ZABYTKOWE TEKSTYLIA W MUZEUM DIECEZJALNYM W SIEDLCACH W ŚWIETLE BADAŃ REINWENTARYZACYJNYCH

Author(s): Dorota PIKULA-KUZIAK / Language(s): Polish Issue: 118/2022

Reinventory works at the Diocesan Museum in Siedlce in 2020, subsidised by the National Centre for Culture as part of the programme ‘Kultura w sieci’ [‘Culture on the Web’], included historic textiles sewn from 15th- through 20th-century fabrics that had been stored in a warehouse for many years. They revealed more than 140 objects (chasubles, capes, mitres, dalmatics, stoles, maniples, palls and burses), only a fraction of which had been catalogued. Other items are of largely unknown provenance, often damaged and having been repaired and re-stitched many times. Only a few of them can be found in the catalogues of art monuments in Poland or on inventory cards in the office of the Provincial Office for Monument Protection. As part of the reinventory work, all the historical paraments gathered in the collection of the Diocesan Museum were carefully documented in terms of content and visual records, and more than 150 of them were added to the online exhibition ‘Splendor Podlasia’ [‘Splendour of Podlasie’] (www.splendorpodlasia.pl) so as to bring this interesting resource to a larger audience. The article also deals with research into the history of the two oldest, late-Gothic fabrics from which the chasubles were sewn and the reuniting of the ceremonial set (sacra paramenta and sacra indumenta) of Bishop Franciszek Kobielski (1679–1755), which had been scattered for many years.

„Cei Cinci martiri” în pictura murală din Moldova: notă despre contexte iconografice și subtexte devoționale

Author(s): Vlad Bedros / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 2/2021

This short study surveys the iconography of the Five Martyrs of Sebasteia (the Five Companions) in Moldavian mural painting from around 1480 until around 1530. The iconographic choice is evaluated in the context of Middle and Late Byzantine parallels, stressing upon its connection with monastic devotion, due to the inclusion in the Horologion of two prayers attributed to Ss. Eustratius and Mardarius respectively. The funeral connotation of the Five Martyrs, already noted in Late Byzantine Balkan iconography (Treskavac, Konče) might explain their appearance at Rădăuți. Their popularity in monastic circles might account for their frequency in other programs, and especially their striking association with the great martyrs and Ss. Constantine and Helen on the eastern arch of the Pătrăuți Church naos. This selection surprisingly echoes the row of medallions on the western wall in the narthex of St. Andreas church in Treska. The association of St. Eustratius with a penitential prayer of the Compline, taken from his Passio and given here in an appendix (the corresponding fragment from the 15th-century Ms. 85 in the library of Putna monastery), bestows upon his iconic portrait an aural, mnemonic layer, presumably explored by the medieval viewer.

Милчо Лалков. България в балканската политика на Австро-Унгария 1878–1903. София, Университетско издателство „Св. Климент Охридски“, 1993. 672 c.

Author(s): Nikolay Poppetrov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/1995

Book Review

Н. Данова. Константин Г. Фотинов в културното и идейно-политическото развитие на Балканите през XIX век. София, Академично издателство „М. Дринов“, 1994. 466 с.

Author(s): Rumyana Radkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/1995

Book Review

Никополският санджак през XV–XVI век. Административно-териториално деление

Author(s): Rumen Kovachev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/1995

The occupation of the Bulgarian lands in the late 14th c. by the Ottomans had important consequences for a number of aspects of the life of the local population. The concrete military-strategic situation and tasks facing the conquerors determined also the directions of the military-administrative structure of these territories. The sancak of Nikopol was formed on the basis of a considerable part of the territory of the Kingdom of Turnovo. In an administrative respect it was divided into nahiyes, and from the end of the 15th c. some of them formed kazas. The system of roads, fortresses and strong points along the Danube existing before the invasion were retained. The task of the rapid military and administrative consolidation of these parts of the Peninsula became a fundamental goal of the local and central authorities from the middle of the 15th century on. With the change of the general military-strategical situation in the lower reaches of the Danube and in the direction of the Crimean Peninsula and Southern Russia was changed also the motivation in forming the administrative structure of the sancak.

Из историята на заема за българската черква във Фенер –Цариград

Author(s): Evgenia Davidova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/1995

The subject of this communication is a less known fact – the granting in 1859 a loan of one million kurus for the construction of the “St. Trinity” church planned by the Bulgarians living in Constantinople. The creditors were the Tupchileshtov brothers and the Geshov brothers, members of a specially elected board for carrying out the project. For a number of reasons the plan was not realized. Later the lenders began to demand their money back from the Bulgarian municipality in Constantinople, from the Bulgarian Exarchate and from the Bulgarian State. In the ultimate analysis the National Assembly decided to return part of the sum to them. In succession are examined the standpoint of the creditors, the position of the Exarchate, the comments in the press, the letters and memoirs of some eyewitnesses. What makes the subject attractive is the possibility to put it in the context of the events of the 70s of the 19th century and the first two decades after the Liberation. This “minor” theme has so far not been the object of special research interest but it may be included in the “major” rubric “History of Mentality”. The information provided introduces nuances in the notion of the attitude of the representatives of the big Bulgarian bourgeoisie to the different forms of the liberation movement, in this case to its legal manifestations.

Е. Стателова, Р. Попов, В. Танкова. История на българската дипломация 1879–1913. София, фондация „Отворено общество“. 503 с.

Author(s): Ivan Ilchev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/1995

Book Review

Едно истинско научно предизвикателство

Author(s): Lisbeth Lyubenova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/1995

Book Review

Международна научна сесия „Братята Евлоги и Христо Георгиеви – дарители на Софийския университет „Св. Кл. Охридски“

Author(s): Nadya Manolova-Nikolova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/1995

Conference Report

Паисий Хилендарски: 300 години от рождението му и 260 години от завършването на „История славянобългарска“

Author(s): Margaret Dimitrova,Dimitar Peev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 44/2022

Балканските култури: диалог, трансфер и метаморфози

Author(s): Slaveya Nedelcheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 44/2022

Политиката на Букурещ в Македония по арумънския въпрос през 1878–1913 г.

Author(s): Georgi Barbolov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/1993

After the Russo-Turkish War of Liberation (1877–1878) the Romanian government took an interest in the small ethnic group of the Aromanians who lived in Macedonia and Epirus. The Bucharest government pursued its Balkan policy by good relations with the Ottoman and Belgrade governments and strove to reach agreement with Greece on the disputed issues in Macedonia. The ruling circles in the Romanian capital were of the opinion that Romania should preserve its dominant position in the Balkans and feared, therefore lest Bulgaria should expand and become a stronger state. With respect to the Aromanians, the Romanian side worked for their cultural upsurge with a view to drawing them to Romania. When in 1905–1908 Greek armed units subjected the Aromanians to extermination, the government in Bucharest did practically nothing in their defence. Together with the Bulgarians, the Aromainians tried to protect themselves from the Greeks. In their midst emerged such leaders as Pito Goulev, Mitre Vlacha, Alexander Koshka, Georgi Mouchitano-Kassapcheto, Apostol Loulenitsa and others. After the Balkan Wars (1912–1913) the Aromanians from Macedonia fell under the rule of Serbia which closed the Aromanian schools and churches. The descendants of the Aromanians kept their memory, expressed in folksongs, of the heroes who had fought for freedom shoulder to shoulder with their Bulgarian brothers.

Стоян Германов. Руската общественост и революционното движение в Македония и Одринско 1893–1908. София, Университетско издателство „Св. Климент Охридски“, 1992, 250 с.

Author(s): Georgi Markov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/1993

Book Review

Професор Иван Шишманов и германската славистика

Author(s): Maria Zlatkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/1993

Information is provided on the contracts which Prof. Ivan Shishmanov established with representatives of German Slavonic studies during the 80s and 90s of the 19th c. and during the first three decades of the present century. An attempt is made to show the influence of the rich intellectual life in Germany at the end of the past century on the formation of Shishmanov as a scholar and to outline his role in the development of Bulgarian-German cultural relations during that period, laying stress on his contribution to the popularization in Germany of the achievements of the Bulgarian humanities in folkloristic studies, linguistics, literary history, on the one hand, and his making the Bulgarian learned public familiar with the avant-garde German achievements in the same fields, on the other.

Ани Гергова. Книжнината и българите. XIX – началото на XX век. София, Издателство на БАН, 1991. 256 c.

Author(s): Nikolay Poppetrov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/1993

Book Revieew

Живяна история на българското право. Сто и четиридесет години от рождението на Стефан Савов Бобчев (20 януари 1853 – 8 септември 1940 г.)

Author(s): Ivan Bilyarski / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4-5/1993

Държавната политика към земеделските кооперации в България (края на XIX в. – 1944 г.)

Author(s): Rositsa Stoyanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/1993

A general evaluation is made in the article of the policy of the state towards the agricultural co-operatives from the late 19th century to 1944, and the main stages in it are outlined. Despite some omissions and oversights in legislation, the state appreciated the opportunities of the co-operative farms in agriculture to contribute to a certain regulation of social relations, to the development of the productive forces and to the transformation and intensification of farm production. Without according them top importance, these opportunities were utilized to a considerable degree. Most generally speaking, two stages are outlined in the policy pursued. During the first – from the end of the 19th century to the mid-30s of the 20th century – a legislation for the co-operative associations, adequate to the conditions of the country, was passed. Through the Bulgarian Agricultural Bank and the Bulgarian Central Co-operative Bank the state assisted in the establishment and consolidation of the young co-operatives in the villages. At this stage it still lacked the ambitions to supervise and control the co-operative movement, and the co-operatives and their unions enjoyed complete autonomy in their internal life. The change in state policy towards direct intervention in co-operative affairs became noticeable after the May 19, 1934 coup. It was part of the general tendency to strengthen the control of the executive power in all spheres of the life of society and found expression in a number of enactments.

Димо Хаджидимов и национално-освободителното движение (края на XIX в. – 1912 г.)

Author(s): Georgi Parvanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/1991

The paper traces the evolution in the conceptions of Dimo Hadzhidimov concerning the strategy and tactics of the Bulgarian National Liberation Movement in Macedonia and the Adrianople Region. An analysis is made or Hadzhidimov’s ideas about the character of the revolutionary organizations and the attitude of the Bulgarian Workers’ Social-democratic Party towards them. The author pays special attention to Hadzhidimov’s work as an editor of the Internal Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Organization organ, the “Revolutionary Paper” and of “Constitutional Dawn”, and as a contributor to the “Sunrise”, “Macedonian-Adrianople Review” and “Justice” —- papers linked with the revolutionary struggle of the Bulgarians from these two regions of the Ottoman Empire.

Тракия в политиката на България и Гърция (1878–1919 г.)

Author(s): Mariana Yovevska / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/1991

The comparison between the policy followed by Greece and Bulgaria with regard to the geographical area of Thracia reveals the specificity of each country’s policy and the changes of their frontiers in the 1878–1919 period. The article maps out the historical path which Bulgaria had to go to reach the shores of the Eastern Mediterranean and gain a territorial outlet on the Aegean Sea between the Mesta and the Maritsa river, although it was for a short period of time – from 1913 to 1919. Special attention is paid to the preparation and the course of the Paris Peace Conference. The American stand is marked off. Stress is laid on Greece’s advantageous position and the possibilities for success of the policy pursued by Eleutherios Venizelos in 1918–1919. The thesis is proved that in settling the problem of frontiers in Thracia considerations such as justice and ethnic motivation were the least paid attention to. The diplomatic solution to the problem was ascribed to the Greek delegation who drew up and carried out a programme that accommodated the interests of the Great Powers. The Bulgarian efforts for a just and comprehensive settlement of the national problem by solving all related minor problems on an equal basis were not in line with the possibilities and the interests of the winners in World War I, that is they were unsuccessful.

Генерал Рачо Петров и строителството на железопътната линия Радомир – Кюстендил – турската граница

Author(s): Evgeni Kostov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 10/1991

The article follows mainly one of the economic manifestations of the eminent military and political functionary Racho Petrov and its consequences. The word is for the activity of the general as a partner, director and representative of the created in 1898 association “Petrov, Dzhumaliev and Co” in front of the government. The only purpose of this economic association is the building of a railway with a great military and strategic importance Radomir – Kjustendil – the Turkish border. In the summer of the next year the Peoples’ Assembly approves the proposal of the ruling cabinet for partial stopping of the building. In the course of the presentation as a result of this the strained relations between the government and the association are followed and accent is put on the manifestations of the general as he firmly defends the interests of the contractors. A detailed picture of his actions is given in the growing more complex life of the association. The unset with the state financial questions are solved satisfactory for the already non-existing association hardly in 1903 when Racho Petrov becomes a Prime Minister. Because of the interest of the society he tries hard to justify from juridical and moral point of view the carried in this way considerable damages on the state budget. After some years, these and some other actions of the already ex-Prime Minister become subject of investigation of several special commissions. In February 1911 the general and yet another four members of the second National-Liberal government are brought to trail. Nevertheless, in 1914 a parliamentary decision is taken for declining the responsibility from all of them. The article clearly marks the political aspects of the treated economic and financial problems. In this aspect, it contributes for the description of the political and moral appearance of General Racho Petrov.