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Osnutak, struktura i djelovanje boračke organizacije na lokalnoj razini: Općinski odbor SUBNOR-a Labin

Author(s): Tina Filipović / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1/2021

The Veterans’ Federation (later: Federation of Veterans’ Associations) of the People’s Liberation War of Yugoslavia was founded in 1947 as a socio-political organisation of People’s Liberation War veterans and active participants of the People’s Liberation Movement, with committees formed according to the territorial principle—from the Federal, through republican and provincial, to municipal and local committees. It was characterised by a well-developed system of operation focused on the systematisation of veterans’ care and all forms of material, social, and health care for members as well as preserving and evoking public memory of the war. Combativeness and vigilance became high priorities of its socio-political work, especially from the mid-1960s and early 1970s, when members of the Veterans’ Federation became politicised in the wake of important socio-political changes. Simultaneous reorganisation-related changes and the activation of new municipal committees contributed to the intensification of the work of local veterans’ organisations, which manifested as the establishment of some new commissions and, in the following years, an influx of new members and a closer cooperation with other social and socio-political factors in the municipalities. This paper first describes the founding of the Veterans’ Federation of Yugoslavia, its structure and most important fields of activity, and then the formation, structure, and activities of the Municipal Committee of the Federation of Veterans’ Associations in Labin, which, together with other municipal veterans’ committees in the Socialist Republic of Croatia, represented the focus of veterans’ activities regarding quality of life improvements of its members and preserving the memory of the People’s Liberation War in the local community. This paper examines the most important changes in the Federation of Veterans’ Associations’ mode of operation, describes the local strategies of ideological work and work on creating a culture of memory related to the wartime and revolutionary past, and the ways in which the veterans’ organisation resolved the material and social-health issues of its members, and therefore influenced their quality of life. The research was based on materials of the Republican Committee of the Federation of Veterans’ Associations of the Socialist Republic of Croatia and the documentation of the Municipal Committee of the Federation of Veterans’ Associations in Labin, which has been mostly preserved for the late socialist period.

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Apparatus Sigillorum – nieznane źródło do sfragistyki miejskiej Pomorza Zachodniego. Autorstwo, czas i okoliczności powstania

Author(s): Łukasz Koremba / Language(s): Polish Issue: 01/2020

The purpose of the article is presentation of an unknown collection of copies of the municipal seals Apparatus Sigillorum Pomeraniae et Rugiae Civitatum and an attempt to establish authorship, time, and circumstances of its origin. The work survived among the remnants of the so called Ostens Library, where it came in 1773. Brief notes made on its cover suggest that it originates from the collection of Matthäus Heinrich Liebherr. The analysis of the aesthetic of the executed copies allows a supposition that there were several drawers and the work could be completed by the successive owners. The content of the dorsal notes implies that the author used the seals from the collections of Pomeranian scholars belonging to the society Collectores Historiae et Juris Patrii. It is likely that the activity of this society inspired the compilation of the catalogue of the Pomeranian towns’ seals.

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O POLOŽAJU POLJICA U OSMANSKOJ DRŽAVI

Author(s): Avdo Sućeska / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 16-17/1970

The county of Poljice was included into the Otoman State 1540 and remined under its supreme soveregnity until the treaty of Karlovac in 1699. It had the status of the sultans Has property and during the entire time of the Otoman rule enjoyed internal government. Inhabitants of Poljice belonged to the category of vlahs filurđijas. That is why they were not burdened by any special feudal taxes, but they had only one (filurija), which included all other taxation. A number of the inhabitants of Poljice worked permanently in salt mines and the others only time to time. They burdened the population with different taxes and duties against which the inhabitants of Poljice kept complaining the central and local Turkish government often issued their orders (Ferman, Buyruldu) to stop with misdeeds.

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NATPISI NA SEPULKRALNIM SPOMENICIMA TURBETA

Author(s): Mehmed Mujezinović / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 16-17/1970

Travnik was mentioned for the first time in 1464, and in the year of 1699 Travnik became the seat of the viziers of Bosnia with two shorter interuptions (1827—1828 and 1832—1839) and until 1850 remained the politicagovernmental center of Bosnia. This (1699— 1850) was the tesnpesthous period, in which central Turkish government was getting weaker and unable to suppress the resistance of the feudals in the Turkish Empire, as well as in Bosnia. At that time the jani tzars were abolished demonstrations and rebellions started. That situation is best illustrate by the frequent changes of viziers. Troughout this period of 143 years, as long as Travnik was center of pashaluk 90 changes in the visier were made. All these changes left of course a visable trace on the material culture of Travnik. Hie transfer of viziers seat did have a favorable effect on the development on the small provential town. The town extended trough new qua-ters (mahala), there was increase of population and trade as well as business, boomed. At that time also many public and privat buildings were built. However, during several stormes especially fires; many valuable buildings burned down and were compleately destroyed and along with them archive materials. Archives and libraries were especially destroyed during the great fire in 1903 year.

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BgHSt 20, 22 und die Neubürger-Klausel des deutschen Strafanwendungsrechts – ein deutsch-polnischer Fall schreibt Rechtsgeschichte bis heute

Author(s): Martin Heger / Language(s): German Issue: 2/2020

In its judgment of the 4th September 1964 the German Federal Court of Justice had to deal with a German-Polish case of murder. The accused persons were members of the German minority in Poland and lived in the Western part of Poland, when German troops occupied that territory in the autumn of 1939. Short after the invasion they killed the members of a Jewish family living in the same territory. Both, the perpetrators as well as the victims were Polish nationals, when the crime was committed. The perpetrators have got the German nationality in the following. It is not clear, whether they have been naturalized by German authorities during WW II, but if not, they were seen as German nationals with the Getting-into-Force of the German Basic Law (Constitution), because they were refugees from Poland to Germany. Therefore, Article 116 § 1 Basic Law naturalized them as German nationals. For the criminal case it was crucial whether the later naturalization can give the German Justice system jurisdiction over a case which happened before the perpetrator has reached the German nationality, as it was (and still is) stated in section 4 (resp. today section 7) of the German Criminal Code. The paper should deal with the implications of this so-called "New Citizenship Clause" and with the circumstances of the case and the following cases at Western German Courts against German people for committing murder in the occupied Polish territories during WWII. Shortly after the named case, the Auschwitz trial started in Frankfurt. On that background, the paper reflects on the situation between West and East Germany as well.

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Osnivanje i djelatnost područnice Hrvatskoga kulturnog društva “Napredak” u Gospiću (1926.-1945.)

Author(s): Zdravko Matić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 2/2001

In this work, the author underlines the importance of the Association “Napredak” in the cultural enlightenment and advancement of Croatian national conscience among the population of Gospić. This association enabled the education of youth in Lika, one of the poorest regions of Croatia. The preamble of its charter explains how the association was formed during Austro-Hungarian times. After the introduction of King Alexander Karadjordjević’s dictatorship, the chapter of Napredak in Gospić was dissolved (1932). The chapter was revived in 1935, and successfully continued to reduce illiteracy, increase its own literary publications and organize cultural life. Because of the outbreak of World War II, the work of the association slowed down, and after the war, Napredak was outlawed.

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Multietničke značajke demografskih kretanja Osijeka i okolice na prijelazu iz 19. u 20. stoljeće

Author(s): Zlata Živaković- Kerže / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 2/2001

The felling of forests, the building of railway lines, and the development of transportation as a whole, commerce, trades and industry, and the advancement of agricultural practices and other activities drew laborers into the cities and villages of the Kingdom of Croatia and Slavonia. Settlers came not just from other regions of Croatia, but also Bosnia, southern Hungary (Vojvodina), and a substantial number from other lands of the Austro-Hungarian Empire (Germans, Hungarians, Slovaks, Czechs, Jews and others). These demographic movements are representative of the significant growth of population from diverse ethnic origins or affiliations. Significant changes occurred in the settling of cities, as well as villages. Settled nobility, craftsmen, soldiers, villagers and merchants, who purchased or incorporated new properties into existing ones, mixed with the existing Croat population [the number of nobility is negligible]. With the emergence of a modern capitalist economy, zadruga’s disintegrate, properties were divided, and significant changes in agriculture, trades and commerce occurred. These migrations were influenced by numerous factors, especially political and economic ones, and participated in the alteration of many structures, particularly the ethnic structure of the population of Osijek. The total movement of Osijek’s population, and the alteration of its structure were in times of peace, in direct correlation with its economic and social development. The inter-census time periods with the greatest population growth were also time periods of the greatest economic growth. In the census of 1910, Osijek was multi-ethnic with four dominant ethnicities-Croats, Germans, Hungarians and Serbs. At the same time, there was little economic growth in villages, poor horizontal population growth, and a large share of the population was employed in agriculture.

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Građa i prilozi za povijest za povijest Dalmacije

Author(s): Robert Skenderović / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 2/2001

Review of: Robert Skenderović - Građa i prilozi za povijest za povijest Dalmacije, br. 15 (1999.), Split 1999., 354 str.

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HRVATSKA ZAJEDNICA U POLITIČKOM ŽIVOTU SLAVONIJE, SRIJEMA I BARANJE 1919.-1920. GODINE

Author(s): Dragiša Jović / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 2/2000

This article deals with the role of the Croatian Union {HZ) in the political life of Slavonia and Western Srijem in a relative short, but dynamic period. On the basis of archival sources, party papers, and literature the establishing of party organizations, as well as the growth of its influence in cities and market towns and the penetration into rural centers is being researched. Data about the location and role of the HZ in local elections and the achieved results are presented.

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O ZLOČINIMA CRNE LEGIJE NA PODRUČJU KUPRESA U LJETO 1942. GODINE

Author(s): Davor Marijan / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 2/2000

As an elite unit of the Armed Forces of the NDH, the Black Legion had been treated in the farmer Yugoslav historiography and historical literature as a symbol of the worst evil. To the war crimes it had committed, there had been added those that it had not commit or did not happen at all. We have four examples in summer 1942 from the Kupres valley, of which three enter the domain of "cleansing". The alleged crimes in the villages Vukovska on 27th August and Blagaj on 29th/30th August 1942 are disputed by the reports of the 4th Montenegrin brigade, that had been in those villages. Damages in Donji Malovan on 28th July that are mentioned in several documents are based on hear-say transmission a few days after the event occurred. The Stale Commission for Investigation of the Crimes registered for that day only burning of several persons and arson of farming buildings. There are no documents for the fourth crime in Begovo Selo from the beginning of August; historians do not mention it, while the Stale Commission for Investigation of the Crimes does mention it.

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MLADEN MEDAR, SEDAM STOLJEĆA SAJMOVANJA NA PODRUČJU BJELOVARSKO-BILOGORSKE ŽUPANIJE. PRESJEK KROZ POVIJEST SAJMOVA I IZLOŽBI STOKE

Author(s): Mira Kolar-Dimitrijević / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 2/2000

Review of: Mira Kolar-Dimitrijević - MLADEN MEDAR, SEDAM STOLJEĆA SAJMOVANJA NA PODRUČJU BJELOVARSKO-BILOGORSKE ŽUPANIJE. PRESJEK KROZ POVIJEST SAJMOVA I IZLOŽBI STOKE, Bjelovar 1999., izd. Bjelovarskog sajma d.o.o. i Gradskog muzeja Bjelovar, str. 1.-87

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Historical Weather Data from Chronicon Conventus Franciscani Brodii in Savo (1706–1932): An Attempt to Reconstruct Microregional Weather Patterns and their Influence on Daily Life

Author(s): Katarina Botić / Language(s): English Issue: 16/2020

Historical weather data from Chronicon Conventus Franciscani Brodii in Savo (1706–1932) consists of numerous entries regarding weather patterns, such as storms, hail, extreme pluvial episodes, drought and cold periods, flooding and periods of Sava river freezing, grape harvests etc. Franciscan monastery in question is situated on the left bank of the Sava river, in a region specific for its microclimate conditions while in the wider region, it is situated at a very sensitive spot between hydrologically active regions of northern Balkan Peninsula and the Alps. The data is analysed and compared to reconstructed Old World Drought Atlas (OWDA) and other available climate data such as temperature, precipitation and consequently flooding episodes. Influence on daily life is considered. Regardless of strong bias in quality of entries Chronicon is a highly valuable source of information.

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Natural Disasters on the Island of Vis in the 1930s: Analysis of Natural Hazards in the Context of the Development and Importance of Winemaking and Viticulture

Author(s): Nikola Ostojčić,Vinko Udiljak / Language(s): English Issue: 16/2020

Weather changes and their belonging manifestations in the form of meteorological phenomena have always been largely associated with economic ascents and descents, and have entailed a series of economic, cultural and political changes that have left their mark on the entire history of a particular region. Meteorological changes, but causally also those in the economy, are also visible in the 1930s in the Adriatic region, where in some cases they completely destroyed economic activities and yields. This paper deals with the disasters that plagued the island of Vis in the period from 1935 to 1939 on numerous occasions and in various occurrences. Some contemporary newspaper articles in Split’s Novo doba, Jadranski dnevnik and Jadranska straža remained, as well as detailed writings on the destruction of vineyards and yields in the fund for the Economy of the Banovina of Croatia (HDA, BH-OSG, IV, 39039-44 / 1939). The overall problem has been viewed from multiple perspectives; variability of weather and its impact on the overall situation, natural hazards as a considerable factor in the complete destruction of viticulture and their reciprocal echoes, and people‘s perceptions of these hazards as disasters that present themselves within the confines of oral history.

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Od gradske bolnice do gradskoga ubožišta (Prilog za proučavanje bolničkih i socijalnih ustanova u Osijeku)

Author(s): Zlata Živaković- Kerže,Hrvoje Pavić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 20/2020

The realization that health care is one of the most significant aspects within the concerns of governance was awakened in the mid-18th century. A health and welfare institution, that is to say the Civic Hospital, was established in Osijek in 1741; one of its functions was to provide health care to the poor of the town which implies that it operated as an almshouse right from the start. The work of the Civic Hospital in the New Town stopped in 1874 with the construction of the new hospital building in the Lower Town and the opening of the General and Public Huttler Kohlhoffer Monsperger Foundation Hospital. From then on, the Civic Hospital facility was converted into the City Almshouse where old women and men were accommodated so that they should not perish from becoming homeless. From September 1, 1890 up until 1952 the care for the poor and those in need of care was provided by the Association of Sisters of Mercy of St. Vincent de Paul from Zagreb. Since year after year the numbers of the indigent increased, in 1902, built to the western courtyard side was the building in which was located the Mijo Cseh Institution for the Care of the Mentally Ill located in the Civic Almshouse. The City Almshouse was a ground floor building and in the first decades of the 20th century it did not meet the spatial requirements, hence in 1936 a first floor was built on and a large number of the poor and infirm were cared for. As in 1952 the work and care of the Association of Sisters of Mercy of St. Vincent de Paul in the City Almshouse was prohibited, the Peoples Committee of the town of Osijek registered the pre-war City Almshouse on May 20, 1954 in Martin Divald Street 2 as the Nursing Home for the Elderly and Infirm.

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Personel kancelarii miasta Chełmna w XVI–XVIII wieku

Author(s): Mateusz Superczyński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2020

The research undertaken in the article is put in the context of the social, administrative and economic transformations undergone by Chełmno (Kulm), which had been a bishop’s town since 1505. These changes also had a significant impact on the organisation of the town’s chancery, which carried out tasks and duties entrusted by municipal authorities. This was reflected in an increase in the number of town officials working in the chancery, to which court secretaries belonged. They formed a professional group, which was characterised by their economic, political and cultural activity against the background of Chełmno community in the early modern period. The main research objective of the article is to create a comprehensive picture of the social environment of Chełmno town chancery from the sixteenth century until 1772, the personnel of which constituted the intellectual elite of the town, and to present the characteristic traits of this group. At the same time, the text presents the profiles of town secretaries and clerks previously unknown or rarely mentioned in the scholarly literature. Methods applied in the research involve critical analysis of the preserved town books and individual documents, both manuscript and edited. On the basis of data collected from the primary sources, a prosopographical analysis has also been conducted. The result of the studies is an overview picture of the professional group formed by the secretaries and clerks of early modern Chełmno, which includes their social origins, family ties, non-professional activity and wealth.

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«Местные алтари» — уникальное явление греко-католической Церкви Беларуси (конец XVII – начало XIX в.)

Author(s): Halina Aljaksandrawna Flikop-Svita / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2 (28)/2020

The article discusses the unique cultural and religious phenomenon which was formed and existed for about a century and a half in the Greek Catholic (Uniate) Church of the Rzeczpospolita — altars, included in the iconostasis. To denote these sacred objects in the Uniate records of the 18th century, as it became known from numerous researched historical documents, the Polish-language term «ołtarze namiesne» («local altars») was used. «Local altars» was created with the setting of the throne to the icons of the local (lower) rank of the iconostasis — hence the name. Their occurrence is related to the adoption of Uniate religious practices, which was originally preserved in the Eastern Christian rites, the Western-Christian traditions. «Local altars» is an alternative to the traditional Catholicism of the side wall of the altars. In liturgical practice they were used with the same purpose — they can serve custom-made mass, but in manufacturing it was more simple and budget method: it was necessary only to put the throne to the iconostasis under the local icon. With time, formed a way of creating iconostases originally included in them aedicules — architecturally designed niches for local icons, which visually resembled the traditional architectural retablo altars. With the abolition of the Uniate Church in 1839 temples were converted to Orthodoxy, and all attributes of Catholicism were dismantled. Up to the present time on the territory of Belarus has no surviving full «local altar» with the throne. The study was conducted on the basis of historical documents of the late 17th – early 19th centuries with descriptions of nearly two thousand parish, branch, monastery and Cathedral Greek-Catholic churches in Belarus. It was found that by 1676 the practice of using «local altars» already existed, as evidenced by the revealed date of creation of the only preserved in Belarus, Uniate iconostasis with aedicules from the Church of Assumption monastery in Zhirovichi village, Slonim district of Grodno region. Thus, the «local altars» to the last quarter of the 17th century became the Uniate practice, where it was used until the early 19th century. Due to the complete loss of the artifacts to date, this sacred phenomenon in the Greek-Catholic churches in Belarus was not known.

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Neznámy fragment Graduálu sine sign. z 13. storočia zo Štátneho archívu v Bratislave

Author(s): Eva Veselovská,Rastislav Lutz / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 2/2019

In Slovak archival holdings there are currently a great many medieval liturgical fragments with notation, dating from the late 11th to the early 16th century. The majority of them served as reinforcing material (top cover, alternatively front or back boards) in administrative books, later manuscripts, or prints. These precious medieval musical sources are found in this secondary function to this day, often without their own deposit signatures. Among the old musical sources deposited in Slovak archival, museal and library holdings, there are fragments of codices with Neume notation. These were imported to our territory from German, Austrian and Bohemian-Moravian Benedictine scriptoria. Among the unique examples of these very old musical monuments is the bifolio fragment of the Gradual sine sign. from the State Archives in Bratislava with German adiastematic Neume notation.

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Eduard Lazorík: Stredoveké rukopisné fragmenty na tlačiach 16. storočia z fondu františkánskych knižníc Slovenskej národnej knižnice

Author(s): Eva Veselovská / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 2/2019

Eduard Lazorík: Stredoveké rukopisné fragmenty na tlačiach 16. storočia z fondu františkánskych knižníc Slovenskej národnej knižniceCatalogus fragmentorum. Tomus I. Martin : Slovenská národná knižnica, Odbor správa a spracovania HKD a HKF, 2019, 277 s. ISBN 9-788081-494416

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Učebnica elementárnej náuky o hudbe Melanie Diettmannovej v kontexte dobovej výučby hudby

Author(s): Andrej Čepec / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 1/2017

Elementar Unterricht (Fundamentals of Teaching), a manuscript textbook of music by Melanie Diettmann, is a type of handbook which preserves the method of teaching the elements of music used on the territory of Slovakia during the first half of the 19th century. This textbook is documentary proof of an increased interest in acquiring music education on the part of educated town-dwellers, having regard to the upbringing of girls and young ladies. The paper presents the textbook in the context of music teaching in Slovakia in the 19th century, and also in the context of the creation of didactic works. Reflected in it is the influence of music textbooks by B. Asioli and F. P. Rigler, among others, which could serve as models for the elaboration of the manuscript examined here.

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Mária Potemrová a hudobná regionalistika

Author(s): Jana Lengová / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 1/2017

Mária Potemrová (1922 – 2015) is regarded as the Nestor of musicology in the east Slovakian city of Košice, where she spent her entire life. Originally she completed studies at the University of Commerce; later, as an external student she graduated in musicology from Comenius University in Bratislava (1954 – 1959). At the Conservatory in Košice (1956 – 1986) she taught history of music and musical aesthetics, and she stressed the need for a complex musical education. As a music historian she specialised in musical regionalistics, specifically on the musical culture of eastern Slovakia and most especially of the city of Košice. Apart from her key monograph Hudobný život v Košiciach v rokoch 1848 – 1918 (Musical Life in Košice from 1848 to 1945), published in 1981, she also produced important works on music education in Košice, on the music history of the towns of Prešov, Rožňava and Bardejov, and on several composers (O. Hemerka, K. Hodytz, J. Grešák). She was also active as a publicist and in organisational and editorial activity.

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