Perceiving Religious Mysticism in the Key of Political Repression.

Author(s): Ioana Ursu / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2019

L’effondrement des États communistes de l’Europe de l’Est a mis en lumière des histoires d’héroïsmependant la répression et fait parler d’oppression, de survie et de dignité. Cependant, les tendances historiogra-phiques récentes cherchent désormais à comprendre les aspects systémiques des quarante-cinq années de Régimecommuniste en Roumanie. Les études culturelles et sociales, l’histoire comparée, la et l’histoire orale, entre autres,interprètent et redimensionnent nos conceptions sur le mode de vie pendant le communisme. En partant d’uneapproche post-révisionniste, s’appuyant sur une analyse du discours et sur la sémantique, la présente étude sepropose d’interpréter quelques extraits des archives de la police politique (Securitate) concernant l’histoire dugroupe d’intellectuels et de clercs connu sous le nom de Rugul aprins (Buisson ardent), qui ont été cibles de la ré-pression communiste et incarcérés ensemble pour agissements contre l’ordre social. Puisque leurs préoccupations spirituelles et leur philosophie culturelle témoignaient pleinement d’une attitude anti-communiste et d’une cri-tique du régime socialiste, ils sont devenus l’objet d’un suivi informatif de la Securitate, puis inculpés lors d’un procès mené pendant la seconde vague répressive du régime, en 1958. La présente recherche suit la trame narra-tive et les thèmes du discours de la Securitate, en essayant en même temps de proposer une interprétation de la façon dont les institutions répressives se rapportaient face à l’idée de religiosité et de ‘mysticisme’.

The Musical Instruments in the Early Vernacular Translations of the Psalms.

Author(s): Ana-Maria Gânsac,Ágnes Korondi,Catherine Mary MacRobert,Cinzia Pignatelli,Cosmin Popa-Gorjanu,Christelle Chaillou-Amadieu,Emanuel Conțac,Eduard Rusu,Hana Kreisingerová,Ileana Sasu,Iosif Camară,Kateřina Voleková,Mădălina Ungureanu,Vladimir Agrigoroaei / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2019

Following in the footsteps of the two conferences of Poi-tiers (Heresy and Bible translation in the Middle Ages and at the dawn of the Renaissance, October 27, 2017, Centre d’Études Supérieures de Civilisation Médiévale) and Alba Iulia (Vernacular Psalters and the Early Rise of Linguistic Identities, June 27-28, 2018, Museikon), the nucleus of researchers already collaborating in a previous Museikon pu-blication (Vernacular Psalters and the Early Rise of Linguis-tic Identities: The Romanian Case, Bucharest, dark Publi-shing / Muzeul Național al Unirii Alba Iulia, ‘Museikon Stu-dies’, 1, 2019) decided to expand the scope of their commoneffort and see how a comparative philological approach would work on a practical level. The idea of this collective research and paper came naturally in the early stages of thepreparation of a future project dealing with a comparativeapproach of vernacular Psalters and Gospels both in rela-tion to their high-prestige Greek, Latin, or Church Slavonicsources, and at an intravernacular level, where some of them could have influenced the others. The comparisons bet-ween vernacular translations are useful for the identification of translation clusters active in several languages and for the reconstruction of a pan-European forma mentis which shaped the early vernacular renderings of the Bible.The present paper is also an editorial test. While experi-menting with format, the contributors equally tested how common publications such as this may be replicated in thenear future, in a journal dedicated only to a comparativephilological study of early Bible translations. The current subject (musical instruments terminology) was chosen in order to provide a representative prospective section ofThe Musical Instruments in the Early Vernacularagakcmmcpcpgccaecerhkisickvmuvathe entire corpus. New collaborators were invited to join inand contribute to the exploration of the more difficultaspects of the study, thus anticipating the opening of philology to a wider array of disciplines, according to the needs of the explored realia. Since the topic is far from being exhausted and since many European languages are not yet dealt with, the study will be continued in the next issue of Museikon.

Книги 2019

Author(s): Emiliya Voleva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 39/2019

Selected bibliography in the field of Bulgarian Studies published in the current year.

Градове, маскаради, идентичности (По примери от Унгария)

Author(s): Veneta Yankova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2019

The text analyzes specific examples from the festive life of the Hungarian cities of Mohács and Debrecen and in particular different manifestations of the contemporary masquerade game. The author pays attention to the construction of urban identity (part A) and searches for basic characteristics of the urban cultural space as a place of national memory (part B). The field research method is applied for the purposes of the present study. In conclusion it is noted that it is especially important for the participants to identify with a particular masquerade community that builds additional social networks outside of the carnival chronotope. The consistency with the culture and traditions of the city is also significant as far as these are manifestations of urban identity. The national identity finds expression in symbols and signs of the national manifested under conditions of deterritorialization. Through the self-perception of the people in the city (as people tied to it and belonging to it) and through their identification with it, the urban social space acquires its anthropological dimensions contributing to its unique spirit and particularity (genius loci).

Междувоенна България в изображения. Диагностично проучване по история и цивилизация в VI клас

Author(s): Maria Nikolova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2015

The article presents the results of а didactic diagnostic test which was conducted among students of VI degree in 138. „Prof. Vassil Zlatarski“ School. The results of the diagnostic study reveal the students’ abilities to work with images, such as explaining the causes and consequences of historical events, comparing images and compilation of short text answers.

Годишно съдържание

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 6/2015

Условия за появата на предприемаческо съсловие в Сопот, Карлово и Калофер през Възраждането

Author(s): Ivaylo Naydenov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2020

The purpose of this article is revealing the conditions and prerequisites for the “birth” of the entrepreneurial class in Sopot, Karlovo and Kalofer during the 18th-19th centuries. The main conclusion is that the combination of a favorable external environment and appropriate personal qualities make possible the appearance of people with enterprising spirit. In other words, Bulgarian Revival entrepreneurs from Sopot, Karlovo and Kalofer are born, but they are also made through the accumulated experience and knowledge.

Лабиринт и избор в творческите търсения на Христо Попконстантинов – виден родопчанин и общественик

Author(s): Maria Glavcheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2020

In this article, we aim to reveal some of Hristo Popkonstantinov's rich literary heritage, as well as biographical details about him. We study archival materials and information in literary resources. The scientific methods used are: the historical-chronological as well as the specific methods of archivism. The depth of the author's searches in the novel “The Physics of Sorrow” by contemporary Bulgarian writer Georgi Gospodinov, intertwining the past and present in a special and successful way, led us to think that we could connect our scientific study of one of the most prominent Rhodopes with the topic of the maze and the choice that must inevitably be made. In the complicate labyrinth of Bulgarian post-liberation reality,Hristo Popkonstantinov masterfully overcomes the confusion of many possible exits through his sense of the right direction – namely tireless and stubborn self education,preservation of the Bulgarian historical and folk heritage and respect to the Motherland. Hristo Popkonstantinov stands out as the first Rhodope writer and public figure of national importance.

Traumas of Roots and Extinction in the 20th Century Literature of Empire: The Mirror Principle in Marguerite Duras’ India Cycle (1964-71) and Ahmed Ali’s Twilight in Delhi (1940)

Author(s): Tadd Graham Fernée / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

This article comparatively analyses Marguerite Duras’ India Cycle and Ahmed Ali’s Twilight in Delhi. A Mirror Principle centres on ‘emptiness’, synthesising elements of Marxism and Buddhism. A new optic is created for understanding 1930s Indian nationalism, including Dalit and national leader Ambedkar, Tagorian “composite culture”, Mohammed Iqbal, and Islam and gender in northern India. The Mirror Principle juxtaposes Heideggerian ‘repetition’ and Marxian ‘dialectics’ as divergent anti-colonial paths. Duras and A li a re l inked b y a c ommon P roustian p roblematic o f m emory a nd e phemerality. They revolutionize the Proustian tradition to create a new literary genre in oneiric socialism. The article analyses trauma, in the French Resistance and the 1857 rebellion, and literary reconstructions of traditional roots in their wake, with differing nation-making ramifications.

Център и периферия на европеизираните публични сфери

Author(s): Ralitsa Kovacheva,Ralitsa Kovacheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2018

The text presented is dealing with the current transformations of the Europeanised public spheres. The author argues that depending on the level of presence of the current European debates in the national public sphere, we can highlight centre and periphery and in parallel with the process of Europeanisation, the opposite process is also taking place – a process of peripheralization. Besides the theoretical arguments, the book presents the results of a comparative analysis of 2014 European elections` media coverage in the most popular newspaper websites in Bulgaria and the UK (February-June 2014). 3356 publications from 8 media outlets (The Daily Telegraph, The Guardian, The Independent, Daily Mail, 24chasa.bg, Dnevnik.bg, Trud.bg and Segabg.com) have been coded and analyzed.

THE ALBANIAN QUESTION AT THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE DURING 1919-1920

Author(s): Erjon Dervishi / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2020

This paper aims to bring to the public one of the most important moments in the history of modern times of Albania. After the Albanian independence on 28 November 1912 and international recognition of Albanian state on 29 July 1913, in 1919-1920, many national and international events unraveled which initially posed a real danger for Albania to become an independent state. The Paris Peace Conference, organized after the First World War by the Great Powers which win the war, and in which 27 winning states took part, became the real world center of that time. The Albanian point of view was headed directly at this Conference, with the hope to gain its independence and to win the right of self determination for its people. The main issues of the Conference were: border correction, especially in the southern part of Albania, relations between the Balkan states regarding Albania, the position of Italy, Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, and the position of Greece over Albania, and the real threat of secret pact during the First World War and the new role of American President, Woodrow Wilson. This paper also aims to bring the attitude of the Albanian delegation at the Paris Peace Conference and the position of Italy, France, Great Britain and Greece.

Към интерпретацията на тюрбето Елмалъ баба в село Биволяне, Кърджалийско: забравена, премълчана или нечута легенда?

Author(s): Bojidar Alexiev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

The türbe of Elmalı baba in the village of Bivolyane is probably the most visited by the Heterodox Muslim Turks place of pilgrimage in Eastern Rhodopi Mountains in Bulgaria. Nevertheless, there is no information about a narrative dedicated to the worship of the saints there. Most probably the reason for that is connected to two traumatic events: the closing of the türbe by Sultan Mahmud II in 1826 and the forceful change of the names of the Turks in Bulgaria in 1984–1985. The article offers a hypothesis explaining the existence of an extremely rare co-presence of six (considered male) and one (worshiped as female) graves, which have appeared in the period between these two traumatic moments.

Принос към културната история на Източна Румелия (из епистоларното наследство на фамилията Богориди)

Author(s): Rusalena Pendzhekova-Hristeva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2020

The article presents an unknown letter from the epistolary heritage of the Bogoridi family, in French in handwritten original, sent by Emanuel Bogoridi to his uncle Alexander Bogoridi, dated June 12, 1879, currently stored in the collection of the Bulgarian Historical Archive at the National Library “Ivan Vazov” – Plovdiv. The source and archeographic aspects of the newly discovered document are examined. In terms of content, the background of the idea of founding a museum, a library, an archive and a university in Eastern Rumelia and the involvement of one of the most famous European Slavic scholars in the person of Konstantin Irechek for this cause are presented. By publishing the letter in Bulgarian for the first time, it is included in scientific circulation.

Written Sources on 17th-century Russian Icons in the Orthodox East:

Author(s): Nadezhda Chesnokova / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2020

Au 5VIIe siècle, les icônes russes avaient déjà gagné les régions post-byzantines sous domination o1o- mane de l’Orient chrétien : les contrées grecques et balkaniques, l’Afrique du Nord et l’Asie Mineure, Crète, Chy- pre, la Palestine, la Syrie et le Liban. Les archives (peu étudiées) témoignent d’une exportation élevée de peintures religieuses russes dans l’espace méditerranéen. Une grande partie de ce1e documentation se trouve aux Archives Nationales des Actes Anciens de Russie (RCODo). Ces documents ayant appartenu autrefois à l’administration diplomatique, Posol’skij Prikaz, sont conservés dans le Fonds 52 et concernent les relations entre la Russie et les centres ecclésiastiques orthodoxes situés dans l’Empire o1oman. Au 5VIIe siècle, les œuvres russes qui circu- laient en Orient étaient en grande partie le fruit des activités évergétiques des grands princes et des tsars, mais le commerce jouait aussi un rôle important dans leur transmission. À en juger par le grand nombre d’oeuvres qu’ils possédaient, leur qualité artistique et leur coût de production élevé, les patriarches devaient être les commandi- taires les plus importants. Cependant, les émissaires du tsar se rendaient en Orient pour diverses missions et apportaient également des icônes. Les Grecs qui vivaient en Russie ou qui y séjournaient longtemps envoyaient, eux aussi, des icônes russes dans leur patrie. Enfin, les icônes russes étaient exportées par les marchands grecs. À Moscou, les étrangers pouvaient commander les icônes directement auprès des peintres ou les acheter sur le marché. Les archives conservent encore des nombreux testaments de Grecs décédés à Moscou, riches en informa- tions quant aux icônes russes qu’ils ont eues en leur possession. Un bon nombre de maîtres russes ont travaillé à l’étranger, en particulier dans les Principautés de Valachie et de Moldavie. Certains étaient peintres d’églises, mais d’autres peignaient des icônes sur commande. Ces icônes passaient de main en main, au sein des familles ; étaient léguées par testament ; faisaient l’objet de dons envers les églises et les monastères ; etc. Les voies d’exportation des icônes russes vers l’étranger étaient donc des plus diverses. Les documents d’archive ne cessent pas de sur- prendre avec une variété de nouvelles informations à leur sujet.

Icons as Marketable Objects

Author(s): Katerina Seraïdari / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2020

L’étude examine les raisons pour lesquelles les icônes russes, ou imitant un style russe, sont devenues des objets à la mode, commercialisés en Grèce du milieu du XIXe au début du XXe siècle. Elle met ainsi en lumière un phénomène social : la diffusion et la popularité des icônes russes dans ce pays, mais aussi au Mont Athos – une région considérée comme étant le ‘gardien’ de la tradition orthodoxe et de l’authenticité qui faisait encore partie de l’Empire O1oman pendant l’époque en question. Les conséquences de ce1e circulation sont également analysées. Ce phénomène culturel a mené à une banalisation du commerce des icônes et à une confusion croissante entre le domaine de la spiritualité et celui des transactions économiques. La production d’icônes émerge donc comme une arène d’intérêts concurrents; ce qui révèle l’asymétrie de l’influence que la Grèce (un état récemment fondé et économiquement instable) et l’Empire russe exerçaient dans le monde orthodoxe.

Песните на село Чавдар – част от живото културно наследство на България

Author(s): Radka Bratanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2020

Intensified cultural exchange in the twenty-first century lead to a specific process of globalization of musical folklore. That is why the preservation of valuable archaic traditions demands active endeavours.In 2018, in the Bulgarian village of Chavdar, an interactive Folklore Centre was founded. It offers interesting ways of collecting, archiving, preserving and exhibiting local cultural traditions. In the Centre, old phenomena intertwine with new technologies and museum exhibits “come to life” by means of interactive activities designed mainly for children and young people. In 2019, the team of the Centre continued their work on widening and completing the exhibition and the interactive activities. A central place in the new developments is given to music, dancing and children’s games.

Научна конференция (ВТУ, 25 – 26 септември 2020 г.) и публикуване на том V на „Известия на Центъра за стопанско-исторически изследвания“, посветени на темата „Пазари, общество, власт“

Author(s): Emilia Vacheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2021

Две гледни точки към историята и историците по време на преход

Author(s): Harald Hepner,Roumiana Preshlenova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2021

Był dziedzic, nie ma dziedzica: ziemiaństwo w praktykach zbiorowego pamiętania lokalnych społeczności wiejskich na Kielecczyźnie

Author(s): Anna Wylegała / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2020

This paper focuses on one specific aspect of the Polish collective memory, namely – on the memory of the landed gentry and their expropriation from the Polish countryside conducted by the communist government in 1944. The communists expropriated the gentry, gave most of the land to the peasants and irreversibly changed social and economic structure of the Polish countryside. The paper analyzes how the very fact of the gentry’s historical presence and later expropriation is represented in the collective memory of the local village communities, and how it is used in the creation of the local memory scope and historical identity. The theoretical focus is on the acts of collective remembrance as understood in the work of Jay Winter, and then on the public aspect of the collective memory. Grounded in extensive fieldwork, this paper focuses on the case study of two villages which give examples of particularly active commemorative practices connected with the symbolic legacy of the expropriated landowners.

Туризъм, антропология и местно икономическо развитие

Author(s): Miglena Goranova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2020

The article offers an analysis of the relationship between tourism and local economic development from an anthropological point of view. The development of tourism is a result of local community policies for the purpose of economic development and the deployment of potential on the ground. The article examines a specific case, Sapareva Banya Municipality, and tracks the changes in the choice of natural and cultural resources for the construction of a tourist destination.