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A New Vision for Least Developed Countries

A New Vision for Least Developed Countries

Author(s): Ahmet Davutoğlu / Language(s): English

Keywords: Somalia

While pursuing its own development with confidence and success, Turkey has become deeply concerned with all forms of human inequality that exist in the world, especially those forms that impact upon the dignity of the individual and the community. This concern has led Turkey in recent years to turn increasing attention to the plight of countries experiencing acute economic and ecological challenges. In this spirit it has sought to provide assistance and moral support to the people of Somalia who have remained affected by a lethal famine as well as the absence of human security as a result of sustained civil strife and uncontrolled crime. In 2011 the leaders of the Turkish government, along with their families, made a visit to Somalia as a demonstration of solidarity and engagement. It was a dramatic event in part because Somalia had been treated as off limits for world leaders due to the perception of dangerous levels of chaos and the pervasiveness of violence on the ground. This initiative was welcomed with great appreciation by the people of Somalia. Besides showing solidarity and immediate help for famine, Turkey wanted to raise consciousness in the global setting about the tragedy of Somalia so other countries would join in the emergency relief effort. While tragedy of Somalia persists, greater international attention s being given as evidenced by the February 2012 international conference held in London and May 2012 Istanbul conference. Problems of this magnitude, we believe, require not just national or regional responses, but depend on generating a global response

Face and ethics in professional interpreting

Face and ethics in professional interpreting

Author(s): Ewa Bogdanowska-Jakubowska / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: face; ethics

Interpreting can be considered a form of intercultural communication in which at least three participants take part – primary participants (the speaker and the hearer(s)) and the interpreter. This is interpreter-mediated communication in social interaction (Jacobsen, 2009). Thus the interpreter, like any other interaction participant, has face – “an image of self delineated in terms of approved social attributes” (Goffman, 1967, p. 5). Face, which is created during social interaction, is both a property of relationships and a property of the individual, and is shaped by culture and the role he/she performs. Among the socially relevant qualities of the individual’s self-image, we can distinguish three groups of attributes: • attributes tied to moral conduct (e.g., adherence to the code of professional ethics), • attributes tied to a position in a social setting (e.g., professional competence of the interpreter), • attributes tied to interpersonal skills and facework competence (e.g., coordinating/mediating skills).To maintain face participants engage in facework (Goffman, 1967), actions which address face, involving threat and support as well as actions aimed at maintaining face.The aim of the study is to analyse the interpreter’s professional face, its ethical aspect in particular, and facework strategies employed during interpreting. The study has been carried out within the framework of the Cultural Face Model (Bogdanowska-Jakubowska, 2010).

Classical yoga and postural yoga – are they linked in any way?

Joga klasyczna a joga posturalna – czy coś je łączy?

Author(s): Natalia Stala / Language(s): Polish / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: classical yoga; hathayoga; postural yoga; asana; samadhi; liberation

The famous commentator of the Yogasutras, Vyasa, compared this treatise to a medical manual which describes a disease (involvement in the wheel of birth and death i.e. the samsara), the cause of this disease (a cognitive error consisting in the failure to perceivethe actual self, the purusha), the state of one’s health (absolute freedom, kaivalya), which may be attained already during a yogin’s lifetime, and the remedy against this disease (yoganga). Therefore at the heart of yoga there lies the assumption that it is a practice which is a remedy, it has its therapeutical application. However, when we discuss yoga, we must take into consideration the notion that it is a radical therapy which causes a complete disappearance of suffering, which is equivalent to liberation from the bounds of the wheel of birth and death. The article discusses the problems associated with the reception of yoga in the West, with its deformation and departure from a radical therapy toward a therapy of the body and the mind. The author makes reference to a researcher of this problem, Mark Singleton, who performs an in-depth analysis of the process of the development of new trends in yoga. He claims that the only common element which links classical yoga with modern varieties of yoga (he refers to them as instances of “postural yoga”) is the use of the term “yoga”.The great tree of yoga consists of many branches. One of such branches is hathayoga, which developed by assuming the form of modern postural yoga. It refers to Patanjali’s teachings, but if we examine it closer, it turns out that it constitutes a system which departed considerably from the teachings of its supposed originator. Patanjali emphasized primarily meditation; the most important practice was constituted by sanyama i.e. the three last parts of yoga: dharana, dhyana and samadhi. The modern trends in postural yoga emphasise above all asana, thus making yoga a particular form of gymnastics. The emergence of postural yoga is associated with the influence of tantric hathayoga which revived in the 19th century, and with the gymnastics and body building practices which were fashionable in the West and in India at that time. However, postural yoga is not an esoteric practice which requires initiation. Moreover, the relation with the teacher is irrelevant.

Advertising and Promotion in Rural Tourism in Romania. A Content Analysis of Social Media Advertisement. Case Study

Advertising and Promotion in Rural Tourism in Romania. A Content Analysis of Social Media Advertisement. Case Study

Author(s): Răzvan Onu / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: Advertising; promotion; social media; innovative rural tourism;

This paper describes a social media campaign, as a pre-launch stage, for an innovative tourism project, located in Romanian rural area. The process was started by creating social media profiles for the channels relevant to our target audience that we and our team are comfortable with (Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, LinkedIn, etc.). Depending on the type of campaign we’re running, some of these channels will be more relevant than others. Thinking about which networks our target audience is most likely to be active on and start building an online presence in the appropriate spaces.Social media is one of the best ways to spread the word about campaign in advertising and promotion. Once we’ve created the accounts we want to use, we were regularly rotating content, such as news, blog posts, images, videos or quotes. Consistently posting interesting, relevant content helped engaging with our followers and starting to build an online community. The content analysis can also identify and reach out to influencers in our space to help build awareness about teaser campaign and the innovative tourism product

Utilizing Artistic Reactions in Research: Elevating Affective Data

Utilizing Artistic Reactions in Research: Elevating Affective Data

Author(s): Joanna Klingenstein / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: affect theory; affect; expressive therapies continuum; research method; art; creativity; evangelical; women;

Rarely does research design rely on the use of artistic processes to gather affective data. Scholars often rely on verbal communication to measure affective response rather than extracting data through creative mediums. Art therapists have long been writing about the power of creativity to uniquely surface emotion. Do artistic processes tap into affective data otherwise ignored? Can affective response further academic knowledge of power and influence? As noted by scholar and theorist Donovan Schaefer, affect theory highlights associations between semiotic forces and power. It offers a framework for understanding how emotional responses are shaped and experienced. Similarly, the Expressive Therapies Continuum (ETC), developed by art therapy pioneers Sandra Kagan and Vija Lusebrink, suggests a way to visualize expression according to the placement of affect in the body. The ETC therefore allows art therapists to guide and interpret creative processes. In a study titled, “Female Evangelical Multimedia Personalities: How Does Their Content Affect Female Viewers?” these theoretical frameworks are combined in a way that, to this author’s knowledge, has not been done before. As part of the study design, participants will be asked to react artistically and verbally to written and visual evangelical content. This study seeks to illuminate how artistic processes expose the affective influence and power of rhetorical content. The proposed presentation will provide a brief overview of these two theoretical frameworks, affirm the value of studying affect, and explore how researchers can utilize creativity to measure affective response.

Literature

Literatura

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Czech / Publication Year: 0

The Relation Between a Human and an Animal in the Biocentric Paradigm

Relacja człowiek – zwierzę w paradygmacie biocentrycznym

Author(s): Mirosław Twardowski / Language(s): Polish / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: biocentrism; paradigm; anti‑anthropocentrism; internal value;environmental ethics;

There are numerous, often mutually exclusive, stands in biocentrism. One of breakdown criteria is the scope of classes of natural objects, which has to be assigned an autonomic (internal) value extending beyond instrumental values which they have for others. In accordance with the traditional anthropocentric paradigm, only human beings have autonomic value so only they are entitled to moral status since only they have characteristics which condition it, such as freedom, responsibility, mindfulness. Biocentric stands, on the other hand, assign responsibility to everything which is alive. Therefore, the supporters of biocentrism believe that all living being deserve a social status. The majority of them is differentiated by their moral value, which degrades them, depending on the organizational level.

“Unspoken”: A social experiment in changing theatre audiences’ attitudes to stammering

Eksperyment społeczny „Unspoken” – wykorzystanie sztuki teatralnej w celu zmiany postaw wobec jąkania

Author(s): Trudy Stewart / Language(s): Polish / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: stammering/stuttering; theatre; play; attitudes; change;society;

This article is a report on the writing and staging of a play about an ordinary man who stammers. Its importance is in the context of educating and changing public attitudes to stammering using the medium of theatre. The play was written in collaboration with an experienced speech and language therapist and with input from the stammering community in the UK. It was first performed in 2017 in Leeds, England and data on a number of parameters were collected from a small random sample of those who attended. Details of the post show discussion and written responses from the audience are reported. The findings shed light on a possible role theatre can play in changing understanding and attitudes towards stammering in particular and disabilities more generally.

Self-efficacy and acceptance in modification therapy for confirmed stutterers

Wzmacnianie poczucia sprawstwa i samoakceptacji w terapii modyfikacji utrwalonego jąkania

Author(s): Lucyna Jankowska-Szafarska / Language(s): Polish / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: Stuttering; stuttering modification approach; self-efficacy; acceptance; therapeutic communication; The Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)

This paper is an attempt to take in insight into the issues of the sense of agency and working on self-acceptance with relation to stuttering modification therapy. These two processes are presented as mutually strengthening each other. The sense of agency is understood here as building the sense of influence on the way of stuttering and on the way of thinking and feeling about this problem. It is essential that the sense of influence on the way of stuttering concerns changes that are attainable, that is reducing excessive tension, additional movements or avoiding difficult words. It occurs in opposition to attempts of achieving completely fluent speech. In turn, the processes of self-acceptance are understood as tolerance for imperfection, appreciation of the value of effort and willingness of continuing to make effort even if it is not completely efficient. This way of thinking matches for instance the Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). In the last part, we raise the issue of therapeutic relation, where emphasis is put on recognition of the client’s autonomous activity and on openness to his or her own individual way of coping with stuttering. Some references to the process of psychotherapy are present as well.

Philosophical aspects of therapeutic fables of Maria Molicka

Filozoficzne aspekty bajek terapeutycznych Marii Molickiej

Author(s): Sabina Kowalczyk / Language(s): Polish / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: therapeuthic tale; Maria Molicka; Bruno Bettelheim; meaning of life; philosophy; psychology

The autism researcher Bruno Bettelheim claimed that all children’s psychic traumas and fears derive from feeling senselessness in their life. His thesis inspired the author of this article to study therapeutic tales of Maria Molicka (who pioneered this literary genre in Poland). This kind of tales names emotions, illustrates problems but also explains rules of the world, shows the meaning of life, death and suffer. Molicka’s texts might be considered in psychological as well as philosophic context. The following article concentrates on finding answers to important questions concerning human’s existence, philosophic inspirations in Molicka’s writing and importance of philosophy in child’s life and using it in the modern reality.

Innovation – a Major Requirement for the Sustainable Development of Organizations

Innovation – a Major Requirement for the Sustainable Development of Organizations

Author(s): Iuliana Scărlătescu (Talmaciu) / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: organization;innovation:sustainable development;

The current economy is characterized by the acceleration of change and the orientation of people towards everything that is new. Innovation is considered a key element of the competitiveness of organizations in the contemporary economy and it has therefore been given increasing attention by both researchers and practitioners. Within an organization, innovation can be expressed by renewing products, technologies and processes, but also by changing business ideas and models.One of the purposes of this article is to provide a state-of-the-art overview about the existing literature on organizational innovation. The second aim of the research is to shed light upon the role of innovation in economic affairs in our days, in order to ensure the sustainable development of organizations.The research was done by consulting major research databases (Elsevier, ResearchGate, Science Direct, ProQuest) and analyzing key journal articles bibliographically and thematically.Results show that it is widely recognized that technological change and innovation are major drivers of economic growth and they are regarded as a survival factor but there are also some indications that in some areas it becomes more difficult to innovate for some organizations. The studies highlight that in some markets there is a concern on the part of customers about the possible harmful effects on the environment if innovation is too aggressive.

THE ENTHUSIAST AS LEARNER: A CASE STUDY

THE ENTHUSIAST AS LEARNER: A CASE STUDY

Author(s): Aleksandra Litawa / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: passion; enthusiast; passion-inspired learning; enthusiast as learner

The easiest way to recognise an enthusiast is that they talk about their object of interest with a twinkle in their eye. The space occupied by this passion is their own individual world of values where, free from the outside world’s pressures, they have the opportunity not only to focus attention on issues that are important to them, but above all to think and act in a way that is optimal. The aim of the present research was to recognise the attributes of the enthusiast as learner. A qualitative strategy was adopted in the research and a single case study was used. Data was collected using an in-depth, semi-structured interview technique with a self-taught artist who loved painting on tree bark. The analysis of the interview provided insight into features characterising the enthusiast as learner. Attributes distinguished, i.e. curiosity, deep engagement and high motivation, determined each other. Importantly, they initiated the emergence of other, positive and desirable features from the perspective of learning, such as readiness to apply effort, perseverance and determination to achieve goals, courage and creativity in solving problems, belief in the rightness of actions undertaken, self-confidence, effectiveness and the pursuit of mastery.

PSYCHOEDUCATION FOR CAREGIVERS WITH CHRONICALLY ILL SPOUSES

PSYCHOEDUCATION FOR CAREGIVERS WITH CHRONICALLY ILL SPOUSES

Author(s): Emilia Mazurek / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: psychoeducation; illness; caregiving; informal caregiver; spouses

Spouses of the chronically ill take on the role of informal caregivers. However, as they are seldom prepared to fulfil these new duties, they experience them as a burden, and often develop emotional and psychosomatic problems. Caregivers are “second-order patients” (Lederberg, 1998, p. 981), rarely receiving professional support. One form of effective support is psychoeducation, which integrates psychotherapeutic and educational interventions (Lukens & McFarlane, 2004). The present author’s aim is to review selected theories and empirical research on the psychoeducation of informal caregivers. Key goals of psychoeducation include expanding knowledge and skills in the fields of an illness and its treatment, emotional discharge, communication with medical staff, and self-help in crisis. There is increasing evidence that psychoeducation has a positive impact for caregivers in the following areas: decreased burden, diminished psychological stress, increased capacity to cope, and enhanced social connection (Lukens & McFarlane, 2004; Pharoah et al., 2010). Research results and good practices may form the basis for implementing new solutions in the psychoeducation of informal carers in Poland.

Blessings of Mahāguru Prayer – Understanding of the True Nature of Mind

Blessings of Mahāguru Prayer – Understanding of the True Nature of Mind

Author(s): Tashi Gelek / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: Pema Lingpa; Terma; Tertön; Guru Padmasambhava

The Mahāguru Prayer was a prayer by Yeshe Tsogyal to Guru Padmasambhava when he was about to leave Tibet. Later she concealed it as a treasure teaching which Saint Pema Lingpa from Bhutan revealed for the benefit of sentient beings. It explains the suffering of samsara, blessings of prayers, the practice of offerings, Buddhist view, meditation, virtuous activities, Bodhicitta, reincarnation, the three kayas of Dzogchen, and dedication. Although this is a prayer liturgy, it lucidly expounds the essence of Buddhism: the true nature of mind. In particular, this prayer provides precious guidance and clear insights to Buddhist practitioners that the Mahaguru is not only represented by an outer guru but, more importantly, the primordially pure inner guru of our mind— Buddhanature.

Ethical Concerns of Searching Female Newcomer's Experiences: Reflections from the Field

Ethical Concerns of Searching Female Newcomer's Experiences: Reflections from the Field

Author(s): Fadi Hasan / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: Ethical Concerns; Searching Female Experiences; Reflections from the Field;

“Will the research make life even harder to cope with because sad memories and thoughts are revived? Is the researcher exploiting persons in a vulnerable position?” (Dyregrov et al., 2000). These fundamental questions indicate that conducting research on experiences of females with refugee background presents several serious challenges fraught with both ethical dilemmas and the possibility of potential harm to respondents (Bailey and Williams, 2018). The current literature is abundant with ethical guidelines. However, it often provides general guidance and is limited in specific practical contexts (Arifin, 2018).

POLYPREFIXAL VERBS OF SILENCE IN RUSSIAN AND POLISH

POLYPREFIXAL VERBS OF SILENCE IN RUSSIAN AND POLISH

Author(s): Liliia Kilina,Tatiana Kopylova / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: polyprefixation; verbs; silence; the Russian language; the Polish language; functioning;

This article describes Russian and Polish polyprefixation on the material of the group of verbs of silence. The analysis of historical and modern dictionaries combined with the functional-analytic approach to the text enable us to identify the hall marks of this language phenomenon in the Russian and Polish languages, to identify the most productive secondary prefixes and the specifics of their functioning.

Leadership in Education – Characteristics of the Key Concepts

Líderšip v edukácii – charakteristika kľúčových konceptov

Author(s): Eva Sollárová,Vladimír Poliach,Lucia Pašková,Zuzana Heinzová,Beata Žitniaková-Gurgová / Language(s): Slovak / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: school leadership; educational leadership; rapid review; framework analysis;

Objectives. Education and development of “leaders in education” in the Slovak Republic is not sufficiently grounded, theoretically or empirically. Within these circumstances the APVV project no. 17-0557 ("Psychological approach to development, implementation and evaluation of the competence model of educational leaders´ development”) has an ambition to contribute. As a precondition of a theoretically grounded competence model, there is a need to understand and define key concepts of leadership as applied to the educational setting which is the aim of the paper. Method. The method of the Frame Analysis by Ritchie & Spencer (1994) using CAQDAS and multiple evaluations, was applied to selected representative international literature sources from the area of leadership in education dated 2002 to 2018. Results. The sources analyzed are of high thematic and methodological variance. Defining leadership in education can be categorized according to the key concepts of school, educational and teacher leadership, which is discussed together with related concepts identified as well as the psychological knowledge of leadership applied in the educational setting. Conclusions. Specifications of the key concepts in leadership in the education setting seems inspirational for further processing of the project, as well as areas or topics identified where psychological knowledge and research findings seem to be insufficiently applied. Limitations. Narrowing the focus on the North American context as other studies (eg European) will follow.

Tomorrow's generation in today's Polish school: characteristics, priorities and challenges not only in the language classroom

Pokolenie jutra w dzisiejszej polskiej szkole: charakterystyka, priorytety i wyzwania nie tylko w klasie językowej.

Author(s): Katarzyna Zalisz / Language(s): Polish / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: Generation alpha; foreign language learning and teaching; XXI century students; CLIL; new technologies and innovations in education

The article will delineate the characteristics of Generation Alpha (Post-Gen-Z); children who were born after 2010, students at Polish schools today. The author will try to answer several questions related to Generation Alpha teaching environment – what the priorities and potential challenges there are, how they learn, what kind of school and teachers they need. In the article, issues such as new technologies and innovations in foreign language education as well as key competencies and XXI century skills of the Alpha students will be described.

BIOGRAPHIES

BIOGRAFIJE

Author(s): Not Specified Author / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: Biographies; Authors;

About the authors

The Relationship Between Corruption and Consciousness Calibration - Impact on the Safety of the Penitentiary System

Raportul dintre corupție și calibrarea conștiinței-impactul asupra siguranței sitemului penitenciar

Author(s): Constantin Victor Drăghici / Language(s): Romanian / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: corruption; calibration of conscience; safety of the penitentiary system;

This article proposes an in-depth analysis of the complex relationship between corruption, consciousness calibration, and its impact on the safety of the penitentiary system. Corruption, as a social phenomenon, entails the abusive use of power for personal gain and the acquisition of illegal advantages. The degree of corruption can be influenced by the level of consciousness among personnel, determined by ethical, moral, and cognitive factors. By employing contemporary paradigms such as social systems theory and the ethics of behavior paradigm, the complex mechanisms through which corruption interacts with the development and calibration of individual and collective consciousness are explored.In this context, the importance of education, training, and monitoring processes for professional integrity within the penitentiary system is highlighted, with the aim of fostering calibrated, ethical, and responsible consciousness. Additionally, the influence of corruption on the level of consciousness among personnel is revealed through complex psychological mechanisms such as cognitive justification and distortion of moral norms.To counteract the phenomenon of corruption and ensure the systematic safety of penitentiaries, an interdisciplinary approach is necessary, integrating knowledge and perspectives from the fields of social psychology, sociology, and ethics. The implementation of policies and strategies aimed at developing a higher level of consciousness and promoting a favorable institutional climate for integrity becomes crucial in strengthening and consolidating the Romanian penitentiary system, as well as facilitating the rehabilitation and reintegration of inmates into society.