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This text focuses on a short passage in Finnegans Wake, where Joyce makes a pun over the Homeric parallels in Ulysses. The auto-quotation gives a new light over the protagonist Glug, who reveals simultaneously the presence of Joyce as the author of the Blue book of Eccles within the fictional text and the Romantic artist.
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Postmodernity, as the prevailing tune of minds of today, shapes human understanding about world and about life as a reality of fraud. Actuality appears to have no coordinating center, as it has become a gigantic conflict of equivalent signals that may not be listed in any order of importance. Thus, the understanding about the absence of “marginal meanings” inevitably leads to a further comprehension of the necessary decay of conceptual hierarchies.
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In this text Marc Verboord examines a new system of classification by literary prestige. Evaluation and classification practices were done from the perspective of literary field theory. Value that is attributed to authors by literary institutions and their agents was taken as the main indicator. Value attribution was measured by establishing the attention authors receive from such institutions as literary encyclopedias, literary prizes, academic studies, and publishing houses. Measurements were conducted for 502 authors varying in both critical acclaim and public appeal.
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This text is chapter 2 of the book „The Art of scandal: Modernism, Libel Law, and the Roman À Clef” by Sean Latham. It examines main characteristics and the strange social life of the roman à clef. Lodged at the intersection between history and fiction, the roman à clef opens the otherwise closed circuit of realism, unleashing the “extreme skepticism” the novel had tenuously constrained by the end of the eighteenth century. The full blossoming of celebrity culture - first facilitated by the expansion of print culture in the eighteenth century and later expanded through the multiplying media of the nineteenth century - helps sustain this counter-form to the traditional novel. The Roman à clef’s infectious powers gained new vectors of dissemination in the early decades of the twentieth century.
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Analysis of literary prizes is part of the wider project of book history and publishing studies. The article considers a variety of methodologies for the study of literary prizes, calls for both quantitative and qualitative analysis and pays attention to both the histories and development of individual prizes, and the wider negotiations book prize culture makes with the publishing industry and the culture in general.
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The article reflects on the place of the Slavko Grum Award for the best Slovenian dramatic text among other Slovenian literary awards, it analyses the nomination and selection processes and deals with the importance of the Award for the development of the Slovenian drama and its canon.
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The article problematizes the situation with contemporary literary prizes in Bulgaria. It is aimed at answering the following questions: what kind of legitimacy do literary distinctions bestow, and which factors determine them? it is also looking for the reason behind a wider array of problems, such as in what way does the literary prize reflect the literary publicity, or whether certain aesthetic criteria have been agreed to that predetermine the winner? In a wider aspect the article offers a vision of the present-day cultural situation in Bulgaria.
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The object of this analysis is the interpretation of Kiril Hristov’s novels “Dark dawns”, “Abyss, “White devils”, through the perspective of psychoanalysis, particularly through The Freudian theory of determination of the Human psyche, by the principles of pleasure and reality. Shared scope of interests between Hristov and Freud can be seen even at author theories level. It is to be determined how much do Freuds’ scientific pursuits overlap with Hristov’s imaginative worldview. It is with intent that the début, presence and contribution (either to the codification of solemn psychoanalysis or to a specific separate unit of Bulgarians literature’s history) refer to “manifestness” and “scandalousness”. In this regard the assessment of the “manifestness and scandalousness” represents one of the possible keys for interpreting both Hristov’s role in the cultural and literary processes of the 20th centuries 20’s and the “modern type of decoding” texts, dominated by the erotic onset and sexuality theme.
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Paul Gayer is Deane of the faculty of philosophy at the University of Bonn, he is professor in roman literature and among his interests are the theory of the subject and the Italian Renaissance. In his book Petrarca und die Herausbildung des modernen Subjekts (Petrarch and the constitution of the modern subject) he explores the influence of the Italian poet on the forming of the modern consciousness. In the chapter Petrarcas Canzoniereals Bewusstseins roman (Petrarch’s Canzoniere as a Novel of the Consciousness) Paul Gayer writes about Francesco Petrarca as the first poet of the modern subject, Canzoniere (The song Book) is therefore the first novel of the modern subjective consciousness. To reach the deeper realm of the dialectic of the soul implied in the work (in subchapter 3) he begins with the space-and-time-structure (subchapter 1) and the thematic structure (subchapter 2) of the work, then in subchapters 4-6 he analyses the notions and the thematic fields, connected to love and self, both personal and lyrical. The medieval triple-pole systematic of the soul with the instincts and the rationality as its extremes and the emotions in the middle is implied in Canzoniere, thinks Gayer, but with several important modifications, made by Petrarch: he liberates the human soul from its union with the reason, underlines its irrational nature and leads in the medium instance of “la mente” between soul and reason, which nearly pushes the latter away. What Gayer finds valuable and innovative in Canzoniere is that it explicates the overcome of the traditional soul systematic trough the dialectic of the subject, set into motion by categories traditionally thought as external to the subject (as love and the other), but here taking an external and internal position at the same time. To explicate his affirmation Gayer analyses in detail a number of citations of Canzoniere and concludes at the end in subchapter 7 that with CanzonierePetrarca proposes to the modern subject the psychological selfanalyses as alternative to selfalienation, the loss of pre-determined goals and the collapse of metaphysical substances.
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Literature and Prizes
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Keywords: World cities; Kraków; Kraków Metropolitan Area; migration; gmina revenue
Indicators describing the migration of population and revenues of local administrative units of the Kraków Metropolitan Area are presented and compared in this paper. A review of ideas on how to determine the number of Polish metropolitan statistical areas is also presented. The rank of Polish metropolitan statistical areas in world city rankings made by international publications is examined. Revenues of gminas from their own sources and total revenues of gminas are studied in the paper. Changes in revenue over time and location-dependent differences in revenue are analysed. However, the available data only allow for an examination of gminas without separating urban gminas from rural ones Substantial differences exist in the influx of revenue, both in terms of temporal and spatial changes. In order to summarise and evaluate the relevant social and economic processes, net migration of population and total revenue of gminas in the study area have been analysed. Furthermore, a classification of areas has been developed to describe the relevant areas as being of a certain type
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Keywords: Poland; age structure; regional differences; demography; multivariate approach
One of the characteristic features of the modern world is the dynamics of demographic changes. Depending on their nature and intensity, they can be a driving force behind socio-economic development or doom it to stagnation or regression. There is no doubt, however, that a declining demographic potential, especially unfavourable changes in the age structure of the population (an ageing society), may contribute to economic difficulties in the given area, often leading to social problems. The aim of the research the results of which are presented in this article was to analyse regional differences in the age structure of Poland's population in two time intervals, viz. the years 1999 and 2010, using multivariate techniques, and more specifically, principal components analysis and cluster analysis. They both make it possible to accommodate many features of the population age structure simultaneously, thus better illustrating the two situations (the years 1999 and 2010) and changes that took place in between, than univariate approaches
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Keywords: frontier towns; factors; consumer behaviour
This article focuses on the most important factors shaping the spatial behaviour of transborder consumers in Słubice and Frankfurt on the Oder, towns split by a state border. The factors are highly diversified and differ in the spatial range of influence. They can be divided into seven groups, viz. geographical, political- administrative, legal-normative, economic, demographic, psycho-social and cultural, and the foreign-language information layout of a town. But it is economic factors, like the level of prices in the given country or the currency exchange rate, that have the strongest effect on the movement of inhabitants and the intensity of transborder contacts between the two frontier towns
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Keywords: Hungary; rural development; regional planning; LEADER
The aim of this study is to present the basic methodological elements of the LEADER Community Initiative in rural development established in 1991 and its practical implementation in geography. The most important principle of the LEADER programme is the territorial approach and the appearance of local communities in a relevant subregional and landscape context. The determination and creation of a natural and cultural geographical framework is not at all an easy task, although the LEADER cautiously puts down basic principles and makes clear references to spatial definition of local action groups. The aim of LEADER I is to demonstrate the spatial segregation of these communities and to evolve a particular image and a kind of critical mass (population, resources) to build a relative self-sufficiency.
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Keywords: Serbia; adventure tourism; extreme sports; high mountain areas
Adventure tourism is a specific type of tourism that has been increasingly popular in Serbia in recent years. In this regard, the paper identifies the basic characteristics of adventure tourism, its development in Serbia, with a great emphasis placed on high mountain areas that, owing to their physical and geographic characteristics, possess huge potential. The paper aims, among other things, to identify factors encouraging or limiting development of adventure tourism in Serbia, analysing the practice, defining potential destinations and suggesting appropriate measures in order to promote it
More...Keywords: Tajikistan; Education; Policymaking; Legislation; Educational Policy; Postcommunist Development - Tacikistan; Eğitim; Politika Oluşturma; Yasama; Eğitim Politikaları; Komünizm-Sonrası Kalkınma
ABSTRACT This study is an overview of 21 years of educational policymaking in Tajikistan, an ex-Soviet republic undergoing a transition to democracy and post-civil war rehabilitation processes. The study tries to identify trends, priorities, and prospects in Tajik educational policy. It employs content analysis as its major research tool and examines Tajik legislation on education according to its timing and purpose. The article is intended to determine how vital education is for Tajik policymakers. It reviews and analyses domestic and international legislative acts in the period from Tajikistan’s independence in 1991 to the last act available to study in 2012. The article tries to establish and foresee patterns of education policy development in Tajikistan. ÖZET Çalışma; eski Sovyet cumhuriyetlerinden, demokrasiye geçiş ve iç savaş sonrası rehabilitasyon süreçlerini yaşayan Tacikistan’ın 21 yıllık eğitim politikaları yapım sürecine genel bir bakış sunmaktadır Çalışma, Tacik eğitim politikalarındaki eğilimleri, öncelikleri ve gelecek beklentilerini saptamaya çalışmaktadır. İçerik analizini temel araştırma yöntemi olarak kullanmakta ve eğitim konusunda Tacik yasalarını incelemektedir. Makale, eğitimin Tacik kanun koyucuları için ne derece önemli olduğunu saptamak amacındadır. Bağımsız Tacikistan’ın kurulduğu 1991 ve bu maddeyle alakalı mevcut son kararın bulunduğu 2012 yılları arasında kalan zaman dilimindeki ulusal ve uluslararası yasaları gözden geçirerek analiz etmektedir. Makale, Tacikistan eğitim politikaları gelişim modellerini öngörmeye ve belirlemeye çalışmaktadır.
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