Deconstructing Narratives. Third Generation Arts-Based Research on Image-Connected Memories Rooted in Silences

Author(s): Zsuzsi Flohr / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2023

This article is an attempt to employ arts-based research, a non-traditional, interdisciplinary methodology to create a non-exiting “family archive” from anecdotes photographs and scattered documents. The “family archive” is based on interviews of family members who were born after the Holocaust and supplemented with additional research conducted at the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, the Arolsen Archives, Yad Vashem, and other archives. The text itself navigates the reader between the different truths, plumbing the fundamental disagreements between the interviewees who belong to the Second Generation, the generation of postmemory. In the center of the interviews there is a backpack which plays an important role as it is a “ghost”, functioning as a magical object, a vessel of the family fable. The recreated backpack helped to push aside the taboo on speaking about the Holocaust, and opened up an active dialogue, by bringing together comparative and interdisciplinary approaches through visual art. This intellectual and artistic move seeks to give credit where credit was not given before, for those narratives which were never listened to earlier.

Ante Glavičić. Čuvar i promotor graditeljske baštine Senja i okolice

Author(s): Helena Schaps Knifić / Language(s): English,Croatian Issue: 1/2023

Ante Glavičić, one of the greatest people from Senj, belongs to the class of those who gave their hometown expert knowledge, enthusiasm, persistence and all their energy in the struggles for the recognition, preservation and affirmation of all kinds of cultural heritage. This applies especially to construction, the most present thing in the daily life of the people of Senj and visitors to the town. Alongside biographical information about the family of Professor Glavičić, the paper provides an overview of Ante Glavičić’s scientific and research interest and opus, which includes areas of cultural activity important for the town of Senj. These are: museological activity, conservation activity, archaeological and other field research in Senj, Podgorje, Velebit, Lika and Velika Kapela, professional-scientific and other journalism (published in Senjski zbornik nos. 1-30 and in archaeological journals), the history of Senj and its surroundings since the settlement of the Croats, the settlement of the Bunjevci people, the bombing of the town in the Second World War, the history of the Independent State of Croatia and the national liberation struggle, the labour movement and ethnography, social life and activities such as literacy, printing, literature, literary and humorous literature, folklore, music, firefighting, sports, etc. The activity of Professor Glavičić as the leader of the Senj Museum Society and the Senj Town Museum and the founder and lifelong editor-in-chief of the Senjski zbornik is especially highlighted. With his journalistic work, he created a scientific platform for further research for future generations. He incorporated knowledge, communication skills, the art of avoiding dangers from the political spectrum, persuasiveness and persistence in fundraising and all other abilities into the inherited material and intangible wealth of Senj.

On some fundamental problems in the study of Balkan prehistory

Author(s): Blagoje Govedarica / Language(s): English Issue: 52/2023

No other discipline is determined by external issues to such a degree as is archaeology. Let it suffice to mention the fact that very important archaeological finds are usually not discovered by archaeologists, but by amateurs and farmers in fields. Further, the direction of archaeological investigations is generally not defined by scientific reason, but by cultural, political and economic interests, including tourism and construction activity. Hence, one consequence is the lack of systematic research strategy. This inevitably leads to a poorly argued scientific synthesis, which has to be corrected every few years, or completely rejected. Such problems burden archaeological practice in all parts of Europe, yet the discipline has still not developed a comprehensive strategy for the systematic resolution of these issues. Due to a combination of different circumstances, all of these problems are particularly prominent in the study of prehistory of the Balkans, and this will become apparent from the tree examples presented in the paper.

ZAMISLITI DRUGAČIJU HISTORIJU: O VIDLJIVOSTI ŽENE U IDEOLOŠKIM ZAMISLIMA ŽENSKOG RODA

Author(s): Mevlida Đuvić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 24/2023

Review of: Sabina Veladžić i Aida Ličina Ramić (ur.), Zamišljanje žene. O ideološkim i kulturnim konceptima ženskog roda u povijesti Bosne i Hercegovine, Heinrich-Bӧll-Stiftung Sarajevo / Fondacija Heinrich Bӧll, Sarajevo, 2023

Introduction. Precarious Archives, Precarious Voices. Expanding Jewish Narratives from the Margins

Author(s): Julie Dawson,Marianne Windsperger / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2023

When we began planning the conference from which this journal arose, our objectives were to examine two aspects of precarity in scholarship on Jewish history and the Shoah.2 First, we were interested in foregrounding archival survey or preservation projects focussed on material precarity – archival records in physical danger, records which had been neglected, lost, hidden, or damaged over time (specifically in the wake of or due to the destructions wrought by World War II), or those about which researchers simply did not or could not know, whether as a result of human intent or ignorance. We hoped to hear from researchers, archivists, and cultural workers who were working to stabilise, preserve, and bring to light such material and to receive intimations of the contents the material may contain: which insights might current and future historians gain by way of examining this “new” material?

The Re(con)figuration of Knowledge

Author(s): Hubert Knoblauch / Language(s): English Issue: 23/2022

On the Different Criteria of Global and Local Success for Scholars in Peripheral Social Sciences

Author(s): Tomasz Zarycki / Language(s): English Issue: 23/2022

Are We Still at War with the Other: Media Language Now and Then on Roma, Gypsies and Travellers

Author(s): Desislava Cheshmedzhieva-Stoycheva / Language(s): English Issue: 28/2023

The focus of the paper is upon a comparison of the language media in Bulgaria and the UK when talking about ethnic minorities, and more specifically on Roma in Bulgaria and Gypsies and Travellers in the UK. Applying the sociocognitivist approach within the Critical discourse studies (van Dijk 2016), I revisit one of the most frequent metaphors, i.e. the one related to WAR, used by the media at the beginning of the century (2001-2005) and in 2020-2022. The reason to select that particular device is the fact that metaphors reflect thinking patterns and emotions that people share and are conducive to the establishment of a generalized image of various phenomena, and, in this particular case, of an ethnic group. At the same time, I hypothesize that the pandemic would probably take media attention away from ethnic minorities and thus coverage of the groups would be scantier and the language, in case there are articles on Roma and Gypsies and Travellers, more neutral and void of metaphors. The corpus for the analysis at hand comprises some of the most popular dailies circulated online in Bulgaria and the UK. The analysis has shown that despite the time difference and the pandemic, the attitude and the language the Bulgarian and the British media use in their presentations of this ethnic group in particular has not changed significantly and has not been affected significantly by Covid-19.

EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN GENEALOGICAL STUDIES ON THE HISTORY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

Author(s): Olena Tverytnykova / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2023

The purpose of the study is to analyse the peculiarities of using the archives of research and educational institutions as an integral part of the source base of genealogical research on the history of science and technology and to identify the degree of digitalisation of archival collections. The research methodology is based on theoretical developments in history and related sciences, as well as the use of basic approaches to cognition and dialectics, the application of the principles of historical science such as objectivity, scientificity, historicism, universality, systematicity, specificity; the principle of a specific historical approach – historicism – the integrity of the source. The organic blending of general scientific and special research methods in the complex makes it possible to carry out a comprehensive analysis of the topic. The methods of generalisation, analogy, synthesis, analysis, formal logic, as well as historical and chronological, historical and comparative, historical and genetic, historical and typological methods were used in the scientific search, which contributed to obtaining new results in the study of this topic. The scientific novelty of the article is to actualise the issue of using the funds of archives of research and educational centres in conducting genealogical research on the history of science and technology. The systematisation of historiographical sources containing information of genealogical nature is proposed, their information potential is characterised. The reliability degree of the identified sources and the need to introduce new components of the source base of genealogical research on the history of science and technology are determined. The methodological foundations for reconstructing the genealogies of Ukrainian scientists on the basis of representative, diverse sources have been further developed. The necessity of digitalisation of the archival collections of scientific and educational centres, the introduction of information technologies as the main factor in improving the quality of scientific research is substantiated.

Traktorlámpából diszkófény

Author(s): Eszter Kovács / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 2/2023

The case study reconstructs the operation of the Lăzarea (Gyergyószárhegy) disco in the 1980s, taking into account the informal networks, official prohibitions and permissions, and the phenomenon of socialist DIY. The case study shows that operating the disco with cooperative techniques and tolerance from the authorities produced a thriving business. It was considered a legitimate leisure opportunity by the state, but behind the formal framework an informal network operated the disco, whose function was the use and distribution of Western European and American media products and consumer goods.

Prikaz drugih i drukčijih u akadskoj književnoj tradiciji, iz perspektive Emmanuela Levinasa

Author(s): Robert Stubičar / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 7/2023

In the paper Portrait of the different and the others in Akkadian literary tradition, from the perspective of Emmanuel Levinas, the author will, with the help of literary and historical sources from the Akkadian literary tradition, investigate the existence of the different and the others in Akkadian scripture and in their society. The concept of otherness, within Akkadian society, will be linked to the characters of literary works, their sexual orientation, gender, race, disability, ethnic and national affiliation. Furthermore, due to the fact that this topic is socially determined, it is necessary to present the social groups that are identified as the different and the other, not just in the literary, but also in the social and civilizational sense, that is, in the form of their position in Akkadian society. Based on this, with the help of Levinas’s nterpretation of the other and otherness, it will be concluded that the ancient Akkadians were a type of society that successfully integrated the different and the others into their society, and in this way those people were enabled to live a normal and dignified life like other members of their community.

Kolektivna agentivnost i toposi u funkciji gradnje rimskog nacionalnog i nadnacionalnog identiteta u historiografskom narativu V. Paterkula

Author(s): Seada Brkan / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 7/2023

Language, as the linguistic manifestation of extralinguistic experiences, often functions as a means for the creation and expression of societal inequality. In addition to the fact that the participants of social reality are almost never socially equal, which means that someone has power over others, the linguistic reflection of those relationships always derives from the author, who has the power to control the context; his practical instrumentation comes from his own lexical and grammatical choices, as well as their conscious and targeted combination. In this paper, the focus is on noticing and distinguishing, and analyzing and interpreting the choices of V. Paterculus as an author within the framework of collective agency and the topoi with which the Roman national identity is first built, and then positioned as superior to the identities of the peoples with whom the Romans came into contact. While for authors from the 1st century A.D. the language strategies touched on in this paper were not available, since they were neither described nor defined before the 20th century, ancient writers used them completely unconsciously in their spontaneous writing; therefore, these texts, as well as modern ones, are subject to linguistic analysis, interpretation and criticism precisely according to the guidelines of modern language criteria. In this paper one of the possible methods of analysis of the construction of the national and supranational identity of a nation in the historiographical discourse will be offered; the analysis will be based on discursive strategies and macro-strategies offered by the discursive-historical approach and based on empirical data gathered in tabular reviews. An indispensable part of the analysis will be the analyst’s criticism, which derives from democratic norms, human rights and the criteria of rational argumentation from today’s temporal, cultural and political context, because the purpose of critical discourse studies is to expose and point out how domination, i.e., the abuse of social power and inequality, are realized and reproduced in text and speech, but also on how to oppose them in a social and political context (van Dijk 2001, 352).

Silvanov kult na području istočnog dela rimske provincije Dalmacije

Author(s): Radmila Zotović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 7/2023

On the territory of the eastern part of the Roman Province of Dalmatia, the cult of Roman god Sylvan mostly occurs in votive aras and votive reliefs. In one case, the cult representing young Sylvan occurs in a form of a bronze statuete while the other case refers to an epystole beam with Sylvan involved in a cult symbiosis with the genius of civitas likely to be dated in the period of Emperor Hadrian. All other monuments can be dated in a wider chronological period between the middle of the 2nd century and the 3rd century.

Novi nalazi i perspektive arheoloških istraživanja urbanog i upravnog središta municipija Aquae

Author(s): Salmedin Mesihović,Amra Šačić Beća / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 7/2023

The introduction of this paper gives a short overview of the results of archaeological, historiographic, and epigraphic research of the Roman municipium Aquae. The urban center of the municipium Aquae was in Ilidža, one of nine municipalities of the Sarajevo Canton. In 2022, at the right bank of the Željeznica river, an unpublished Roman-period monument was recorded. Analysis has determined that this is a fragment of a tombstone (cippus) or an honorary inscription (tituli publici). Moreover, this paper addresses the issue of unregistered archaeological material from the Roman period that is recorded in the Željeznica riverbed and near previously corroborated archaeological sites in Ilidža. In this context, two fragments of honorary bases stand out. One of these fragments has preserved indentations that served to attach the statue or bust to the base. Finally, the paper includes maps made as the result of systematic research in 1979. This research was conducted by the Sarajevo City Institute for the Protection and Organization of Cultural Monuments (today’s Cantonal Institution for the Protection of Cultural, Historical and Natural Heritage of Sarajevo).

Giovanni Brandi Cordasco Salmena, Nossalità, falsa, nossalità e magia. Negli illeciti agricoli e pastorali dalla codificazione decemvirale al primo Principato,

Author(s): Mirza Hebib / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 7/2023

Review of: Giovanni Brandi Cordasco Salmena, Nossalità, falsa, nossalità e magia. Negli illeciti agricoli e pastorali dalla codificazione decemvirale al primo Principato, “L’ERMA” di Bretschneider, Roma, 2023, 260 str.

Šokački agrarni pokret u Dražu i Gajiću 1897.-1898. (Kako je baranjsko Prekodravlje postalo dijelom Kraljevine SHS)

Author(s): László Heka / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 23/2023

The rebellion of the Šokci that broke out in 1897 in Draž and Gajić is one of the most significant events in the history of Hungarian social democracy. It started in southeastern Baranya and was at its peak in January 1898 when the uprising had taken hold of 26 settlements in the districts of Baranyavár / Branjin Vrh, Mohács and Siklós. In the settlements of Baranyavár / Branjin Vrh, Darázs / Draž, Dály-ok / Duboševica, Hercegmárok / Gajić, Kásád / Kašad, Lőcs / Luč, Szentmárton / Martince, Petarda, Izsép / Topolje and Torjanci, the majority population was Croatian; among the socialist agitators the majority were Croats along with a significant share of Hungarians and a quite large proportion of Germans. Although at the time, the authorities and the newspapers reported on the nationalist movement of the Šokci-Croats, in the last few decades researchers and scholars have agreed that the socialist – agrarian movement was not marked by nationality because among the malcontents there were also Hungarians and Germans as well as Serbs living in villages affected by the rebellion. However, it must be said that although the movement enjoyed wide support among the inhabitants in the villages of the Šokci, in villages with a Hungarian majority (Kopács / Kopačevo, Sepse / Kotlina, Laskó / Lug, Csúza / Suza, Várdaróc / Vardarac) the socialist organizations that had also been established, did not have a base anything like as large as in the villages of the Šokci. By using the term “rebellion of the Šokci” the intention of the local authorities was probably to play down the severity of the rebellion, refraining from mentioning that it had also affected the villages with German and Hungarian majorities. Particular emphasis was placed on the claim that the Šokci had “separated themselves from the Church” and become members of a sect. This should be kept in mind because good Šokci were considered “good Hungarians” and “devoted believers of the Catholic Church”. It was precisely for these characteristics that the Hungarians boasted of “their Šokci”, especially in Mohač and the surroundings. However, the discontent shown in the “rebellion of the Šokci” attained such proportions that not even the police were able to control them and a military intervention was necessary. As the historical Baranya county (vármegye, županija) was occupied in 1918, the Serbian military authorities and the Belgrade government endeavoured to win the local population over. Among the population there were differences in regard to nationality, religion and world view, however, the municipality was specific in that it was the centre of the agrarian and social-democratic movement and inasmuch as the majority of the population was non-Hungarian. Along with the most numerous German community, there were also many Šokci (Croats) and Serbs whom the Kingdom of the SHS tried to win over, in order to incorporate this area as part of the Yugoslav state. Accordingly, they affirmed they would conduct an agrarian reform, accentuated the fraternal and blood relations of the Serbs and Croats (Šokci and Bunjevci) and allowed the uninterrupted operation of the socialist-democratic movement.

Elita na mikropodručju: Vinkovci 1939.-1945.

Author(s): Sandra Horvat / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 23/2023

Based on Michael Mann’s typology of elites, the paper describes the continuities and changes in the composition and activities of the Vinkovci elite during the Banovina of Croatia and the Independent State of Croatia. Based on archival sources and the local press, the lives and ideological aspirations of members of the local ideological and political elite in the observed period are reconstructed. The paper can be characterized as a case study or litmus paper for studying these changes in another time or in another area. Starting from the assumption that the changes that affect the macro area in some way reflect on the micro level, it was investigated to what extent there was a change in the town’s ruling elite. The main thesis of the paper has been confirmed. Changes occurred during both regimes, but differences in the intensity of these changes are significant. The mayors of Vinkovci during the Banovina of Croatia were people close to the ruling Croatian Peasant Party (HSS), while after the establishment of the Independent State of Croatia (NDH), the NDH authorities appointed a new mayor. There were also changes in the ideological elite of the town – manifested through the press and education system. For instance, the same weekly Hrvatski branik clashed with dissidents during both regimes. During the Banovina of Croatia, the editorial board did not hesitate to criticize some former officials with whom it did not share ideological beliefs, while during the Independent State of Croatia the new editorial board dealt with the political opponents in an even more striking way.

Županja u 18. stoljeću: od pustog sela do središta župe

Author(s): Marija Lendarić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 23/2023

After the end of the war between the Holy League and the Ottoman Empire (1683 - 1699) and the conclusion of the Treaty of Carlowitz (1699), Slavonia, devastated by the war, was ready to be repopulated. Many returned to their abandoned villages, and refugees from south of the Sava were looking for their place in the desolated areas of Slavonia. The Franciscans of the Province of Bosna Srebrena, as well as the central government in Vienna, played a role in these migration movements. The Franciscans tried to save their parishioners from regions still under the Ottoman rule by settling them in their desolated parishes in safer areas of Slavonia. The authorities, on the other hand, tried to populate the deserted villages in order to make Slavonia economically and militarily useful again. Thus, at the turn of the 17th and 18th centuries, Županja shared the fate of many Slavonian villages. Ten years after the conclusion of the Treaty of Carlowitz, the desolate village of Županja was repopulated and incorporated into the Bošnjaci parish, under the pastoral care of the Franciscans. In the middle of the 18th century, due to changes in the Church government, and through the mediation of the secular government, Županja becomes the center of the parish, which remained unchanged until the end of the century.

Nacionalna endogamija i dvostruki standardi: seksualnost i nacionalizam u istočnoj središnjoj Europi tijekom 19. stoljeća

Author(s): Alexander Maxwell / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 23/2023

Tijekom „dugoga devetnaestog stoljeća“ nacionalizam je počeo prodirati u sve aspekte europskog društva, a ujedno i u stavove prema ljudskoj seksualnosti. Seksualnost, kao i nacionalizam, kompleksni su fenomeni koji se isprepliću na bezbroj načina. Ipak, nacionalna endogamija vjerojatno je najkarakterističnije nacionalna od svih seksualnih atributa: kvalitete poput čednosti ili vjernosti, koje su se često smatrale tipičnim za određenu nacionalnu skupinu, imaju religiozna i društvena obilježja neovisno o nacionalizmu. Osoba koja nacionalnost učini odlučujućim faktorom kod izbora seksualnih partnera ne samo da određeni koncept nacije čini osnovnim obilježjem seksualne vrline, nego i naciju implicitno definira u smislu seksualnosti. Ovaj rad istražuje nacionalnu seksualnu endogamiju u središnjoj i istočnoj Europi tijekom 19. stoljeća. Rad raspravlja o domoljubima koji su se zalagali za nacionalnu endogamiju: njihovim idealima, seksualnom životu te pokušajima da dovedu u sklad često nesuglasje između jednoga i drugoga. Nekoliko je domoljuba naciju definiralo kroz seksualnost, pri čemu je ženska seksualnost igrala posebnu ulogu. Možda nacija jest bila „nacionalno bratstvo“, no njezin je opstanak ovisio o ženskoj seksualnosti: kao što su primijetile Yuval-Davis i Floya Anthias, žene su bile „biološki reproducenti etničkih kolektiva“. Nacionalno majčinstvo za pretpostavku ima seksualno aktivne nacionalno osviještene žene te stoga opsežna literatura o nacionalnom majčinstvu nacionalnu seksualnost implicitno prepoznaje kao uvod u nacionalno rađanje i odgoj djece. Nekolicina znanstvenika je, pak, istražila „nacionalizaciju“ seksualne želje kao takve. Ova analiza pažnju usmjerava na tekstove koji obrađuju seksualnost, uključujući brak, ne obazirući se na nacionalizaciju roditeljstva ili djetinjstva.

Stanje gospodarstva vukovarskog kraja na prijelazu iz 19. u 20. stoljeće na temelju izvještaja o stanju javne uprave Županije srijemske

Author(s): Vinko Živić,Mario Kevo / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 23/2023

Based on published archival sources and literature, the authors present the most important aspects that influenced on the economic development of the city and the district of Vukovar at the turn of the 19th to the 20th century. Vukovar as the center of the then Srijem (Syrmia) county is located on a very favorable traffic position characterized by the navigability of the Danube river. That position was one of the foundations of the economic development of that region, among other factors. Influenced by numerous political, social, natural and geographical elements, the city and district of Vukovar went through a transformation and became one of the most significant economic points of the Eastern Slavonia and Srijem.