Pristav and Knežak in Court, Juridical and Social Structure of Medieval Bosnia and Herzegovina

Pristav i knežak u sudskoj, pravosudnoj i društvenoj strukturi srednjovjekovne Bosne i Hercegovine

Author(s): Salih Jalimam / Language(s): Bosnian / Issue: 10/2015

Keywords: knežak; pristav; Middle Ages; Bosnia; Dubrovnik; stanik;

The intent of this paper is to present some observations on the form and level of functioning of the judicial authorities in medieval Bosnia and Herzegovina, in the case of pristav and knežak, and to draw attention to their role and place in the feudal society of medieval Bosnia, from which resulted, according to some its lines, special type of feudal state, different from other medieval state, if not in form and in content and that by outward manifestations of its functioning.According to available historical documents, particularly from the Državni arhiv in Dubrovnik, and opinions in the historical literature, emphasis is placed on the two sides of government powers of medieval Bosnia, namely, the question of the relationship of the upper layers of patrician, grandees, the central institutions of government, which means the forensic judicial mechanisms as well as representatives of the whole feudal state and, secondly, the question of the relationship of the upper layers of patrician, that is its main representative of the court and judicial powers, to subordinate themselves the lords. The third question relates to the form and content of the organization of judicial power through the example of a mixed jury as an example of the relationship of the Dubrovnik Republic and the medieval Bosnian state and how it affected the mechanism of its internal and external functioning.

Queen Katarina's Testament – Myth or Reality?

Testament kraljice Katarine, mit ili stvarnost?

Author(s): Adis Zilić / Language(s): Bosnian / Issue: 10/2015

Keywords: Queen Katarina; Bosnia; Roman Curia; Pope; Borgia; Parliament; nobility; herceg; Kujava; Jelena Gruba; Mara;

Inspired by Kajan's novel Katarina – The Bosnian Queen, this paper follows the literary motifs based on historiographic data, and tries to offer a historiographic review. Besides Katarina, there were other members of the ruling Kotromanić dynasty alive; however, no one of them bequeathed to the state. Among them was also the last Bosnian Queen Mara or Jelena. Such practice was unknown to their contemporaries. The Parliament did not meet after 1463, hence there was no authoritative body that could address such important state issues. The year 1463 is a constant reference point – after that year, both Bosnian Queens were widows, hence could only be former queens. A new king could not be elected, which is why there could be no new queen. Medieval Bosnia witnessed a violent shutdown i.e. the state lost its sovereignty. After a decade-long resistance, the state was divided among the regional powers – the Ottoman Empire and Hungary.Women could not legitimately rule as a king could i.e. they had neither the right nor the possibility to bequeath to the state. Jelena Gruba was given as an example from earlier state practice from the end of the 14th century, when her rule – a product of specific circumstances – was treated as interregnum i.e. an extension to her husband’s, King Dabiša’s, rule. All circumstances in the case lead to the conclusion that Katarina’s charter is not authentic. However, there remains the problem that the original document is not preserved, which prevents a more detailed analysis. As a conclusion, a strong suspicion can be entertained about the authenticity of the charter and, in this paper, we withhold from a final verdict on the case. The doubt is further deepened by cardinal Borgia’s involvement in the whole case.

Bosnia and Bosniaks within the Yugoslav Ideas and Yugoslav Question

Bosna i Hercegovina i Bošnjaci prema jugoslavenskim idejama i jugoslavenskom pitanju

Author(s): Adnan Velagić / Language(s): Bosnian / Issue: 10/2015

Keywords: Yugoslav ideas; the Yugoslav question; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Bosniac politicians;

The issue of the positioning of the Yugoslav ideas with in the political projectioning of the Yugoslav questionis a long and complex process, which has in some aspects directly reflect edit self in the attitudes of heterogeneous political parties in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Considering the fact that the term Yugoslavianism can include any idea or ideology that implied the integration of the South Slav peoples, of course, mostly in terms of state-building, in this paper I will set out the different approaches of the Yugoslav reciprocity during the nineteenth century and the positioning of Bosnian and Herzegovinian politicians, especially Bosniacs in that context.

Hannes Grandits, Multiconfessional Herzegovina - Power and Loyalty in Late Ottoman Society

Hannes Grandits, Multikonfesionalna Hercegovina - Vlast i lojalnost u kasnoosmanskom društvu

Author(s): Faruk Taslidža / Language(s): Bosnian / Issue: 10/2015

Hannes Grandits, Multikonfesionalna Hercegovina - Vlast i lojalnost u kasnoosmanskom društvu. Sarajevo: Institut za istoriju, 2014, 547 str

Historiography: An Introduction

Vesna Mušeta-Aščerić, Uvod u historijsku nauku

Author(s): Ajla Burkić / Language(s): Bosnian / Issue: 10/2015

Uvod u historijsku nauku, Vesna Mušeta-Aščerić, Sarajevo: Univerzitet, 2014, 272

Identity on the Internet - the Bosnian Context

Identity on the Internet - the Bosnian Context

Author(s): Edina Špago-Ćumurija / Language(s): English / Issue: 10/2015

Keywords: identity; language; nicknames;

Identity is built on individual and social characteristics of every person, indicating one’s belonging to certain social groups, based on the criteria of race, gender, ethnicity, language etc. In addition to this, identity today is represented in a specific way in the virtual world, which is a new setting for communication. Cyber space erases traditional understanding of space and time, and our identities as well.This paper explores the issue of nicknames which are the very first element of someone’s identity on the internet. This paper analyses a corpus of four hundred nicknames found at bihforum.net website, within twenty-six topics.It is aimed at revealing original, source concepts and conventions the nicknames are based on, providing thus information about beliefs and values Bosnians chose to engage in their communication on the internet, and consequently, come to the elements of identity the Bosnian people use, and therefore see as part of their value systems.

Netspeak: Linguistic Features of Online Communication in Real Time

Netspeak: Linguistic Features of Online Communication in Real Time

Author(s): Sanel Hadžiahmetović Jurida / Language(s): Bosnian / Issue: 10/2015

Keywords: online communication in real time; Internet; linguistic features; synchronicity; distinctive features of Netspeak;

Given that synchronicity is one of the dimensions upon which electronic communication can be categorised, this paper examines the linguistic aspects and distinctive features of online communication in real time, within the context of English as a global language, and Netspeak as a new electronic medium of communication. The paper portrays various ways in which the nature of the electronic medium and the global use of the Internet produce impact on the English language. In this corpus-based study, data were collected from a number of Internet sites, the focus is on the characteristics of English used in synchronous settings such as various discussion forums. The analysis, based on Crystal's model (2001), highlights a number of highly distinctive features of Netspeak, and therefore produces evidence that the language of communication in real time is heavily affected in terms of the lexicon and graphology, with particular areas where it is relatively easy to introduce both innovation (nonce formation and other ludic Netspeak extensions) and deviation (abbreviations, acronyms).

Linguistic Reality through Euphemisms and Taboos

Jezička stvarnost kroz eufemizme i tabue

Author(s): Edina Solak,Alica Arnaut / Language(s): Bosnian / Issue: 10/2015

Keywords: euphemisms; taboos; functional styles; expressive and impressive values;

Euphemisms are forms of the language used in communication in order to replace awkward, inappropriate and undesirable words. On the other hand, the words that are prohibited and undesirable in a society are named the linguistic taboos. Since these two terms have completely opposite meaning, it is particularly interesting to deal with their use at the same time. Their expressive and impressive values in different functional styles are different. This paper deals with the use and linguistic – stylistic values of euphemisms and taboos in different functional styles.

Emotionality - A Component of Expressiveness and Connotation

Emocionalnost - komponenta ekspresivnosti i konotacije

Author(s): Enisa Gološ / Language(s): Bosnian / Issue: 10/2015

Keywords: emotionality; expressiveness; connotation;

This paper focuses on emotionality, a semantic category, a term that is associated with expressiveness and conotation. The main reason for suggesting a connection between the abovementioned terms is the delimitation of terms: emotionality and expressiveness, which found to intersect, follow and condition each other. Particular emphasis is put on emotionality that is self-expressional as one of the forms of emotionality.The second part of this paper points to the clarification of the phenomenon of emotionality as a connotation component. The significance of certain words is taken into consideration that can make synonymic pairs and have the same denotation, but differ in connotative meaning. In this way, with the help of synonymy, words with strong connotations and emotional functions are presented in relation to words that can be said to have a neutral connotation because they are not emotionally coloured. A rating of desirability or undesirability is indicated through the emotional functions.

The Analysis of Difficulties in Communication of Elementary School Students Learning Turkish as a Foreign Language

Yabanci dil olarak Türkҫe öğrenen ortaokul öğrencilerinin iletişim engelleri üzerine bir değerlendirme

Author(s): Deniz Melanlıoğlu / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 10/2015

Keywords: yabancılara Türkçe öğretimi; dinleme; konuşma; iletişim; engel

Svakoga dana sve više raste interes za učenjem turskog jezika na različitim geografskim područjima. Jedno od tih područja je i Balkan. Turski jezik se izučava u većini balkanskih zemalja zahvaljujući odsjecima za turski jezik na univerzitetima. Pored toga, turski jezik se izučava kao izborni predmet u osnovnim i srednjim školama. Postoji veliki broj radova u vezi nastave turskog jezika za strane studente na akademskom nivou. Međutim, ne postoji bilo kakva studija u literaturi o nastavi turskog jezika za učenike osnovnih škola. Cilj ove studije bio je da se predstave komunikacijske poteškoće sa kojima se susreću učenici osnovnih škola u Bosni i Hercegovini, a koji su izabrali turski jezik kao izborni predmet. U prikupljanju podataka, korištene su mogućnosti koje nudi kvalitativno istraživanje. U zaključku studije, utvrđeno je da je glavna prepreka u komunikaciji učenika strah od komunikacije na stranom – turskom jeziku.

Real and Pseudo-Kinegrams in German Language and their Equivalents in Bosnian

Pravi i pseudokinegrami u njemačkom jeziku i njihovi ekvivalenti u bosanskom jeziku

Author(s): Belma Šator,Alma Mehić / Language(s): Bosnian / Issue: 10/2015

Keywords: Phraseologismus; Phraseologie; Kinegramm; Pseudo – Kinegramm; Äquivalenz;

In diesem Artikel werden besondere Strukturtypen der Phraseologismen bearbeitet, die Kinegramme genannt werden. Kinegramme bezeichnen die Verbalisierungen von nonverbalem Verhalten. Sie weisen eine spezifische doppelte Bedeutungsebene auf. Einerseits beschreiben sie auf der kinetischen Ebene den physischen oder außersprachlichen Vorgang und andererseits kodieren sie auf der symbolischen Ebene die Bedeutung des nonverbalen Verhaltens, die nicht aus den Einzelbedeutungen der lexikalischen Einheiten erschlossen werden kann. Es wird zwischen echten und Pseudo-Kinegrammen unterschieden. Pseudo-Kinegramme, im Gegensatz zu den echten Kinegrammen, beziehen sich auf eine nonverbale Handlung, die nicht mehr ausgeübt wird oder nicht ausgeübt werden kann (z.B. ein Auge auf jmdn./etw. werfen – baciti oko na nekoga). Aufgrund des Vergleichs der Kinegramme und der Pseudo-Kinegramme der deutschen und der bosnischen Sprache wurde die Typologie der phraseologischen Äquivalente dieser beiden Sprachen erstellt, wodurch ihre Entsprechungen in der jeweils anderen Sprache gefunden wurden und auf die zwischensprachliche phraseologische Äquivalenz aufmerksam gemacht wurde.

Aspect in German and Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian Language

O aspektu u njemačkom i bosanskom, hrvatskom, srpskom jeziku

Author(s): Anisa Trbonja–Omanić / Language(s): Bosnian / Issue: 10/2015

Keywords: aspekt; aspektualnost; akcionalnost; Aktionsarten;

Mit diesem Beitrag werden wir versuchen, bisherige Erkenntnisse über den Aspekt als linguistische Kategorie kurz darzustellen. Die Fach- und Referenzliteratur konsultierend, werden wir diesen Terminus, wie auch ihm verwandte Fachausdrücke, wie „Aktionsart“, Aktionalität, Aspektualität definieren und auf Ähnlichkeiten, Übereinstimmungen und Unterschiede hinweisen.

Idioms with Onomastic Component in Bosnian Language

Frazemi sa onomastičkom sastavnicom u bosanskome jeziku

Author(s): Indira Šabić / Language(s): Bosnian / Issue: 10/2015

Keywords: idiom; idiomatic constituents; anthroponym; toponym; chrematonyms;

Idioms are occurring in informal communications, and often in the vernacular language. Their components are often typified lexical features of the nation in which they are incurred. Therefore, it is expected that within the idioms often appear as the names of the components, whether it comes anthroponyms, place names or chrematonyms. Therefore, in this paper studied onomastic and phraseology. The paper suggests types of idioms with anthroponyms (idioms of encyclopedic knowledge, general knowledge idioms and wordplay idioms), structure (the idioms with one anthroponyms, with name and surname, with two different anthroponyms or anthroponym with some other onomastical component) and function of idioms with anthroponyms in the Bosnian language.

Selimović in English

Edina Špago-Ćumurija, Selimović u engleskom

Author(s): Safet Sarić / Language(s): Bosnian / Issue: 10/2015

Edina Špago-Ćumurija: Selimović u engleskom, Univerzitet „Džemal Bijedić“ u Mostaru, Fakultet humanističkih nauka, 2015

The Final Word By Zlatko Topčić Authentic Appendage to Romanesque Designing of Outsider Paradigm of Hero in Bosnia-Herzegovinian (Post) War Prose

Završna riječ Zlatka Topčića autentičan prilog romanesknom dizajniranju autsajderske paradigme junaka u bosanskohercegovačkoj (post)ratnoj prozi

Author(s): Vedad Spahić / Language(s): Bosnian / Issue: 10/2015

Keywords: the outsider hero paradigm; (post)war prose; inner – otherness; minority view; requestioning; identity; literary life of Sarajevo; war crimes prosecution; post – genocidal victimology; love; love memo

The novel's main protagonist is an outsider, humanistically self-aware and a universalistically declared figure. He is an «inner-otherness» and the writer wants to design him so that he embodies a kind of moral vitalism to the extent possible in a deadly war. The focus is on a minority view of the so-called meta theme and narrative which, in a mosaic-like consideration of the contemporary literature of Bosnia and Herzegovina, may play a prominent role in the process of a permanent re-shaping, not just mere confirmation and evoking of personal and collective identities as literary and cultural creations. Inspired by the Bosniak post-genocidal victimology, values of the recent identity (re)configurations, seen from the outsider position of the «neutral other» aim for the integral representation of the collective spirit and for the reader willing to vigorously and deeply re-examine their own opinions. Even though the main protgonist is on trial for war crimes, the focal point of re-examination of the so-called logical order is love – the only area in which he does not function as an outsider – for only love contains some of the mystery against which conjunctures of ideologically silenced and philistine-shaped social reality repel, similarly to Laughable Loves by Milan Kundera.

"Mimesis of Process" in the Golden Notebook

"Mimeza procesa" u romanu Zlatna bilježnica

Author(s): Aida Džiho-Šator / Language(s): Bosnian / Issue: 10/2015

Keywords: metafiction; truth; Doris Lessing; The Golden Notebook;

This paper deals with the literary technique of metafiction in Doris Lessing’s novel The Golden Notebook and with some of the ways of its realization. The paper attempts to analyze the problem of presenting the truth in novel writing, or the representation of reality in fiction, which is one of the main preoccupations of the novel’s protagonist, Anna Wulf.

About Texts on Literature and Culture in Proceedings: Slovo o Aleksi Šantiću, Antunu Branku Šimiću i Zulfikaru Zuki Džumhuru

Slovo o tekstovima koji se tiču književnosti i kulture u Zborniku radova: "Slovo o Aleksi Šantiću, Antunu Branku Šimiću i Zulfikaru Zuki Džumhuru"

Author(s): Selma Raljević / Language(s): Bosnian / Issue: 10/2015

Slovo o tekstovima koji se tiču književnosti i kulture u Zborniku radova: Naučni skup „Slovo o Aleksi Šantiću, Antunu Branku Šimiću i Zulfikaru Zuki Džumhuru“, Mostar, 24. i 25. april 2014. godine

Nusret Omerika, Sred Mostara đerđef od Behara

Nusret Omerika, Sred Mostara đerđef od Behara

Author(s): Irma Marić / Language(s): Bosnian / Issue: 10/2015

Nusret Omerika, Sred Mostara đerđef od behara, (Narodna biblioteka Mostar, IC štamparija d.o.o. Mostar, 2015)

The Media as Identification of Society

Mediji kao identifikacija društva

Author(s): Dijana Gupta / Language(s): Bosnian / Issue: 10/2015

Keywords: freedom; media; politics; society; the public interest; journalist; information; reflection; profit; power;

Provided that free media help society to avoid immoral consequences, then the process is doomed in as much as the media have become the weapon of propaganda which should get the trust of the public for each policy that the government decides to follow.Politics certainly know their needs how to promote and manipulate the media and the public, all with the purpose of objective and interests. Being a journalist and telling the truth is a noble ideal.Very often this ideal doesn’t remain the same, because it comes in conflict with the pressures and threats of real life and its interests. Journalists are conscientious researchers who perform a specific mission. We are used to think always about the news as something always available.The right to freedom of public expression includes the right to make a mistake.The justification of a free press as a prerequisite for any fair democratic society is that members of the society depends on the free flow of information as they could manage themselves. The only free nation is informed nation.

Promotion of Natural Resources as a Tourist Potential of Herzegovina

Promocija prirodnih resursa kao turističkog potencijala Hercegovine

Author(s): Sanela Kuko / Language(s): Bosnian / Issue: 10/2015

Keywords: natural resources; promotion; tourist potential; communication; Herzegovina;

World Tourism Organization provides guidelines for the development of tourism and presumes that those countries with highly preserved nature will be of more interest to tourists. Natural attractions include climate, flora, fauna, relief and water bodies. Herzegovina as a tourist destination is characterized by the following specific features: various types of relief, Mediterranean, continental and mountain climate, rich vegetation, abundance of rivers, lakes, springs, waterfalls, underground streams, native crops, and the beauty of the natural landscape. However, the success of promoting tourist attractions depends on the quality of communication, coordination and coherence of promotional activities at the given tourist destination and their focus on the target market, which is a major shortcoming of the tourism sector in Bosnia and Herzegovina.