Държавната политика към земеделските кооперации в България (края на XIX в. – 1944 г.)
The State Policy towards the Agricultural Co-operatives in Bulgaria (Late 19th Century – 1944)

Summary/Abstract: A general evaluation is made in the article of the policy of the state towards the agricultural co-operatives from the late 19th century to 1944, and the main stages in it are outlined. Despite some omissions and oversights in legislation, the state appreciated the opportunities of the co-operative farms in agriculture to contribute to a certain regulation of social relations, to the development of the productive forces and to the transformation and intensification of farm production. Without according them top importance, these opportunities were utilized to a considerable degree. Most generally speaking, two stages are outlined in the policy pursued. During the first – from the end of the 19th century to the mid-30s of the 20th century – a legislation for the co-operative associations, adequate to the conditions of the country, was passed. Through the Bulgarian Agricultural Bank and the Bulgarian Central Co-operative Bank the state assisted in the establishment and consolidation of the young co-operatives in the villages. At this stage it still lacked the ambitions to supervise and control the co-operative movement, and the co-operatives and their unions enjoyed complete autonomy in their internal life. The change in state policy towards direct intervention in co-operative affairs became noticeable after the May 19, 1934 coup. It was part of the general tendency to strengthen the control of the executive power in all spheres of the life of society and found expression in a number of enactments.

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