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ABOUT THE ANALYSES OF GOLDEN ARTIFACTS FROM JEWELLERY WORKSHOP AT CHEILE TURZII /PEŞTERA CAPRELOR-PEŞTERA UNGUREASCĂ

DESPRE ANALIZELE PIESELOR DE AUR DIN ATELIERUL DE BIJUTERII DE LA CHEILE TURZII – PEŞTERA CAPRELOR / PEŞTERA UNGUREASCĂ

Author(s): Cornelia-Magda Lazarovici,Bogdan Constantinescu,Gheorghe Lazarovici / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 1/2012

Keywords: aur; Cheile Turzii; atelier; bijuterie; analize; Bodrogkeresztúr; Transilvania

In this study we present new golden pieces discovered in Peştera Caprelor / Peştera Ungurească at Cheile Turzii. The short history of the cave investigation was related with the new excavations, when a workshop for jewellery was discovered: here golden artifacts, as well as other made by different raw material have been found. Most of the golden pieces represent beads, as well as small thin golden foils and plates (table 14). Investigating through microscope the golden artifacts, we can observe some details related with their processing (fig.: hammering, welding, finishing, piercing of the foils or cuttings resulted from processing. Small mammals’ bones were maybe used for intensifying the fire and play a role in the welding of the beads. New analyses made by B. Constantinescu give information concerning the chemical composition of the golden artifacts from Peştera Caprelor / Peştera Ungurească. These date have been introduced in our data base that contains several information related with other prehistoric artifacts and native gold from prehistoric Europe. Due to laboratory equipment for the moment, analyses have revealed only four elements, Au, Ag, Cu, Fe. Through seriation and classifications with other data we have obtained several clusters (tables 15-17), revealing several groups. Our study represents just a first step in the analyzing and interpretation of the golden artifacts discovered in the mentioned workshop at Cheile Turzii that represents the first workshop with such a purpose, gold processing in Europe. This should not surprise us, Transylvania is known as rich in gold, until 20 century is mentioned numerous golden pannings on Hăşdate River that crosses Cheile Turzii gorge. New analysis for gold artifacts, mine gold or nuggets is very important for investigating the gold characteristics and their geological sources.

Success local policies in preventing and reducing the alcohol consumption among youngters

Success local policies in preventing and reducing the alcohol consumption among youngters

Author(s): Maria Constantinescu,Cornel Constantinescu / Language(s): English / Issue: 36/2012

Keywords: health social policy; local policy; alcohol drinking; public support; the availability of alcohol; harm reduction; implementation;

Young people are most vulnerable to the consequences of alcohol consumption. Local autorithies are the main institution in the development of local policies to reduce alcohol related harm and preventive actions to target not only individual consumers, but the environment in which the young grows: parents, teachers and vendors of alcoholic beverages. The main goal of this project is to reduce youth alcohol availability. Cooperation between different organizations is essential because prevention education programs (schools) alone will not be able to change drinking behavior. In preparing its policy on alcohol on the knowledge of reality. Thereby, collecting local data on the level of alcohol consumption among young teens, parent’s attitudes and availability of alcohol was made by several sociological research base don sociological investigation. The population investigated included teenagers, parents and sellers of alcoholic beverages. Implementation of this policy required the formation of alcohol-related working groups according to the three elements of the project: public support (through media coverage and cooperareacu message frequency and parents), legal regulations and how to apply them (identification of the level of application and increased police actions in this direction). Key factors in the success of this project were the good communication and good cooperation of all involved.

The Tragic. Processings after Postmodernism

TRAGICUL. PRELUCRĂRI DUPĂ POSTMODERNISM

Author(s): Raluca Bălan / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 16/2009

Keywords: Tragic; postmodernism; identity; tertius gaudens; new tribes

THE THEATRICALITY OF CINEMA, THE PROS AND THE CONS: VISCONTI / TRUFFAUT

THĖÂTRALITĖ DU CINĖMA, LE POUR ET LE CONTRE: VISCONTI / TRUFFAUT

Author(s): Ioan Pop-Curșeu / Language(s): French / Issue: 1/2011

Keywords: theatricality; cinema; theatre; scene; life; Luchino Visconti; François Truffaut.

The Theatricality of Cinema, the pros and the cons: Visconti / Truffaut. The present article aims at showing two different ways of conceiving the theatricality of cinema. The first, that of Luchino Visconti (pour la théâtralité), is based upon a favourable theoretical environment; the metteur en scène considers – in his studies – that theatre and cinema are very similar in their working techniques. On the contrary, Visconti’s artistic practice – with the most notable exception of Senso – shows a precise delimitation between cinema and theatre: the director prefers to search his inspiration in painting, photography, sculpture and music. The second approach, that of François Truffaut (contre la théâtralité), is based upon an unfavourable attitude derived from the so-called “cinéphilie”. In his studies, Truffaut rejects the theatricality and focuses on specific cinematographic grounds. But, in practice, he offers to the spectator one of the most beautiful meditations on theatre and life, on the profound nature of theatricality in his film, Le Dernier metro (1980).

THE SONIC WEAPONS ‒ CONCEPT, TIPOLOGY, APPLICATIONS

ARMAMENTUL SONIC ‒ CONCEPT, TIPOLOGIE, UTILIZĂRI

Author(s): Lucian Ştefan Cozma / Language(s): / Issue: 03/2015

Keywords: ultrasounds; sonicity; atypical; hybrid

The technological development in recent years has led to the emergence of new types of weapons but also to more and more atypical forms of warfare. Among these new technologies with military applications, also the weapons technology is used based on the mechanical waves, especially the infrasonic and ultrasonic ones. In addition, the science of sonicity allows us to find very convenient technological solutions applied in the field of military technology.

THE MONACHISM IN DOBROGEA, FROM THE 19TH CENTURY TO 1918

Monahismul în Dobrogea din secolul al XIX-lea până în anul 1918

Author(s): Eugen Drăgoi / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 08/2009

Keywords: monachism; Dobrogea; the modern era

In Dobrogea, the development of spiritual life soared at the beginning of the 19th century, after having undergone for centuries the Ottoman oppression.As the Ottoman authorities became more and more tolerant in their relations with the needs of their Christian subjects, as a last attempt at keeping the empire united, several churches were built, which are to become spiritual centers of the utmost importance.After Dobrogea was given back to Romanian in 1878, the monasteries and churches on its territory were annexed to the Romanian Orthodox Church and thus begun to soar.The hereby study with monographic accents aims at presenting the historical context of the Dobrogea monachism’s development from the beginning of the 19th century to 1918, identifying and describing the evolution of religious edifices, among which the most notable are the Cocoş, Saon and Celic Dere monasteries.

“Stand Up for Someone’s Rights!” The Nelson Mandela Rules

“Stand Up for Someone’s Rights!” The Nelson Mandela Rules

Author(s): Claudia Constantinescu / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2017

Keywords: human rights;offenders;social reintegration;Mandela Rules;detention;

In 2016 the theme of the International Human Rights Day was “Stand up for someone’s rights today!”. The students of the Faculty of Sociology and Social Work responded to the United Nations’ campaign and stood up for the human rights of the offenders during their detention time and during their reentry into society following imprisonment. Debates with some of the imprisoned and the staff of the Bucharest‑Jilava Penitentiary, those who made the event happening, brought into light the Nelson Mandela Rules of December 2015. This article is about the amendments of the Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners adopted by the United Nations 60 years ago (the so‑called Nelson Mandela Rules).The document was updated in December 2015 to reflect the new reality of imprisonment. The process of its implementation is ongoing within the Member States and they are technically assisted by the United Nations Office for Drugs and Crime.

Religious architecture and funerary complexes of the Dniester-Prut interfluves: the importance of historiographical essays of the tsarist and the interwar times

Arhitectura ecleziastică şi monumentele funerare din spaţiul pruto-nistrean. Relevanţa istoriografiei din perioada ţaristă şi interbelică

Author(s): Manole Brihunet / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 2/2012

Keywords: Dniester-Prut interfluves; religious architecture; funerary complexes; historiography

In this article the author examines the main stages of development of the historiography of the tsarist and the interwar times concerned the study of religious architecture, necropolises and funerary complexes of the Dniester-Prut interfluves. Research, analysis and review of the main publications on the topic greatly expanded the opportunity for its further study.

Intermedialität and Literature. What is Filmic Rewriting?

Intermedialität and Literature. What is Filmic Rewriting?

Author(s): Cătălin-Nicolae Constantinescu / Language(s): English / Issue: 1 (21)/2015

Keywords: adaptation; literary text; film; “intermedialität”; narrative discourse; reception

My paper investigates and explores the complex relationships between literature and film, focusing on the specific developments on creating a requisite terminology. The filmic rewritings are discussed from the vantage point of view of diachronically and synchronically analysis of the terms involved in researching the specific discourse of film and the creative reception of literature.In defining film rewriting I am indebted to Joachim Paech, Werner Wolf and Sandra Poppe’s researches on adaptation, in adopting their concept of Intermedialität (or intermediality, the term coined by Jay Bolter). The term intermediality should be prefferred over transmediality, intertextuality, bricolage, Verfilmung, adaptation or Ekphrasis, as it covers better and more adequately the complexity of relationships between film and literature. Essentially, the most specific and important relation between literature and film is intermediality, based on the visuality of literary text.

Analysis of the Property Relationships in Romania

Analysis of the Property Relationships in Romania

Author(s): Cristiana Ecaterina Banu,Manuel Cristian Firică / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2016

Keywords: property; economic freedom; social justice; society

Property represents a relationship between people, a social contract concerning material, spiritual or any other type of asset, existing in society or acquired by economic activity. Property expresses relationships governed by social norms, historically determined, specific to different historical periods. Actual social realities, personality’s concrete manifestation into social irrespective of the causes which ensures their existence, traditions, informal reports, coercive mechanisms etc., are all important when property is characterized. The present paper aims to analyze the concept of ownership in its multidimensionality, as, especially in democratic countries, the complex issue of property generated long scientific debate, and as a result, the general theory of property has experienced remarcable growth.

Contributions to the Study of the Adornments from Ferigile Cultural Milieu.

Contribuţii la studiul pieselor de port şi podoabă din mediul cultural Ferigile.

Author(s): Dragoş Măndescu / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 15/2017

Keywords: Hallstatt;Ferigile;grave goods;anthropological analysis;

Recent excavations in the necropolis at Valea Stânii led to the attestation of the kaolin little beads as grave goods (in the tumulus No. 1, 4 and 10), for the first time in the north-Thracian culture at the end of the Early Iron Age (Ferigile group). These adornments are widespread throughout the 7th-6th centuries BC within a large area, from the North of the Caucasus (in the tombs of the early Scythian culture) to the South-East of Poland (in a milieu corresponding to the Tarnobrzeg Lusatian culture), and from the Lower Danube to Northern Ukraine (in the Scythian tombs of the Aksiutincy area). A high density of such kind of adornments was documented in the tombs of the Ciumbrud group, in Transylvania. Their arrangement in the grave goods framework typical for the inhumation tombs and their relation to the preserved skeletons indicate that they were worn in necklaces, on the head or coiled around the neck. According to the characteristics of the grave goods with which these adornments were associated within sealed contexts, but also in agreement with some anthropological determinations, the necklaces of kaolin beads were the attribute of the female attire. The anthropological study of the burnt bones in the No. 4 tumulus tends to confirm this fact. Beyond the archaeological discussion, the paper displays the results of parallel investigations on some samples from the No. 1 grave at Valea Stânii, delivered by RATEN-ICN Pitești and „Horia Hulubei” IFIN Măgurele laboratories. A bead fragment was examined by Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy Dispersion X-Ray Spectrometry. The characterization of the fracture surface of the archaeological artefact showed the presence of small particles with different shapes and morphology. Some of them were crystallites with sharp edges that displayed a pattern with parallel lines, representing the crystalline plans of particle, others were areas containing either small or bigger particles rounded by cracks. The EDS analysis of a large field indicated the presence of Oxygen, Silicon, Aluminium as main chemical elements and also the presence of Iron, Potassium, Titanium, Magnesium and Calcium. EDS mapping of these elements demonstrated the presence of Oxygen and Silicon in isolated areas whereas other elements were absent, while the rest of the surface is composed of all these elements. The EDS multi-point analysis determined the chemical composition that indicated the presence of complex silicates formed with Aluminium, Iron, Potassium, Titanium and Calcium. Vibrational spectroscopy methods give information on the samples’ functional groups/chemical bonds and allow the identification of compounds by comparing them with reference spectra. The following Fourier Transform (FT) techniques were used for investigations: micro DRIFT (Diffuse Reflectance Infrared), KBr pellet transmission FTIR and FT-Raman. The DRIFT spectra showed the very specific OH kaolin strong bands of 3695 and 3620 cm-1. In the FTIR spectra, silicate SiO2 bands of 1088, 796, 779, 694 and 465 cm-1 helped us to conclude that the material used for beads was kaolin paste. In the FT-Raman spectra the SiO2 bands of 466 and 129 cm-1 were identified. The results of the laboratory investigations provide a reference database for future investigations on this specific type of adornment.

The Demon byAnton Rubinstein: Between the Western and Russian Traditions (An Analysis of Selected Issues)

Demon Antona Rubinsteina - między tradycją zachodnią i rosyjską (analiza wybranych zagadnień)

Author(s): Małgorzata Lisecka / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 4-5/2017

Keywords: demon; Anton Rubinstein; muzyka rosyjska; rosyjska szkoła narodowa; opera

Artykuł stanowi analizę jedynej zachowanej opery Antona Rubinsteina Demon (1875) w dwóch kontekstach: po pierwsze, jako uniwersalnej opowieści o baśniowym podłożu, reprezentowanej przez bohatera bajronicznego, odniesionej do romantycznej tradycji Zachodu; oraz, po drugie, jako przejawu wpływów rosyjskiej szkoły narodowej (Moguczaja Kuczka) na twórczość Rubinsteina. W tym celu szczegółowo opracowane zostaną w tekście wątki opery sakralnej (wpływ tradycji francuskiej), funkcji i struktury wybranych motywów przewodnich w kreowaniu postaci (wpływ tradycji niemieckiej) oraz późniejszego oddziaływania opery na Eugeniusza Oniegina (1879) Piotra Czajkowskiego.

SCURTĂ PRIVIRE ASUPRA TRASEULUI PARCURS DE MUZICA ROMÂNEASCĂ DE LA ÎNCEPUTUL SECOLULUI XX - muzica dedicată corului de copii –partea I

SCURTĂ PRIVIRE ASUPRA TRASEULUI PARCURS DE MUZICA ROMÂNEASCĂ DE LA ÎNCEPUTUL SECOLULUI XX - muzica dedicată corului de copii –partea I

Author(s): Nicolaescu Ingrid / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 1/2019

Keywords: Muzica Romaneasca; Muzica Corala; Cor de copii;

Perioada de început a secolului XX este o perioadă agitată, în care apar, la nivel european, noi modalităţi de exprimare muzicală şi procedee, care duc la o altfel de realizare sonoră. Afirmarea tot mai pregnantă a specificului şi expresiei muzicii modale, datorită studiilor întreprinse de muzicologii şi cercetătorii ce au îmbrăţişat ideile promovate de Schola Cantorum precum şi aducerea în atenţia lumii muzicale a cântărilor populare europene, extraeuropene şi gregoriene vechi, influenţează şi muzica românească.

Mircea Martin-80

Mircea Martin-80

Author(s): Senida Poenariu,Mircea Martin,Virgil Podoabă,Cornel Ungureanu,Rodica Ilie,Romulus Bucur,Al. Cistelecan,Iulian Boldea,Dorin Ștefănescu,Dan George Botezatu,Alex Goldiş,Senida Poenariu,Vasile Gribincea,Mircea Muthu,Constantina Raveca Buleu,Ştefan Borbély,Nicoleta Cliveţ,Călin Crăciun,Mihai Ene,Şerban Axinte,Luciana Sima / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 3-4/2020

Keywords: Literary Criticism;Mircea Martin;

A collection of essays about the remarkable personality of Romanian literary criticism, Mircea Martin.

EPISTEMIC ENCOUNTERS: SOCIAL SCIENCES AND THE RETHINKING OF URBAN PLANNING POLICIES IN THE EARLY 1970s ROMANIA

EPISTEMIC ENCOUNTERS: SOCIAL SCIENCES AND THE RETHINKING OF URBAN PLANNING POLICIES IN THE EARLY 1970s ROMANIA

Author(s): Mara Mărginean / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2020

Keywords: social sciences; urban planning; transnational; knowledge production; the 1970s Romania;

This article aims to conduct a case study on urban planning models drawn by social scientists in 1970s Romania. It looks at the trans-national channels of knowledge circulation and reconstructs specialists’ role in creating new bridges of cooperation between the first and second world. It also analyzes the gradual re-signification of these ideas locally as part of the socialist state development project. More precisely, it wants to answer three intertwined questions: To what extent did the trans-nationalization of knowledge in the late 1960s determine a particular approach to urban planning in Romania? What does this tell us about local professional practices’ autonomy? Which was the international relevance of Romanian social sciences’ practice? The article contributes to an emerging scholarship on the genealogy of these ideas by placing the transnational debates of the late 1960s and early 1970s consumed under the umbrella of various inter-national organizations, such as the ISA and the UN, in conversation with an intel-lectual tradition dating back to the interwar period.

The Social Transformations of the Romanian Village in Communist and Post-Communist

Transformările sociale ale satului românesc în perioada comunistă şi postcomunistă

Author(s): Ovidiu Soare / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 1/2020

Keywords: Romanian village; communism; socialism; industrialization; rural development;

During the interwar and communist periods, the Romanian society was subjected to transformations, both at the level of social actions and the level of the collective mentality. The Romanian village was in the foreground of these transformations. Neither interwar society nor communist society reached the boundaries of the ideal society, as the social reformers of the time intended. In the interwar period, the social elites hoped to build a better society, looking at their aims and ways of achieving it through social studies and research. In the communist period, things were simpler. This time it was no longer considered necessary to find out the direction in which the country would go. Based on the Marxist-Leninist ideology, they wanted the socialist development of the country, implicitly of agriculture, and the transformation of the villages, through a forced process of urbanization. This process stopped in the 1990s, which would have led to the disappearance of the specificity of the Romanian village through demolition.The present study wishes to present some aspects of the transformation process, through which the Romanian village has been passing, from the communist and post-communist period.

Ionescu sans frontières! Le jour de gloire est arrivé!

Ionescu sans frontières! Le jour de gloire est arrivé!

Author(s): Inocentiu Duşa / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 11/2012

Keywords: Libraria; Biblioteca Județeană Mureș; biblioteconomie; bibliologie; carte veche; carte bibliofilă; istorie locală; servicii de bibliotecă; Biblioteca Teleki; carte veche românească;

L'objectif de cette étude est d'observer comment la création du dramaturge Eugen Ionescu a progressivement conquis l'Europe et puis le monde entier. Depuis la mise en scène de sa première pièce, La Cantatrice chauve au Théâtre des Noctambules à Paris, en 1950, jusqu´à la consacration du dramaturge roumain, dont les pièces sont aujourd´hui jouées sur les grands scènes du monde, était un chemin difficile et il a aussi eu de la chance.Car c'était une chance que le Théâtre de la Huchette à Paris a joué à partir de 1952 jusqu'à aujourd'hui, sans interruption, La Cantatrice chauve et puis Les Chaises ou La Leçon. Raymond Queneau chez Gallimard a annoncé dans son cercle d`amis La Cantatrice chauve et Jean Anouilh a considéré Les Chaises comme un chef-d`oeuvre. C`était aussi une chance que la même première pièce a ouvert la possibilité d'être consacré en Amérique, à partir de 1958, quand on a été jouée à New York.

Prestigious gifts, merchandise and objects at the court of Moldavia in the 16th century

Daruri, mărfuri şi obiecte de prestigiu la curtea Moldovei în secolul al XVI-lea

Author(s): Maria Magdalena Székely / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 67/2021

Keywords: Moldavie; XVIe siècle; drap; brocart panni d’oro; çatma; velours benek; gants; carrosses; montres

Les relations commerciales de la Moldavie forment un des sujets qui ont constamment retenu l’intérêt des médiévistes roumains. Des documents publiés depuis la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle ont permis d’éclaircir un certain nombre d’aspects: les réseaux de transport, la naissance et le développement des foires commerciales, le type de marchandises importées et exportées, le volume des transactions, les monnaies en circulation, les institutions, ethnies, familles et individus impliqués dans le commerce, etc. Les études pionnières de N. Iorga, I. Nistor, G. Zane, Radu Manolescu ou Alexandru I. Gonţa trouvent leur continuation aujourd’hui, avec de beaux résultats, dans des monographies, des études ou des volumes collectifs. Malheureusement, trop peu des produits coûteux qui sont arrivés en Moldavie sous forme de marchandises ou de présents ont résisté à l’épreuve du temps. Combiner des informations écrites avec des sources archéologiques et trouver des analogies avec des pièces similaires conservées dans des collections et des musées d’autres pays peut être une méthode pour reconstituer l’apparence, la qualité et la destination des objets qui, au-delà de leur utilisation pratique, avaient également le rôle de marques d’identité: ils signalaient la supériorité sociale de leur propriétaire. La présente étude essaie de les identifier et de saisir leur signification, en recherchant quelques étoffes (drap et brocart panni d’oro), certains vêtements et tissus (çatma et velours benek) reçus en cadeau de la Porte Ottomane, des gants, des carrosses et des montres. Les présents reçus par les princes et les boyards moldaves du XVIe siècle, ainsi que les biens achetés au profit de la Cour, ne permettent pas de parler d’une vie aristocratique comme celle de l’Europe occidentale. Cependant, les étoffes précieuses, les vêtements moins communs, les moyens de transport décorés, les instruments techniques extravagants, la nourriture et les boissons d’un certain raffinement, tout dessine l’image d’une Cour de l’Est, où princes et boyards, prenant des modèles à la fois occidentaux et orientaux, s’efforçaient, avec leurs propres ressources et moyens, d’être contemporains du monde dans lequel ils vivaient.

THE THEATER IN URBAN SPACE. THE TENDENCIES OF THE DRAMATIC SHOW AT THE BEGINNING OF THE NEW CENTURY

TEATRUL ÎN SPAŢIUL URBAN. TENDINŢELE SPECTACOLULUI DRAMATIC LA ÎNCEPUTUL UNUI NOU SECOL

Author(s): Magdalena Stănculescu / Language(s): English,Romanian / Issue: 5/2013

Keywords: theatre representation; urban space; architecture;

The main idea pursued and demonstrated by this survey is the perpetual necessity to redefine the theater performances and theater spaces, as to achieve the proliferation of this kind of art in the future. Current tendency of permanent modeling theatrical shows for maintaining and increasing public interest, require thorough study of the past, the factors which have caused dramatic changes in both the interpretation and the configuration of the acting scenes, for outlining potential evolution options of theatrical buildings architecture. As a consequence of the general evolution we are assisting today in shifting philosophical attitudes, as well as accepting the idea of continuous change, the study of border areas, relative truths of a new attitude in terms of values (acceptance of values coming from different cultures, re-discussion of human needs) and re-turning attention to the people, by the beneficiary or user of theater designing. Architecture tends toward solving communities’ and collectivities’ issues, accepting cultural differences and tastes, emphasizing the importance of human emotions and perceptions. There is already a large number of outstanding achievements in the spectacle field that amaze by boldness, performance and the way they responded to functional requirements as well as aesthetic; I selected a part from an extensive bibliography, in which the theatre representation conquer the urban space and some examples are presented and analyzed in the work at hand.

THE CLOWN – A METAPHOR FOR THE ARTIST IDENTITY IN THE CIRCUS OF HISTORY AND EXISTENCE AT MATEI VIȘNIEC AND NORMAN MANEA

IL CLOWN – UNA METAFORA PER L’IDENTITÀ DELL’ARTISTA NEL CIRCO DELLA STORIA E DELL’ESISTENZA IN MATEI VIȘNIEC E NORMAN MANEA

Author(s): Emilia David / Language(s): Italian / Issue: 1/2023

Keywords: clown; circle; artist; dictator; history; theater within theater; poeticity;

The Clown – a Metaphor for the Artist Identity in the Circus of History and Existence at Matei Vișniec and Norman Manea. The paper will highlight affinities and differences in the way Norman Manea and Matei Vișniec, two prominent writers of the Romanian exile from the 80s, narrate the existential failure in the novel The Black Envelope and respectively in the play Old clown wanted, making extensive use of the modalities provided by an intensely poetic imaginary. The dreamlike representations, which acquire opposite connotations in the plots of the two authors, as well as certain image-metaphors, elaborated according to the models inspired by Federico Fellini, highlight some aspects that distinguish the perspective expressed by each writer regarding the dense and broad semantics of the circus. In Matei Vișniec’s play, the circus topos declines in the forms of precariousness, which defines the artist’s condition as well as the general human condition - perpetually threatened by the inexorable passage of Time. As for Norman Manea’s novel, the writer concentrates in this plot the perception of History as a buffoonish and vulgar manifestation, which condemns the individual, the artist in the first instance, to the status of victim. In this way Manea and Vișniec actually explore the forms of manifestation peculiar to a cultural and linguistic imaginary related to the representation of individual and collective identity.