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CSD-Report 34 - Monitoring Radicalisation: A Framework for Risk Indicators

Author(s): Rositsa Dzhekova,Mila Mancheva,Nadya Stoynova,Dia Anagnostou / Language(s): English

Radicalisation processes impacting on disaffected and indoctrinated persons and the later involvement of some of them in acts of terrorism are of growing concern for European citizens, their governments and the wider international community. Addressing this threat requires effective prevention policies which some EU member states have been proactive in developing. Effective policies need reliable diagnostic tools designed to identify individuals and groups who might pose a threat. The publication provides a review of existing approaches and tools to identifying, monitoring and assessing radicalisation in Europe and beyond. It further offers a conceptual framework of radicalisation risk and vulnerability indicators and their interpretation as a basis for developing early-warning mechanisms for frontline practitioners in countries which are yet to develop specific prevention and counter-radicalisation policies. The target group of the guide are policymakers at national and EU levels, as well as practitioners directly involved in the prevention of radicalisation in Central and Eastern Europe and beyond.

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CSD-Report 33 - Extortion racketeering in the EU: vulnerability factors

Author(s): Atanas Rusev,Lorella Garofalo,Elena Sciandra,Andrea Gimenez-Salinas,Carmen Jorda,Manuel de Juan Espinosa,Tihomir Bezlov,Margarita Gasparinatou,Irene Stamouli,Sofia Vidali,Marina Marchiaro,Valentina Giampietri,Radu Nicolae / Language(s): English

Extortion racketeering has been long pointed out as the defining activity of organised crime. Although in recent years this crime has not been among the top listed organised crime threats in the strategic EU policy documents, it still remains ever present in European countries. The seriousness of the phenomenon has been recognised at the EU level and the crime has been listed in a number of EU legal acts in the field of police and judicial cooperation in criminal matters. The report Extortion racketeering in the EU: vulnerability factors analyses extortion racketeering forms and practices in six EU member states. The analysis disentangles the risk and the vulnerability factors for enterprises in two business sectors – agriculture and hospitality – as well as in the Chinese communities. Drawing on the results of the analysis, the report suggests new policies for tackling extortion racketeering in the EU. This report has been produced with the joint efforts of the Center for the Study of Democracy, Instituto de Ciencias Forenses y de la Seguridad – Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Transcrime – Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore di Milano and Vitosha Research and with the support of Guardia Civil in Spain.

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CSD-Report 23 - Penitentiary Policy аnd System in the Republic оf Bulgaria

Author(s): Maria Yordanova,Dimitar Markov / Language(s): English

The report explores to what extent Bulgaria has introduced the European standards in the legal regulation of the prison system and the execution of the penal sanction of imprisonment, how are they implemented in practice, what is the State’s penal policy and strategy in this area in general and in respect to drug-addicted prisoners in particular, and what is the opinion of the people working in the penitentiary system and the non-governmental organizations monitoring the activities of penitentiary facilities.

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CSD-Report 17 - Police Stops and Ethnic Profiling in Bulgaria

Author(s): Tihomir Bezlov,Martin Dimov,Philip Gounev,Nikoleta Yordanova / Language(s): English

Between June and December 2005 the Center for the Study of Democracy and Vitosha Research, supported by the Open Society Justice Initiative carried out a study of police stops. The resulting report Police Stops and Ethnic Profiling in Bulgaria examines the use of stops by the Bulgarian police, focusing on the practices of disproportionate stops of members of the Roma ethnic minority. The report also highlights issues related to police abuse during stops as well as crime among in Roma communities. // The study is part of a Europe-wide initiative aimed to map discriminatory police practices across Europe. In addition to Bulgaria, research was carried out in Spain, Hungary and Russia indicating that there is disproportionate treatment of minorities by the police in all these countries. // Police stops are the main point of contact between officers and citizens. Police officers view stops as essential for detecting and preventing crime. Therefore, the appropriate use of this tool is crucial to police efficiency, whereas when used in the wrong way, it could seriously deteriorate the relations between citizens and the police. The findings and the report were launched at a public meeting of the National Crime Prevention Commission on September 19, 2006.

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CSD-Report 15 - Transportation, Smuggling and Organized Crime

Author(s): Tihomir Bezlov,Philip Gounev,Emil Tzenkov,Petkan Iliev / Language(s): English

The report analyses the participation of transportation companies in smuggling practices, more specifically: // • it examines and describes a range of companies and individuals involved in organized crime groups whose main business is the trafficking of consumer goods. // • it also gives and overview of the criminal and semi-legal networks involved in smuggling Chinese and Turkish goods. // • it presents new data on oil and oil products smuggling. // • it examines the role of duty-free shops and their involvement in illicit cigarettes imports.

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Lucrările conferinţei de cercetare în construcţii, economia construcţiilor, urbanism şi amenajarea teritoriului

Author(s): / Language(s): English,Romanian,French

Includes full papers presented in the esearch conference on constructions, economy of constructions, architecture, urbanism and territorial development, editions 1-8. Individual abstracts available for each article.

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Lucrările conferinţei de cercetare în construcţii, economia construcţiilor, urbanism şi amenajarea teritoriului

Author(s): / Language(s): English,Romanian,French

Includes full papers presented in the esearch conference on constructions, economy of constructions, architecture, urbanism and territorial development, 10th edition. Individual abstracts available for each article.

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Lucrările conferinţei de cercetare în construcţii, economia construcţiilor, urbanism şi amenajarea teritoriului

Author(s): / Language(s): English,Romanian,French

Includes full papers presented in the esearch conference on constructions, economy of constructions, architecture, urbanism and territorial development, 11th edition. Individual abstracts available for each article.

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Lucrările conferinţei de cercetare în construcţii, economia construcţiilor, urbanism şi amenajarea teritoriului

Author(s): / Language(s): English,Romanian,French

Includes full papers presented in the esearch conference on constructions, economy of constructions, architecture, urbanism and territorial development, 12th edition. Individual abstracts available for each article.

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Lucrările conferinţei de cercetare în construcţii, economia construcţiilor, urbanism şi amenajarea teritoriului

Author(s): / Language(s): English,Romanian,French

Includes full papers presented in the esearch conference on constructions, economy of constructions, architecture, urbanism and territorial development, 13th edition. Individual abstracts available for each article.

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Cartea Albă a INCD URBAN-INCERC 2010-2015

Author(s): / Language(s): Romanian

White Charter of NIRD URBAN-INCERC in 2010-2015: research in civil engineering, architecture and spatial planning.

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Cesty božstev: Otázky interpretace náboženství a nacionalismu v moderním Japonsku

Author(s): Jakub Havlíček / Language(s): Czech

The monograph “Gods’ Ways. Interpreting Religions and Nationalism in Modern Japan” deals with the role of religious phenomena in the process of forming the national identity in modern Japan, with the problem to identify and interpret these phenomena. The introductory chapter is concerned with the issue of defining the theoretical and methodological frame of the thesis. It characterizes the study of religions as a critical social science. Referring to Jonathan Z. Smith, the author deals with the concept of religion as with an analytical category and treats this concept as a social construction originating in the context of Western, Euro-American culture. The thesis is also occupied with the questionof identifying religious phenomena in the context of Japan. It deals with the theories of secularization, with the process of defining religious and secular domains, as well as with the concepts of nation in social sciences. It concerns the subject of implicit religions, finding the theories of implicit religions to be rather vague and inadequate for analyzing religious phenomena in modern Japan. In the conclusion to the chapter, the author proposes the definition of “religion” based on Benson Saler’s concept of tracing “family resemblances” of the phenomena classified as religious. Second chapter deals with the topic of interpreting and systematizing religious phenomena in Japan. It concentrates on the concepts of Shinto and Japanese religion in the works of H. Byron Earhart, Karel Werner, Thomas P. Kasulis, Joseph M. Kitagawa, and Isaiah Ben-Dasan.

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Populist Political Parties in East-Central Europe

Author(s): Aneta Pinková,Vlastimil Havlík,Ilze Balcere,Blagovesta Cholova,Vratislav Havlík,Alenka Krašovec,Markéta Smrčková,Peter Spáč,Kinga Wojtas / Language(s): English

Populism is a term which has become established in the public consciousness. It has become a part of the rhetoric (as a form of attack) of political players and has also found a firm place in academic debates. This is despite the fact, or perhaps because, that a generally accepted and heuristically seamless concept of populism does not exist. The term populism somehow carries an automatic negative connotation. Party leaders are accused of populism, proposed solutions to political problems are attacked by their opponents as populist and, as such, summarily rejected. Populism in the public as well as journalistic discourse has in many cases become synonymous – as we describe in the theoretical chapter of this book – with demagoguery or rhetorical statements full of empty promises.

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Polska–Chiny. Ocena współpracy gospodarczej polskich przedsiębiorstw z Chinami

Author(s): Romuald Członkowski,Jarosław Ćwiek-Karpowicz,Marek Gajdziński,Artur Gradziuk,Andrzej Kaczmarek,Patrycja Operacz,Mariusz Strojny,Patryk Toporowski,Joanna Trawka,Beata Wojna / Language(s): English,Polish

Poland is increasingly developing economic cooperation with non-European countries. The development of such cooperation is much more difficult than in the case of European countries, mainly because of the geographical distance, the different business environment and high competition with foreign companies. However, due to the EU’s protracted economic problems, one solution for Polish companies has been to search for new business partners outside Europe and expand trade and investment on new markets where the Polish presence is relatively weak. One of the most important directions of this expansion is the East, with China being among the largest centres of the global economy and a country with the highest rate of economic growth. Not only China’s economic success but also its size and the growth potential of its internal market offer great opportunities for foreign companies and their business interests. China is one of the most important directions for expansion in the business strategy of many companies in the next few years.

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France and the Future of the European Union

Author(s): / Language(s): English

At the EU level, President Hollande is attempting to distance himself from his predecessor by putting emphasis on growth measures, as a supplement to the austerity policies opposed by some southern European states, and by opening up the Franco-German tandem to new players, notably the southern members but also those to the east. Franco-German disagreements concerning current EU issues, notably the scope of the banking union and the solidarity agenda towards the south, are negotiable. In relation to the future of the European project, however, besides a shared reluctance to deepen EU integration and an acceptance for strengthening eurozone governance in a multispeed format, the two countries barely share a common vision. This lack of a shared vision is, however, partly the result of a difficult domestic situation that plays a vital role in Hollande’s EU policy. The president has to face the challenge of restoring growth to the French economy and addressing deep French euroscepticism as well as arriving at consensus on EU policy within his own Socialist Party (PS), riven by splits since the debate on the Constitutional Treaty. Common Security and Defence Policy is, by contrast, an area of continuity, and no major change is expected in France’s involvement in developing the policy. Indeed, due to defence budget constraints, the focus will be a pragmatic one on developing concrete cooperation in the industrial field in a bilateral or trilateral format. Partnership with Poland would be fruitful.

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Rachunkowość zrównoważona w ujęciu kognitywno-teoretycznym

Author(s): Beata Zyznarska-Dworczak / Language(s): Polish

Rachunkowość podlega nieustannym procesom ewolucyjnym. Od lat jej rozwój jest stymulowany przez rozwój gospodarczy, a także rozwój społeczny i środowiskowy. W ostatnich dekadach proces ewolucji rachunkowości nabrał większego tempa, na co wpłynęła w szczególności koncepcja rozwoju zrównoważonego. Szybkość zmian działań praktycznych i badań naukowych w zakresie rozwoju zrównoważonego nie pozwoliła dotychczas na jednoznaczne wskazanie roli rachunkowości w tym obszarze. Przeprowadzone w niniejszej rozprawie rozważania wypełniają lukę badawczą dotyczącą wykorzystania rachunkowości przedsiębiorstwa na potrzeby rozrachunku przedsiębiorstwa z tytułu jego ekonomicznej, społecznej i środowiskowej odpowiedzialności. Autorka analizuje przesłanki rozwoju rachunkowości na potrzeby sprawozdawczości z dokonań przedsiębiorstwa zrównoważonego oraz zarządzania nim w świetle teorii pozytywnych i normatywnych, a następnie podejmuje próbę konceptualizacji rachunkowości zrównoważonej. W konstruowaniu ram koncepcyjnych autorka przyjmuje założenie, iż rachunkowość zrównoważona może niezmiennie stanowić bazę normatywną, odwzorowującą społeczno-ekonomiczne zjawiska gospodarcze z uwzględnieniem ochrony środowiska, oddziaływania społecznego i etycznych zasad komunikowania informacji. Ramy koncepcyjne ukazują sposób integrowania rachunkowości zrównoważonej ze stosowanym przez przedsiębiorstwo systemem rachunkowości finansowej i zarządczej organizacji w celu generowania informacji finansowych i niefinansowych o stopniu realizacji zasad rozwoju zrównoważonego. Ramy koncepcyjne kreują także rolę rachunkowości zrównoważonej w kształtowaniu społecznych relacji z interesariuszami przedsiębiorstwa. Poprzez właściwe ukierunkowywanie instytucjonalizacji praw i obowiązków kluczowych interesariuszy organizacji, a także sankcjonowanie norm i wartości moralnych w komunikowaniu dokonań, wspierają faktyczną legitymizację działalności związanej z realizacją zasad rozwoju zrównoważonego.

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PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE STRATEGIES XXI. THE COMPLEX AND DYNAMIC NATURE OF THE SECURITY ENVIRONMENT

Author(s): / Language(s): English

INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE STRATEGIES XXI THE COMPLEX AND DYNAMIC NATURE OF THE SECURITY ENVIRONMENT

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МЕЖДУНАРОДНА НАУЧНА КОНФЕРЕНЦИЯ "ДИГИТАЛНИ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИИ, МЕДИИ И ОБЩЕСТВЕНО ВКЛЮЧВАНЕ"

Author(s): / Language(s): English,Bulgarian,Russian

The focus of International Scientific Conference “Digital Transformation, Media and Inclusion”, organized by Burgas Free University, is the economic, regulatory, technological and societal aspects of the arising innovations resulting from the digital transformation.

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Poufność a użyteczność informacji statystycznych. Dylematy ochrony udostępnianych danych

Author(s): Andrzej Młodak,Michał Pietrzak,Tomasz Klimanek,Tomasz Józefowski,Paweł Lańduch / Language(s): Polish

Monografię otwiera omówienie ogólnych koncepcji kontroli ujawniania danych (ang. Statistical Disclosure Control, SDC) oraz definicji z tym związanych, a także regulacji prawnych dotyczących ochrony danych wrażliwych stosowanych w różnych krajach, również w Polsce. Zaprezentowano tutaj także najważniejsze typy udostępnianych danych wynikowych oraz rolę metadanych, paradanych, a także danych dodatkowych w SDC. Drugim ważnym poruszanym tematem jest istota i ważność ryzyka ujawnienia informacji wrażliwych oraz ocena jego poziomu. Ukazano tutaj także odmienności występujące w tym zakresie między mikrodanymi a danymi zagregowanymi w postaci tablic częstości i wielkości czy wyników analiz. Szczególną uwagę poświęcono z kolei szczegółowej charakterystyce metod i technik kontroli ujawniania danych wynikowych w przedstawionych powyżej trzech typach. Wskazano ponadto na zagrożenia dla poufności danych, mogące wystąpić w publikowaniu statystyk opisowych, ilustracji i wyników analiz w opracowaniach statystycznych oraz sposoby przeciwdziałania możliwościom odtworzenia danych wrażliwych. W toku dalszych rozważań autorzy scharakteryzowali istotę problemu straty informacji oraz najistotniejsze rodzaje miar oceny owej straty, z pewnymi oryginalnymi propozycjami, a także wpływ straty informacji na jakość estymacji dokonywanej w oparciu o dane poddane SDC. Czytelnik znajdzie w monografii szczegółowe omówienie – wraz ze stosowną egzemplifikacją – narzędzi informatycznych stosowanych w SDC, przede wszystkim programów T–Argus i µ–Argus oraz pakietów środowiska R: sdcTable i sdcMicro. Następnie uwaga została skoncentrowana na organizacji kontroli dostępu do danych i zasadach jej realizacji. W szczególności scharakteryzowano typy udostępnianych mikrodanych, sposobu organizacji funkcjonowania punktów dostępu oraz stosownych zabezpieczeń, przebieg efektywnej kontroli dostępu i zakres odpowiednich uprawnień. Całość wieńczy podsumowanie, w którym wskazano najistotniejsze konkluzje oraz postulaty dotyczące stosowania SDC. Dla wygody czytelnika na końcu opracowania zamieszczono słownik występujących w nim pojęć. Z uwagi na uniwersalność zagadnienia publikacja została opracowana tak, aby mogła służyć metodologom projektującym badania statystyczne oraz odpowiedzialnym za ich jakość i bezpieczeństwo zgromadzonych w ich wyniku informacji. Stąd duży wybór przykładów i praktycznych omówień przedstawianych zagadnień, które pozwalają lepiej zrozumieć przekazywane treści. Monografia ma obszerne angielskie streszczenie.

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Polityka państwa na rynku pracy w warunkach transformacji i integracji gospodarczej

Author(s): Wacław Jarmołowicz,Magdalena Knapińska / Language(s): Polish

Książka w nowatorski sposób opisuje zagadnienia dotyczące polityki przeciwdziałania bezrobociu w Polsce, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem aspektów związanych z integracją z Unią Europejską. Autorzy, odwołując się do dorobku i ustaleń teoretycznych oraz wykorzystując wyniki własnych badań terenowych, dokonali analizy i oceny roli państwa w zwalczaniu zjawiska bezrobocia zarówno w obszarze ogólnokrajowym, jak i regionalnym.

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