circumstances that tend to distinguish Africa from the rest of the world. Their poetry now constitutes counter-hegemonic discourse against bad leadership in Africa and against corrupt African social and medical institutions. Using Hyginus Ekwuazi’s The Monkey’s Eyes as a representative poetry of the younger Anglophone African poets, emphasis is made on how the poet depicts the African society and its hospitals. The paper analyzes the collection as a sequel to all other collections of poetry produced by the younger poets at this period. It reveals the condition in which the poetry is produced and how it has responded to the decay in African society and its hospitals. The paper points out that though the older generation of the Anglophone African poets responded to similar socio-political situation, the younger generation of the Anglophone African poets has become the prominent voice in this period and that their poetry provides a clear picture of what is happening in Africa within this time space. Being a new set of voices on the terrain of the Anglophone African poetry, a study of this poetry opens up a new platform upon which this so-called “aesthetic of rage” is appreciated.
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This action research study aims to analyse the ways in which vicarious learning, one of the sources of self-efficacy beliefs according to Social Cognitive Theory, can materialise in the translation classroom. To achieve this aim, a mixed methodological approach was adopted based on the following techniques: the interview, the survey, classroom observation and focus groups. Results show that vicarious learning took place in the translation classroom where this study was performed both through the students’ comparison with professional translators and between peers. More particularly, a collaborative learning environment and practices such as the presentation of translation projects by the students, role-plays or discovering the careers of previous graduates favoured vicarious learning and thus positively influenced the participant students’ self-efficacy beliefs, according to their perception. The results obtained contribute to shedding light on some ways to incorporate students’ self-efficacy beliefs in translator education, satisfying the need underlined by several authors.92-113
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The article examines the current state of the discipline “History of Slavic Literatures” in the contemporary academic environment. The paper discusses its nature of a large-scale literary-historical course and its perspectives for development in the context of contemporary tendencies in university philological education. We comment the need for the discipline to be conceptually connected to varying perspectives in rationalizing the contexts of cultural identity for different examined literatures.
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Looking at the marginal drawings in some manuscripts from the region of Otranto, in Southern Italy, this paper presents their choice of subjects, both animal and human, and tells the story of their interconnectedness. Echoes between similar designs strengthen the hypothesis that these manuscripts belonged to or gravitated around the theological school at Aradeo, whether their contents were sacred or classical texts. These drawings reveal the pious inclinations of these medieval readers, together with their skills at sketching both portraits and fantastic beasts.
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In this paper, the author continues his research started in 2009 on the lost Croatian prose texts compiled by Marko Marulić (1450–1524) for his sister Bira (Elvira, Vera), authored by himself and his close friend Frane Božićević. The author analyses the exegesis of Magnificat from Firentinski zbornik [Florentine Miscellany Ms. Ashb. 1582] by comparing this handwritten manuscript preserved in Florence to the corresponding printed text of the Latin Bible (1489) from Marko Marulić’s private library, with Marulić's own notes and miniature drawings. It is deducted that the author of the exegesis – the manuscript originates from Split – partly takes over, translates, and paraphrases the commentaries of Nicholas of Lyra, published in parallel – verse by verse – with the Latin text from the Bible, owned and annotated by Marulić. Since no other writer from Split of his time possessed nor, furthermore, annotated the Bible, it was concluded that Marulić, along with other copious evidence and indications, is the author of the said exegesis and of Firentinski zbornik. This at last confirms Carlo Verdiani’s (1957) long-contested thesis, attributing the authorship of the compilation of texts to Marulić. This verification has affected a whole range of Croatian prose manuscripts, which should also be attributed to Marko Marulić. In view of the fast-approaching 500th anniversary of the father of Croatian literature’s death (1524–2024), the author’s findings place greater text-critical and editorial challenges on Croatian philology.
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