SZÁMÍTÁSTECHNIKA ÉS ÓKORTUDOMÁNY - SZÖVEGES ADATBÁZISOK

Author(s): Ferenc Ösz / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 1(2)/2004

E dolgozatban a számítástechnika és a bölcsészettudományok egyik fontos kapcsolódási pontját vizsgáljuk: Miért és milyen módon lehet (érdemes) elektronikus formára alakítani egy ,,hagyományos” adathordozón (például papíron) rendelkezésünkre álló szöveget? Noha az alapelvek általánosak, a téma szerteágazó volta és roppant méretei miatt szûkíteni kell a vizsgálódást: elsôsorban a klasszika-filológia elektronikus adatbázisait tárgyaljuk.

A Római Birodalom hivatalos nyelvhasználatának történetéhez -- a Iustinianusi reform

Author(s): Béla Adamik / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 1(2)/2001

A latin u-tövű semlegesneműek végződése nominativus-accusativusban

Author(s): Levente László / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 1(2)/2001

Margarete Bieber (1879–1978) – wybitna badaczka kultury antycznej z Prus Zachodnich

Author(s): Karol Kłodziński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2019

The article presents the biography and scientific achievements of the outstanding researcher of ancient culture, Margarete Bieber (1879–1978). At the same time, it is an example of women’s emancipatory aspirations in this region at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. The article describes the less-known Pomeranian roots of Margarete Bieber. She came from Przechów (Schönau, Świecie district) in former Western Prussia. Bieber was the first woman from Western Prussia to pass high school final examinations in Toruń in 1901. Then, despite all kinds of difficulties arising from her gender and ethnicity, she made an excellent academic career in Germany and the United States. The article also describes in detail the Pomeranian Bieber family living in Przechów and their property status (until the sale of the mills in 1921). Jacob Bieber, Margarete’s father, the owner of “the most important mills in Pomerania – Przechowo”, who perhaps was interested in ancient art himself, supported the scholar’s research for a long time. The high financial and social status of the family was important for her educational opportunities, but it was not recognized in the article as the most important reason for her success. First of all, her personality features, talent and great diligence were emphasized.

El Popol Vuh : interpretaciones de investigadores serbios

Author(s): Vesna Dickov / Language(s): Spanish Issue: 10/2019

Resumen: El presente trabajo está dedicado a las interpretaciones del Popol Vuh,una de las obras literarias más conocidas de los antiguos mayas, hechas por investigadores serbios a lo largo de la segunda mitad del siglo XX y durante las primeras dos décadas del siglo XXI. Con este objetivo,se presentan críticamente, respetando el criterio cronológico de su aparición, los textos sobre el Popol Vuh (estudios, ensayos,prefacios, postfacios, artículos), escritos por autores serbios y publicados, tanto en libros como en revistas literarias, en el idioma serbio. El marco metodológico que ha resultado más apropiado para comprender el proceso comunicativo en cuestión, así como su papel en la modificación del horizonte de expectativas de los lectores serbios, se apoya en el análisis y comparación de todos los elementos relevantes que forman parte de la recepción interpretativa en Serbia de la obra. Abstract: The present work is dedicated to the interpretations of the Popol Vuh,one of the best-known literary works of the ancient Mayans, which were made by Serbian researchers throughout the second half of the 20th century and during the first two decades of the 21st century. With this objective, the texts on the Popol Vuh (studies,essays, prefaces, postfaces, articles) written by Serbian authors and published both in books and in literary magazines in Serbian language, are presented critically, respecting the chronological criterion of their appearance. The methodological framework that has been most appropriate to be applied in order to understand the communicative process in question as well as its role in changing the horizon of expectations of Serbian readers, is based on the analysis and comparison of all the relevant elements that form part of this aspect of the interpretive reception in Serbia.

Termékenységkultusz és paráznaság Hóseás próféciájában. Hós 4,12–14 értelmezésének kérdései

Author(s): Norbert Magyar / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 2/2020

In his well-known metaphor, the Book of Hosea describes the relation between YHWH and the people of Israel through the marriage imagery. Contemporary scholarship treats this metaphor in different ways. The diverging interpretations derive, on the one hand, from the dissimilar understandings of the cultic circumstances of Hosea’s age, involve high uncertainty. Moreover, the text of Hosea is regarded as one of the most challenging compositions in the Hebrew Bible. Finally, from a redaction-historical point of view Hosea is again a very complex book that needs careful approach. The most debated question concerning Hosea and the fertility cult seems to be the existence or absence of an institution of sacred prostitution within the ancient world. A decisive conclusion in this regard is impossible at the moment. While recent studies tend to question the existence of this practice, our analysis allows interpreting Hos 4,14 as a description of a sacred prostitute. The proposal that this woman, termed הָ שֵׁ דְ ק ,should be regarded as person having a devoted cultic role, is worth considering. Nonetheless, based on the meagre amount of data at our disposal, this study argues that her sexual activity did not stem from this role itself, but from her loose morals and willingness of attracting partners. Within the necessary limits of a case study, the resources and texts reviewed by us hig.

Парменид – За природата

Author(s): / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 02/2020

Crassorum umbrae. Pamięć o Marku Licyniuszu Krassusie w „Farsalii” Lukana

Author(s): Tomasz Babnis / Language(s): Polish Issue: 15/2020

Marcus Licinius Crassus is hardly one of the main characters in Lucan’s Pharsalia. However, it is him whom the poet mentions first by name in his work. A dozen of so references to the triumvir himself and his son Publius (particularly frequent in Book VIII of the poem) render an image that is fairly consistent. It contain, most importantly, the Parthian expedition and the death of Crassus in the Battle of Carrhae (53 BC). Thereafter Crassus became the symbol of external war set against civil war which Lucan castigates. Lucan also utilizes the political idea of revenge for Crassus. This idea was created at the end of the Republican Age and therefore Augustan poets reached out for it frequently. References to the fallen Crassus shed light on other characters of Pharsalia, such as Pompeius, Lentulus, and Cornelia. Thereby, although not being an autonomous character, Crassus plays his modest part in the structure of Lucan’s epic.

Le premier pouvoir royal et national effectif dans l’Orient Antique

Author(s): Nedelcho Nedelchev / Language(s): French Issue: 3-4/2000

THE MESOLITHIC CEMETERY OF GROß FREDENWALDE (NORTH-EASTERN GERMANY) AND ITS CULTURAL AFFILIATIONS

Author(s): Andreas Kotula,Henny Piezonka,Thomas Terberger / Language(s): English Issue: 46/2020

The site of Groß Fredenwalde was discovered in 1962 and has been known as a Mesolithic multiple burial since 14C-dates verified an early Atlantic age in the early 1990s. New research since 2012 reconstructed the situation of the poorly documented rescue excavation in 1962 and identified six individuals from at least two separate burials. The new excavations uncovered more burials and Groß Fredenwalde stands out as the largest Mesolithic cemetery in North Central Europe and the oldest cemetery in Germany. In this paper the known burial evidence from this site is presented and the location of the cemetery, mortuary practices, and grave goods are discussed in a broader European context. Northern and Eastern connections appear especially tangible in Groß Fredenwalde and it is suggested that the community associated with the Groß Fredenwalde Mesolithic cemetery was integrated into wider cultural networks connected to the North and East.

NEOLITHIC SOCIETIES AND THEIR POTTERY IN SOUTH-EASTERN LITHUANIA

Author(s): EGLĖ ŠATAVIČĖ / Language(s): English Issue: 46/2020

South-Eastern Lithuanian Stone Age pottery reflects the way of life, nutrition, social status, artistic expression, and intercommunity relationships of its creators and users. Natural conditions unfavourable for the survival of organic material and the intermingling of artefacts from different periods in sandy settlements limit the ability to precisely date and reconstruct the long, distinctive process of Neolithisation that began in the late 6th millennium bc. Analysing the traces of ceramic vessel use, the structure of the pottery, the coiling and decoration technologies, their changes and reasons, it is possible to understand better the traditions of the Forest Neolithic communities and the encounters of different influences in SE Lithuania.

KOMI MYTHOLOGY. EDITORS VLADIMIR NAPOLSKIKH, ANNA-LEENA SIIKALA, MIHÁLY HOPPÁ

Author(s): Stasys Skrodenis / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 29/2005

Review of: Stasys Skrodenis - Komi Mythology. Editors Vladimir Napolskikh, Anna-Leena Siikala, Mihály Hoppál. – Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó; Helsinki: Finnish Literature Society, 2003. – 436 p. (Encyclopaedia of Uralic Mythologies.)

М. Ю. ВИДЕЙКО. ТРИПIЛЬСКА ЦИВIЛIЗАЦIЯ

Author(s): Nijole Laurinkiene / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 29/2005

Review of: Nijolė Laurinkienė - М. Ю. Видейко. Трипiльска цивiлiзацiя. Киϊв, 2003. – 183 р.

Medieval Jewerly with Cowrie Shell (Cypraea pantherina) –Archaeological Context and Historical Realities

Author(s): Aleksandra Petrova,Maria Christova-Penkova / Language(s): English Issue: 52/2019

The authors are considering the archeological context in which the cowrieshells appear on the territory of medieval Bulgaria. Their attention is drawn to the factthat these shells are endemic to the Red Sea, Arabian and Gul f of Aden, which raises the question of the ways of their spread in the Balkans, and, in particular, the territory of Bulgaria. Their discovery in the pagan necropolis near Balchik, dated around the 7th – 8thcenturies, and their absence in the later necropolises of the First Bulgarian Kingdom makeus think that they have been brought from their original territories. Cowries have been witnessed in several necropolises on the Northern Black Sea and the Caucasus, where they come from the Transcaucasian trade routes. The most numerous samples of cowries from the territory of Bulgaria are found as part of glass bead beads in necropolises from the 11th– 13th centuries. Their distribution is probably related to the establishment of crusaders in the Middle East. One might assume they were traded between returning pilgrims from the Holy Sepulcher and the local population. After losing control over the Holy Land by the Crusaders, these ornaments stop appearing into Bulgarian territory. Their return was witnessed during the excavation of late middle ages necropolises dating from the 15th –17th centuries and may be associated with the restoration of trade contacts with theMiddle East within the Ottoman Empire.

Ein neuer Astynomenname und einige Randbemerkungen zu den Keramikstempeln von Sinope

Author(s): Jelena V. Bolonkina,Nikolai Jefremow,Andrei B. Kolesnikov / Language(s): German Issue: 52/2019

The article offers a matrix of an amphora stamp of Sinope with a newname of the astynom Ἀσκληπιάδης . A comparison with the already known stamps of this production center (form and content of the stamp legend, paleography) allows to date 1 this official in the 270th years.

De Sinope au Danube: itinéraire de deux amphores du milieu du IIIe siècle av. J.-C.

Author(s): Thibaut Castelli,Constantin Nicolae / Language(s): French Issue: 52/2019

L’étude de ces deux amphores sinopéennes conservées au musée de Hârșova permet de mieux comprendre le fonctionnement du commerce à destination de ssites de la rive du Danube au cours du IIIe siècle av. J.-C.

Notices épigraphiques et onomastiques (Scythie Mineure/Dobroudja) (II)

Author(s): Dan Dana / Language(s): French Issue: 52/2019

Cette deuxième série de sept notices épigraphiques et onomastiques concerne des inscriptions grecques et latines – épitaphes et dédicaces – d’époque impérialeet tardo-antique découvertes sur le territoire de la Scythie Mineure (Dobroudja). Les pro -positions de lecture (améliorations, corrections de détail, éliminations de noms fantômescomme Diocas, Diocatus, Gaiones, Inserus, Πάρφυρις), accompagnées d’illustrations permettant de contrôler les passages en question, sont suivies de commentaires onomastiques et d’autres interprétations.

Notes épigraphiques (X)

Author(s): Alexandru Avram / Language(s): French Issue: 52/2019

This new series of epigraphical notes (continuous numbering) suggests new restorations for six funerary inscriptions: one from Callatis, four from Tomis and onefrom Tomis’ territory (Mihail Kogălniceanu) :37. Funerary inscription ISM III 211 from Callatis, in which a citizen from Heraclea Pontica can be recognized.38. Funerary inscription ISM II 253 from Tomis set up by a goldsmith for his wife originating very probably from Alexandria.39. Funerary inscription ISM II 308 from Tomis.40. Funerary inscription ISM II 358 from Tomis.41. Funerary inscription ISM II 434 from Tomis.42. Funerary inscription ISM II 331 from Mihail Kogălniceanu (Tomis’ territory).40. Funerary inscription ISM II 358 from Tomis.41. Funerary inscription ISM II 434 from Tomis.42. Funerary inscription ISM II 331 from Mihail Kogălniceanu (Tomis’ territory).

O monedă tomitană pentru Severus Alexander și câteva observații privind datarea emisiunilor monetare bătute la Tomis pentru acest împărat

Author(s): Corneliu Bogdan Nicolae Beldianu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 52/2019

Starting from a very interesting coin, a Tomis issue – type ”emperor withtrophy” - for Severus Alexander (AMNG No. 3254) with an overstruck reverse (a deitywith a patera in the right hand can be seen in the field of the coin), this study wishes todiscuss the time when the monetary issues dedicated to this emperor was issued by the mint of this city. Thus, a comparative analysis of the official Roman and provincial monetary issues, with the specified issuance year, has made it possible to establish alimited period of time for strucking these issues, between the beginning of the Persian campaign and the end of the reign of emperor Severus Alexander.Why were they issued? It is another question to which an answer is sought based on ancient writings, but also on modern studies.At the same time, the analysis of the monetary issues, strucked by the mint of Tomis,with a reverse dedicated to Emperor Severus Alexander raises serious questions about how the Roman propaganda was spread in the provinces and about how the types of monetary issues by provincial mints were chosen. These Tomis' monetary types have analogies among the Roman official types, issued by Rome or Antioch, but (surprisingly or perhaps not) also among those issued by mint of Alexandria (Egypt).

Red Ochre – for Special Dead and Dangerous Dead (Use of Red Ochre in the Burial Practices During the Late Eneolithic by Data from the Territory of Bulgaria)

Author(s): Vanya Stavreva / Language(s): English Issue: 51/2018

In this article the author presents the use of red ochre in the burial rituals during the Late Eneolithic on the territory of Bulgaria. Approximately 1,200 graves have been analyzed in necropolises, settlement mounds and in unusual places, where ochre was found to be selectively and relatively rarely used, and this outlines it an unusual burial practice. At the same time, its presence in graves was documented throughout the surveyed area - it occurs in 70% of the necropolis, which gives the author reason to believe that this practice is part of the standard burial ritual applied in special cases for „special" dead or for „dangerous" dead. What is interesting is that these practices are present in some of the richest graves. The author suggests possible interpretations of the reasons for ochre use.