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Пошто смо образовањем народне државе доживели испуњење двају највиших народних идеала, т. ј. ослобођења и уједињења народа, сад треба да овој нашој држави ударимо чврсте основе, како ће она одолети бурама времена и донети будућим нараштајима све оно добро и сву ону срећу, за коју су живућа и прошла поколења пролила реке крви и потоке суза. Учвршћење темеља државе, то је проблем који још има да реши ово измучено наше поколење.
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Godine 1927 objavio je berlinski časopis ≫Nord tind Sud≪, u svojoj majskoj svesci, odlomak iz jednog neobjavljena rukopisa T. G. M as ari k a, predsednika Češkoslovačke Republike, koji u izvodu — prema ≫Die Auslese≪ za juni 1927 — glasi ovako.
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This study proposes an approach to analyse the consumption of goods provided within the socio-cultural process (social sphere). Based on the study of individual social and economic characteristics of goods, the traditional approach is not sufficient for the management of production and consumption processes. An alternative model is argued, in which the process of consumer decision-making takes center stage. When consumption is recognised as a problem-solving process, the underlying structural-functional relationships of consumption can be modelled and analysed in their entirety. The theoretical verification of the model is based on a compatibility study with rational motivations in behavior, and uncertainty and risk in consumption.
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The current papre is dedicated to social work with people with blindness in the social service Center for Social Rehabilitation and Integration for Blind People. There was made a theoretical and normative analysis of the prerequisites for social work with the target group. It is also presented empirically study to the mastered useful skills of clients using the social service.
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Explored is the problem of cognition in the context of the world and the connection with the activity, with which systems (states and societies within them) develop in the context of security. Outlined is the mechanism of communication within the system and between the systems, while as governing tools are defined: censorship, propaganda, and informational warfare. Introduced is the construct of the supra-state subject of governance and an emphasis is placed on the problems associated with its manifestations in the 21st century.
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The article is devoted to the evolution of European Union strategic documents, considered in the light of the development of the Common Foreign and Security Policy and the European Security and Defense Policy/Common Security and Defense Policy integrated in it. Through comparative analysis, conclusions are drawn that contribute to the understanding of the dynamics shaping strategic thinking and culture in the European Union in the field of Common Foreign and Security Policy/Common Security and Defense Policy.
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In the article, through a scientific analysis of the complex of risks and threats to humanity, identified in the documents of the United Nations Conferences on the Human Environment and the Earth (1972-2022), their transformation into goals and tasks for sustainable development during these 50 years is traced. With the force of an imperative, the research has brought out the need to form a modern culture in the aspects of sustainable development, which will serve to transform people's worldview as a necessary prerequisite for achieving a sustainable existence.
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The change in security protection systems is imminent, but collective defense is a necessity, as Eurobarometer surveys show. What is the way forward to achieve European defense ambitions - probably not starting from a "white sheet" to build an entirely new system, but increasing efforts towards greater capabilities, i.e., focusing them rather than displacing them. It is not justified, in a war on the continent, to create an additional risk of duplication and competition of collective defense systems, i.e., to distort the sought synergy effect and instead of strengthening the security architecture in Europe to achieve a weakening of defense. Europe's security should not be built on duplication of capabilities, but on growth of capabilities.
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The article reviews the most important factors identified by cognitive psychology, such as the limitations of the mind, on how people, even experts in intelligence analysis, process incomplete and ambiguous information about military-political issues, processes, and phenomena to make judgments and conclusions in their reports to the state and military leadership, partner services and headquarters of NATO and the EU. The specific features distorting the perception and interpretation of information are examined, and practical examples and evidence are given for some of the factors.
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Research background: The Russian-Ukrainian war has become a significant factor that has prompted millions of Ukrainian citizens to migrate in search of safety. The demographic situation in Ukraine is deteriorating in both quantitative and qualitative dimensions. The mentioned changes are impacting the domestic and European labour markets. Purpose: The article examines the consequences of war migration of the population for domestic and European labour markets. Research methodology: The study covers the period between 2013 and 2023. Empirical research methods were use in the article: observation, comparison, generalization, forecasting. Results: Ukrainian migrants presently comprise approximately 1% of the population in European Union countries and represent 15% of Ukraine’s overall demographic composition. The prevailing inclination among the majority of these migrants is not to return to Ukraine in the immediate future, with the principal determinant being identified as the prevailing sense of peril. Notably, within the age structure of Ukrainian migrants, a significant 81.2% fall within the economically productive age bracket of 18-49 years. This demographic composition sets the stage for a positive economic effect within the European Union, while concurrently engendering adverse repercussions for the domestic labour market in Ukraine. Novelty: A three-year projection regarding the migration volumes of Ukrainians to the European Union has been delineated. Drawing upon post-war reconstruction experiences worldwide and taking into account the critical demographic landscape in Ukraine, a proposition has been put forth to synergize efforts among the government, international organizations, and donors. This collaborative endeavour seeks to establish a financial fund, wherein resources will be allocated towards the formulation of recommendations and the subsequent design and implementation of programs aimed at the restoration of the domestic labour market.
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Research background: Understanding the rationale for macroeconomic policy coordination with the aim of achieving greater policy credibility and effectiveness in West Africa still remains the subject of debate. Purpose: This study evaluates the effect of macroeconomic policy coordination on economic growth uncertainty in West Africa, utilizing a panel data set of the 15 member states from 1980 to 2020. Research methodology: The study employed Pedroni’s cointegration test procedure and the Generalized Linear Model, fixed effect procedure for evaluation. Results: The stationarity test results show that the variables are stationary at first difference at the 5% significant level, for the common and individual effect tests respectively. The cross section dependence test result indicates that there exists a cross-sectional independence for the variables under consideration. Pedroni’s cointegration test results indicate that there exists a long run relationship between economic growth uncertainty and macroeconomic policy variables. The fixed effect model result shows that monetary policy variable, inflation (INF) affect growth uncertainty negatively. The fiscal policy variable, government debts (DEBTS) indicates a positive sign to growth uncertainty and is significant statistically. The coefficient of the regional trade variable, (TRADE) and exchange rate indicate positive signs and are insignificant statistically. Novelty: It is important to ascertain how uncertainty affect policy coordination gains. Thus this study has utilized the econometric models approach to evaluate the effect of policy decisions as economies encounter exogenous policy shocks in the face of uncertainty, in order to ascertain if coordination is preferred to individual policy decisions.
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In May 2020, the Recovery and Resilience Facility (RRF) was presented as a unique instrument, due to its ambition, form, and the mechanisms with which it is equipped. Both the EU institutions and the epistemic and administrative communities in the field of European affairs saw it as a path-breaking instrument in the implementation of EU policies. This article analyses this hypothesis, and whether the RRF has the potential to generate a new path dependency in the EU’s distributional policy mode. It looks at the elements of the EU’s coordination mechanism through the RRF, as well as the aspects that set it apart from other EU policies, especially the EU Cohesion Policy. Also, primary evidence relating to Romania’s experience in drafting the National Recovery and Resilience Plan, and in implementing it, is presented and discussed from the perspective of the adjustments required by the specific approach of the RRF.
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The COVID-19 pandemic has rapidly led to a severe deterioration of the global economic environment and a sharp worsening in the international financial market sentiment. Hence, the European governments adopted extraordinary monetary and state aid policies to mitigate the economic collapse and stabilise the financial markets. Romania was no exception, being significantly affected by the pandemic. Against this background, the paper aims to analyse the peculiarities of the monetary support and state aid adopted by Romania and by other EU Member States in the context of the pandemic crisis to increase the resilience of their national economies. Our main findings reveal that the monetary support provided in Romania consisted in significant liquidity injections into the financial system, and in the purchase of state securities from the secondary market. In Romania, the largest part of the total state aid was directed to SMEs from the processing industry, constructions, wholesale and retail trade, transport, and the storage sector, especially through guarantees and direct grants.
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The article discusses various modern innovations aimed at improving the efficiency, accessibility, and quality of public services in the context of their application in Bulgaria. It explores the integration of digital technologies, the engagement of citizens in the democratic process, and the adoption of sustainable and environmentally friendly practices. Key trends include increased digitization, the use of smart urban systems, blockchain technology, and sustainable urban mobility solutions. These innovations not only enhance service delivery but also increase public trust and meet the evolving needs of society.
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The paper attempts to answer the questions of what learning from negativity of experience perspective is and if it could become the right way of teaching and learning morality at school. It consists of three sections. The first one explains the fundamental distinction between negative moral experiences and negativity of moral experience. In the second section, the author’s attention focuses on the possibility of didactic application of teaching and learning from negativity of experience. The last section contains J. F. Herbart’s concept of educative guidance as a permanently valid theoretical framework for contemporary moral education at school.
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The image of the intense armed activity of the Holy Cross Mountains Brigade (Brygada Świętokrzyska) of the National Armed Forces (Narodowe Siły Zbrojne, NSZ), which has been dominant in the literature of the last three decades and was directed against both the Germans and the communists, was based on Polish accounts. However, surviving Wehrmacht documents fundamentally question the previously held assumptions. This material shows that the anti-German effort of the NSZ unit was downright symbolic. However, the occupation structures appreciated the Brigade’s disproportionate achievements in combating the communist underground.
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The confrontation between Israel and Palestine that has been continuing during many decades is embodied nowadays not only in incessant military activities, but also in the media. Those ones protecting Palestine serve as sources of aggressive propaganda that incite irreconcilable hatred toward opponents. Correspondingly, with permanent attacks against Israel the above media insistently use a specifically colored lexis that escalates the tense situation in this region. This article purposefully envisages the “topic of hatred” promoted by the Palestinian print media as an active actor of modern political transformation in the Middle East. Investigating principles of functioning these media provides with better understanding of contemporary authoritarian society and raises the question of the media dependence on the political guidelines of Palestinian authorities.
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