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About Usefulness of Postcolonial Studies in Research on Silesia

O przydatności studiów postkolonialnych w badaniach Śląska

Author(s): Lech M. Nijakowski / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 05/2014

Keywords: postkolonializm; kolonia wewnętrzna; kapitalistyczna gospodarka-świat; gospodarka Śląska; tożsamość Ślązaków; śląskie dyskursy emancypacyjne

The aim of the article is to present the extent to which postcolonial studies are useful in research on Silesia. The first part analyzes the social and economic dependence. Silesia is presented as an early periphery of the capitalist world economy gaining in importance along with the industrialization process. The author highlights that despite the evident exploitation of the region and its social costs, it is hard to recognize Silesia as an “internal colony” of subsequent state organisms. The second part examines the regional discourses of emancipation, including the nationalist ones contributing to creation of new forms of identity of Silesians. The author emphasizes that the conspicuous feature which distinguishes the Silesian discourses of emancipation from the colonial ones is that Silesians were not denied individualization and empowerment, although in Poland and Germany they were denied being recognized as a separate nation. The conclusion of the article is that postcolonial studies should be only one intellectual source of the researchers of Silesia, not a dominant paradigm.

The Avatars of a Hungarian University in Cluj

AVATARURILE UNEI UNIVERSITĂŢI MAGHIARE LA CLUJ

Author(s): Lucian Năstasă / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 1/2014

Keywords: university; social history; history of education; Babeş-Bolyai University; ethnic relations; Hungarian-Romanian relations.

This paper aims to illustrate how institutionalized education has been a significant identity management strategy for an ethnic group in Romania. After its foundation in 1872, the University of Kolozsvár (Cluj) was regarded as a provincial higher education establishment within the Austro-Hungarian Empire, meant to satisfy merely regional demands. Although legally the two Hungarian universities (in Budapest and Kolozsvar) were considered equal in rank, government and society gave priority to the first one. It is only over time that the University of Kolozsvár proved its utility. This change of image resulted in a leading position, especially at the start of the twentieth century. After the outbreak of the World War I, the activity of the University witnessed disruptions due to the drafting of many professors and students into the Army. The end of the the war not only meant the achievement of ‘national unity’ for Romania, but also generated significant changes for Ferenc József University, beginning with the process of dismissing minorities from the public sector and replacing them with Romanians. After the Second Vienna Award, the University of Cluj became Hungarian once again. The historical lesson of the inter-war period on the treatment of minorities had to be prevented from repeating itself, and within the new geopolitical context the USSR seemed the guarantor for the final resolution of the ethnic rivalries and resentments. In this ideological context, on 29 May 1945 two royal decrees sanctioned the functioning of two distinct universities in Cluj; the Hungarian university János Bolyai officially opened its doors. The preservation of a representative higher education institution for the Hungarian minority in Cluj, adapted to the new political realities, was achieved. But after Stalin’s death in 1953 the feelings of ‘national specificity’ resurged, and national histories were re-individualized and reconstructed. The events in Budapest in the autumn of 1956 offered further reasons for central authorities to rethink the ‘national domain’. In the years to come, propaganda insisted on the futility of institutional separation between the Romanian and Hungarian students in Cluj. Hence, a meeting of the unification commissions, held in 1959 led to the fusion of the two universities. This evolution of the University of Cluj shows the constraints, openings, compromises, and ‘avatars’ of the most important institution of higher education in Transylvania, which continues to function as a source of symbolic prestige and social capital for both Hungarians and Romanians.

From the Life of the Institute of Sociology: Scientific-Research Activity of the Institute of Sociology, University of Silesia in Katowice

Z życia Instytutu Socjologii UŚ: Aktywność naukowo-badawcza Instytutu Socjologii Uniwersytetu Śląskiego w Katowicach

Author(s): Robert Pyka / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 5/2014

The development of town twinning cooperation in Lower Silesia

Rozwój współpracy partnerskiej miast Dolnego Śląska

Author(s): Joanna Kenc / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 227/2011

Keywords: cooperation of partner cities; European territorial cooperation; modern twinning

Officially there is no division into modern and traditional town twinning but after analyzing this sort of contacts existing in Europe, Poland and Lower Silesia voivodeship it is possible to observe such tendencies. Particularly important in the modern dimension of town twinning there is the existence of non-governmental organizations coordinating common activities of towns and undertaking common investments which are treated as the sign of trust towards the twinning partner not only within cultural but also economic area.

The development of education in Silesia and the question of "Silesian identity"

Vývoj školství ve Slezsku a otázka „slezské identity“

Author(s): Karla Vymětalová,Zdeněk Jirásek / Language(s): Czech / Issue: 1/2014

Keywords: The development of education; Silesia; "Silesian identity"

The beginnings of higher education Slezamů can be dated back to the 13th century, when they traveled for education at the Studium Generale in Paris or Italian universities. After the founding of university in Prague in 1348, their interest turned to Bohemia but the large part of them left the capital of Bohemia in the early 15th century after the publication of the Decree of Kuthoná Hora. Efforts on the establishment of a separate university in Si¬lesia bind to the city of Wroclaw with the government of the Czech and Hungarian King Vladislaus II. Jagiello, but have never been implemented. After the wars of the Austrian Succession, the Maria Theresia´s efforts to promote Czech schools in the ethnically mixed area of Silesia ran into resistance from the German population. This resistence also was con¬cerned with the opening of Czech secondary schools – grammar schools, as well as dis¬cussions on the establishment of a second university in Moravia and Silesia. The first high schools in the Silesian region didn´t begun to emerge until after the second World War in Ostrava. "Classical" university here, however, could be built up first after the Velvet Revolution in November 1989.

Development of cluster initiatives in Lower Silesia

Rozwój inicjatyw klastrowych na Dolnym Śląsku

Author(s): Anna Lis / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 221/2011

Keywords: clusters; cluster initiatives; cluster-based policy; regional innovation strategies

The aim of this article is to analyze the determinants of cluster development in Lower Silesia. The author analyzes Lower Silesia region indicating these industry and service sectors which are significant industry concentration with the highest “group creative” potential and identifies cluster initiatives in the region. In addition, the author presents the strategic programs implemented in Lower Silesia, important for cluster development: the Development Strategy for the Lower Silesian Voivodeship, the Lower Silesian Innovation Strategy and the Regional Operational Programme for the Lower Silesian Voivodeship.

Problems of sustainable development of water management in Lower Silesia

Problemy zrównoważonego rozwoju gospodarki wodnej Dolnego Śląska

Author(s): Teresa Szczerba / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 229/2011

Keywords: balanced development of water management; water management of Lower Silesia; development barriers of water management; state of water management; management of waters in Poland

The aim of this article is a general analysis of the state of implementing the principle of balanced development in the water management of Lower Silesia. The specifics and conditioning of the region’s water management were introduced in the first part of this article. On the basis of the analysis of the degree of task execution by the Regional Board of Water Management in Wrocław, an attempt to identify the elementary barriers limiting the development of water management in the region was made. The directions of expected actions necessary to overcome the barriers were pointed out. Furthermore, the assumptions and the aims of the first programme promoting the principal of the balanced development of water management in Poland were presented in the ‘Programme for the Oder River 2006’. In the final evaluation it was claimed that the full execution of the concept of the balanced development of water management met series of limitations. A thesis that the lack of overcoming of shown restrictions can cause that the water management would become the barrier of the economic and social development of the region.

Upper Silesia as a political problem - sociological regard

Górny Śląsk jako problem polityczny - spojrzenie socjologiczne

Author(s): Jacek Wódz / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2010

Keywords: political identity; cultural identity; Upper Silesia

The author describes those aspects of cultural identity which are connected with political identity creation in Upper Silesia. He is interested in regional re-vindications and asks how Silesian cultural and social specificity influences its political identity. He analyses a “special case” of Upper Silesia from an anthropology of politics and sociology of politics perspectives. He indicates those elements of social and cultural life which are the evidence of Silesian uniqueness. Analyzing a special character of Upper Silesia, the author finds its territorial range settlement very difficult. He writes about two important consequences of a strong Silesian cultural identity: first of them is the return to autonomy idea, the second is the acceptance of Silesian nationality as unique. He also mentions “foundation myth” that reinforces Upper Silesian identity. The essence of Silesian exceptionality is considered opposed national and EU politics. The author claims that the consequences of national politics, as well as European Union politics are visible in Silesians’ activity, i.e.: efforts driving to the Silesians association registration, strengthening the sense of Silesians’ cultural separateness (with no political projects), new model of Silesian identity creation, intensive work in identity myth creation. In conclusion, the author puts forward some proposals connected with Silesian Voivodeship status regulations. He writes about Belgian, Spanish and British solutions and postulates the implementation of a new decentralization model: “a variable geometry decentralization”.

Energy management in sports halls in Lower Silesia

Gospodarowanie energią w halach sportowych w województwie dolnośląskim

Author(s): Tomasz Żołyniak / Language(s): / Issue: 317/2013

Keywords: energy efficiency; sport; sports halls

The article presents some results of the research conducted in 2012 among 50 sports halls of Lower Silesia. Studies include the analysis of energy audits and analyzes done to improve energy efficiency, prepared as part of doctoral dissertation. The purpose of this paper is to analyze and evaluate the management of energy in sports halls. The work focused on the possibilities of upgrading the existing facilities, but the proposed solutions and management policies can also be used in new projects in the field of sport and recreation.

From the Life of the Institute of Sociology: The Institute of Sociology at the University of Silesia as an Example of “Learning” Organization

Z życia Instytutu Socjologii UŚ: Instytut Socjologii Uniwersytetu Śląskiego jako przykład organizacji „uczącej się”

Author(s): Robert Pyka / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 6/2015

West Cieszyn Silesia dialectal vocabulary – an attempt to grasp the topic

ZACHODNIOCIESZYŃSKIE SŁOWNICTWO GWAROWE – PRÓBA UJĘCIA TEMATU

Author(s): Irena Bogocz / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 04/2017

Keywords: Cieszyn; Silesia; dialectal vocabulary

This paper discusses specifi cally the language situation in the Czech part of Cieszyn Silesia, where a few language codes are used in communication: the traditional West Cieszyn dialect, Czech – both colloquial and standard, and – among members of the Polish national minority – “scholastic” literary Polish. While describing the situation where such codes can overlap and mix, the author makes an attempt at a presentation of the universal processes shaping trans-dialectal variants which occur also in other multi-ethnic and multi-lingual regions. This concerns speaking “po našymu” (“our own language”), which can be affected by other language codes (a dialect, majority language, minority language) at any level of the linguistic system (phonetics and phonology, morphology, syntax and lexicology/phraseology). The author focuses on the lexical layer and discusses the question of what a dialect vocabulary actually is, which of its parts are usually included in dialect dictionaries (lexicons), how dialect users actually speak when they do not use the “pure” dialect, etc. The author presents her theses on the basis of a language material contained in two – partly similar and partly different – dialect dictionaries.

Modern university: marketing philosophy of activity

Cучасний університет: маркетингова філософія діяльності

Author(s): L. S. Shevchenko / Language(s): Ukrainian / Issue: 20/2015

Keywords: university; educational services; educational products; educational marketing; industrial marketing; procurement marketing; marketing management;

The content of the concept of marketing in system of the higher education is proved. The features of educational, industrial and procurement marketing of universities are revealed. The main types of internal and international educational marketing of institutes of higher education are investigated. The conclusion about the need of creation of special marketing divisions for structure of university management is drawn

The Music Patronage of the House of Habsburg in the Jesuit Silesia

Mecenat muzyczny Habsburgów na jezuickim Śląsku

Author(s): Tomasz Jeż / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 13/2017

Keywords: Jesuits; Habsburgs; Silesia; music culture; Athanasius Kircher; politics

In the process of dissemination in Europe of the new, early-seventeenth-century Italianate style in music, an important role was played by the House of Habsburg. Its historic and cultural significance was increased by close contacts of the members of this family, ruling in many lands on our continent, with the Society of Jesus, one of the most important religious circles in this period. Long-term relationships between the secular authorities and the spiritual elites of the post-Tridentine era created a kind of social symbiosis of the highest importance for a proper understanding of the early modern culture.This phenomenon can easily be observed in areas of confessional and political confrontation, such as Silesia, which was the subject of both secular and religious reconquest. One of the weapons in this cultural war was the music performed by the students of the Jesuit boarding schools in this region and financed by the foundations established by the Habsburgs: by the successive emperors and their children, who played important political functions in the area. Both sides of this relationship regarded music as a language of social representation and a medium for the reconstructed identity of the local communities on various levels: parishes, cities, duchies, countries, the Empire and the university.The repeated efforts at music patronage, stimulated by the House of Habsburg and undertaken in the Jesuit circles, were not limited to their residences and churches. The new soundscape of this culture quickly gained dominance in the city councils, schools, streets and squares. The music performed in this context was to be first of all very pragmatic and answer the current needs, which was not favourable to its later preservation. Aware of the musical taste of Habsburg family members, one should not, however, underestimate its artistic value. The archival records that correspond to the preserved music sources from this environment seem to confirm the above claims.to its later preservation. Aware of the musical taste of Habsburg family members, one should not,

History of One Garden — or about the Library of the Faculty of Law and Administration, University of Silesia

Historia jednego ogrodu — albo o Bibliotece Wydziału Prawa i Administracji Uniwersytetu Śląskiego

Author(s): Dominika Bara,Danuta Gburska / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 11 (1)/2018

Tourist attractiveness of selected small towns in Lower Silesia

Atrakcyjność turystyczna wybranych małych miast województwa dolnośląskiego

Author(s): Alicja Zakrzewska-Półtorak,Dominika Chwastyk,Agata Pluta / Language(s): English / Issue: 18/2018

Keywords: town; city; development of tourist facilities; tourist accommodation; tourist values;

The aim of the article is to present the results of the research involving identifying tourist attractiveness of selected small towns in Lower Silesia as well as comparing its level to the level of tourist function’s development in these towns. The study covered 10 out of 72 small towns in Lower Silesia. The study was based on data from 2014 to 2017. The authors use a two-dimensional indicator of the tourist function, they construct a synthetic indicator of tourist attractiveness, and then they compare obtained results for the analyzed small towns. The study demonstrates that tourist attractiveness of a small town depends on tourist values which were studied, but not just. According to the authors, the level of tourist flows is influenced additionally by: the attractiveness of the environment, tourists’ habits, information and marketing activities of specific towns and enterprises offering tourist-recreation accommodation and other tourist attractions, the state of the transport infrastructure and the quality of public transport links. The research procedure was conducted with use of descriptive methods, quantitative methods and graphics methods.

The Musical Activity of Leon Kubica on Opolian Silesia

Działalność muzyczna Leona Kubicy na Śląsku Opolskim

Author(s): Andrzej Edward Godek / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 12/2019

Keywords: Leon Kubica; Opolian Silesia; church choirs; organists; Polish music in German Reich

The article focuses on the life and musical activity of Leon Kubica, famous church musician of Opolian Silesia. Kubica was a pupil of Tomasz Cieplik, later he continued his musical education at the School Of Church Music at Regensburg. In this very time he became a very recognizable and valued composer. His works were performed by many polish choirs from Opolian Silesia. Kubica himself involved in the works of polish community in German Reich and became a conductor of a few ensembles. Such involvement resulted in imprisonment in death camp in Buchenwald, and later sending him on the eastern front, where he died.Recent studies based on press, composer’s legacy saved in his family’s possession, and in national archives allowed to complement his biography, mentions about musical activity in polish society of Opolian Silesia and list of his works performances up to 1939. In the last part of this article the brief analysis of his Msza polska, his most famous composition.

Did ecocide occur in Silesia?

Czy na Śląsku doszło do ludobójstwa ekologicznego?

Author(s): Lech M. Nijakowski / Language(s): Polish / Issue: special/2021

Keywords: ecocide; climate genocide; Upper Silesia; West Papua;Darfur;

The essay answers the question of whether ecocide occurred in the region of Upper Silesia. The paper includes a brief discussion on the concept of ecocide. The paper presents two cases of ecocide – one in West Papua and the other in Darfur. The prognosis of climate genocide in the future is also presented. The text argues that there was no intentional ecocide of Silesians in Upper Silesia, although ecological discrimination against them was observed.

Crossing the Boundaries of Dialect – the Case of Silesia: A Functional Analysis

Przekraczanie granic dialektu – przypadek śląski. Analiza funkcjonalna

Author(s): Zbigniew Greń / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 21/2021

Keywords: internet language; stylization; Silesian dialects; Silesia; functional analysis in linguistics;

The article presents the results of a functional analysis of Silesian texts used in internet communication. The linguistic corpus consists of texts from portals and websites related to Upper Silesia, Opole Silesia and Cieszyn Silesia (including the Czech part). If the Silesian isolect is used as the main means of communication, all communication functions can be performed. Texts in the Silesian code particularly often fulfill metatextual and representational functions. For some functions, language stylization is used. As stylistic means in Silesian texts, lexical means from other codes are primarily used, i.e. from standard Polish, Czech, English, and German; lexemes with a clear slang character are included in the output codes. The communicative functions of these stylistic means are primarily poetic and expressive.

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Arts, crafts and industrial design in Silesia in the first globalization and their non-obvious genres, media and practices

Author(s): Ksenia Stanicka-Brzezicka / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2022

Keywords: craftsmanship; arts and crafts; industrial design; Silesia; Modernity

This paper aims to outline the processes of formation of industrial design on a concrete example of the art and industrial landscape of Silesia, with particular regard to the role played by non-obvious genres, media and practices. It is about processes of developing of instances of pluralism and areas of “non-obviousness” at the interface of artistic, economic and social aspects, i.e. areas and phenomena that overlapped or were only vaguely defined, in the late 19th and turn of the 20th century. It is reflected as a result of many developments that began during the industrial revolution and are still affecting the world today, politically, economically, socially and culturally.

THE IDEA OF THE UNIVERSITY IN MODERN CHALLENGES

ІДЕЯ УНІВЕРСИТЕТУ В СУЧАСНИХ ВИКЛИКАХ

Author(s): Olga Dolska,Tetiana Mikolaivna Dyshkant / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2023

Keywords: university; university mission; crisis in education; university models; globalization and deglobalization; Modernity crisis;

The article, exploring the genesis of the idea of the university, reveals how its value bases and mission have changed over time. The fate of the University as a social institution is inextricably linked with society and bears the imprint of the transformations taking place in the social environment. In relation to the University in the modern world, the existence of a serious crisis is universally stated and, as shown in the article, it is associated with the processes of globalization, the establishment of market fundamentalism and postmodern culture.