Search results for: foucault in All Content

Foucault, Freud, and the Technologies of the Self

FUKO, FROJD I TEHNOLOGIJE SOPSTVA

Author(s): Patrick H. Hutton / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 463/2010

Intelektualna odiseja Mišela Fukoa nije drugačija od istorije tema koje je proučavao. Obe su imale neočekivane obrte. Fukoovo istraživanje kreće od ludnica do zatvora, od seksualnih tema do tehnika staranja o sebi. Ipak, to istorijsko putovanje poseduje određeni kontinuitet koji se tiče formiranja ljudskog uma, što nam daje prostora za raspravu o Fukoovom odnosu sa Sigmundom Frojdom. Fuko nikada nije opsežno raspravljao o značaju Frojdovog dela. Njegove primedbe sastoje se od razbacanih i obično posrednih referenci.1 Ipak, Fukoov rad je bremenit Frojdovim implicitnim prisustvom. Njegovi tekstovi, posmatrani u celini, mogu se interpretirati kao apostrofi ranje Frojda, iako su njihove metode pristupa umu dijametralno suprotne. Dok je Frojd ponudio metodu za istraživanje unutrašnjeg funkcionisanja psihe, Fuko je pokušavao da pokaže kako je sama metoda stara tehnika samoizgrađivanja, odgovorna za spoljno formiranja duha kroz vekove. Naša koncepcija psihe je, tvrdi Fuko, uslovljena tehnikama koje smo sami smislili kako bismo ispitali njene tajne, kako bismo je prinudili da odustane od skrivenog znanja koje će nam otkriti istinu o tome ko smo. Psihoanaliza je, u istorijskoj perspektivi, pozni dodatak tom poduhvatu koji potiče iz stare, ali nestalne familije tehnika staranja o sebi.

Foucault's The History of Sexuality (1984-2014)

Foucaultova Povijest seksualnosti (1984–2014)

Author(s): Krešimir Petković / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 2/2014

Godine 2014. komemorira se trideset godina smrti Michela Foucaulta. Godinu obilježava niz prigodnih događaja, akademskih skupova i izdanja. Privodi se kraju i objavljivanje Foucaultovih predavanja na Collège de France te se, koliko je to moguće, polako zaokružuje njegova bogata intelektualna ostavština. Udruga Domino odlučila je iskoristiti prigodu i barem malo ojačati veoma fragmentiranu ponudu Foucaultovih djela na hrvatskom, izdavanjem triju svezaka Povijesti seksualnosti povodom ove obljetnice.1 Knjiga je u Hrvatskoj promovirana u proljeće 2014. – najprije u Zagrebu, u sklopu 7. Subversive Festivala, a zatim i u Osijeku na prigodnome simpoziju Foucault: moć ideja.

Bloom… Nietzsche… Foucault… Rorty: Philosophical Assumptions of Antithetical Criticism

Bloom… Nietzsche… Foucault… Rorty: Filozofske pretpostavke antitetičke kritike

Author(s): Predrag Brebanović / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 01/125/2012

Keywords: revisionsm; influence; resentment; canon; genealogy; subject; self-creation; contingency

The paper examines the importance of Nietzsche’s ideas for the genesis and development of Harold Bloom’s theoretical conceptions. The focus is on revisionist foundations of the idea of “anxiety of influence”, as well as on Bloom’s polemic with contemporary theoretical orientations he pejoratively labeled as “School of Resentment”. In addition, certain elements of Bloom’s poetics are confronted with Nietzsche’s legacy present in the work of two philosophers, Michel Foucault and Richard Rorty. Pointing out the similarities and differences – and also the related views of authors such as Gilles Deleuze and Paul de Man – the paper confirms that Nietzsche’s opus, partly due to capacity for different interpretations, has those qualities that Bloom defines as “canonical”.

PHILOSOPHICAL LAUGHTER BY M. FOUCAULT AND HOPELESS UNWILLINGNESS OF BEING HUMAN

M. FOUCAULT "FILOSOFINIS JUOKAS" IR BEVILTIŠKAS NENORAS BŪTI ŽMOGUMI

Author(s): Krescentius-Antanas Stoškus / Language(s): Lithuanian / Issue: 68/2005

Keywords: God extermination; human death; repugnance; nihilism; last human; killing laugh; homo consumens; willingness of being human

The article starts with the discussion of the technology used to kill God. The consideration of the role of the higher human being and that of the status of last men follows. The strong and the weak nihilism as indicators of culture’s destruction are distinguished. Considerable attention is paid to signs of apocalyptic culture and features of the times of Homo Consumens. The paper closes with the discussion of the problem whether the death of modern human being is acceptable.

Lacan, Žižek and Foucault Watch "Prison Break". (Psycho)analysis of a Series

Lacan, Žižek i Foucault oglądają "Skazanego na śmierć"

Author(s): Jacek Kozłowski / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 64/2008

Keywords: Žižek Slavoj; Lacan Jacques; Foucault Michel

Why is “Prison Break” so popular? This essay attempts to answer the question by referring to the ideas of Michel Foucault and Slavoj Žižek’s philosophy of film. “Prison Break” is analyzed accordingly to the Žižek’s motto, that fiction is more real than reality. The acceptance of this premise allows the author to see the structure of the storyline of the series as an illustration of Lacanian mechanisms of the subconscious. The author also juxtaposes the psychoanalytic recognitions with the history of prison as described by Foucault in Discipline and Punish. In this context Prison Break is seen as a fantasy on the possibility of escape of an individual from a panoptic power structure to the impossible freedom. Kozłowski finds Lacanian and Foucaultian approaches to be complimentary. Thanks to them the cause of the popularity of the series are recognized both at a micro (mechanism ruling the subconscious) and macro level (mechanisms that govern culture).

A Foucault-inspired view of consumer culture

Foucaultovski pogled na potrošno kulturo

Author(s): Luka Zevnik / Language(s): Slovenian / Issue: 054/2007

Keywords: consumer culture; technologies of the self; genealogy; consumer practices; compulsory happiness; aesthetics of existence

In his article the author conveys a Foucauldian perspective on consumer culture and tries to present the advantages this perspective could bring to a critical analysis of this widespread socio-cultural phenomenon. He draws from the theory of ethics and technologies of the self of the late Foucault. On the basis of Foucault’s genealogy of the modern form of subjectivity the author reveals the horizons of the gradual erosion of freedom also inherent in contemporary consumer practices. By illuminating a certain continuity of the lack of autonomy still present in the modern form of subjectivity, the author questions the thesis about detraditionalisation and, more importantly, opens up the field of resistance and the possibility of establishing more autonomous forms of subjectivity.

Foucault, Nancy, Agamben – The Crisis of the A Priori in the Era of Theoretical Anti-Humanism

Foucault, Nancy, Agamben – The Crisis of the A Priori in the Era of Theoretical Anti-Humanism

Author(s): Wouter Goris / Language(s): English / Issue: 21/2015

Keywords: theoretical anti-humanism; ontology; crisis of the a priori; empirico-transcendental doubles; experience.

The present contribution discusses some determining patterns in contemporary continental philosophy as evidenced by the work of Jean-Luc Nancy and Giorgio Agamben, viz. theoretical antihumanism and the crisis of the a priori. It argues that the return of a post-humanist variant of the anthropological doubles in the work of Michel Foucault is no isolated phenomenon and that, hence, the historical a priori of modernity is less defined by transcendental subjectivity than by the series of doubles to which even the criticism of transcendental subjectivity still succumbs. Furthermore, this contribution argues that a crisis of the a priori presents itself in the post-humanist variant of the anthropological doubles. It makes clear that, according to Nancy and Agamben, (i.) there are transcendental structures that organize the empirical domain and to which one has access within this domain (the empirico-transcendental double), and that (ii.) access to the empirical domain itself is governed by the very transcendental structure to which the empirical domain opens (the crisis of the a priori).

Daniel Zamora, Michael C. Behrent (eds.): Foucault and Neoliberalism

Daniel Zamora, Michael C. Behrent (eds.): Foucault and Neoliberalism

Author(s): Petr Kubala / Language(s): Czech / Issue: 04/2016

Dancing Wittgenstein (after Foucault)

Dancing Wittgenstein (after Foucault)

Author(s): Jeff Stickney / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: philosophy; Wittgenstein; Foucault; Michael A. Peters; political philosophy;

The publication of Wittgenstein: Philosophy, Postmodernism, Pedagogy (1999) by Michael A. Peters and James D. Marshall was a landmark. I had just started my doctorate (after ten years of teaching secondary school), intent on applying Wittgenstein’s later philosophy to problems in education: as they appeared on the rough ground instead of the crystalline purity of plans drawn up by the Ministry and District School Boards (PI §107). True to form, this book charts the intellectual and cultural legacies on which Wittgenstein drew: Schopenhauer and Nietzsche, and (with Nicholas Burbules in Chapter 9), currents in 20th c. Viennese society that provided background to his style and aesthetic sensibilities. It also mapped the way forward by drawing connections between Wittgenstein’s manner of “writing the self” with Foucault’s neo-Nietzschean concept of arts and techniques of self-stylization. The effect was to transform my project, exploring joint applications of the philosophies of Wittgenstein and Foucault to teacher inspection and professional development: a trajectory that led me to work with James Tully at University of Toronto, who had long been employing these thinkers in political philosophy (Tully, 1989). Ten years later I appreciated what this turn meant for my own development as a writer and activist in education. At a post-lecture dinner Michael confided that in taking up Lyotard and Foucault, the more political philosophers, he “saved himself from becoming a pithy Wittgensteinian” (Toronto 2010). Anyone fatigued by “over rehearsed” expositions of the compelling rule-following argument will know what this means: even those seeing its wider applications in education. Moving into The Government of the Self and Others, Michael and his collaborators essayed/assayed practice-based approaches to philosophical and policy questions in education: whether initiate training into normative rules (Wittgenstein); or, normalizing, disciplinary and dividing practices (Foucault). His work on Nietzsche, Heidegger, Wittgenstein, Lyotard, Rorty, Derrida and Foucault makes Michael (along with other contributors to this volume) not only our resident genealogist but, ironically, one of the founders of post-foundational philosophy of education.

FOUCAULT’S EXPERIENCE: LIFE, HISTORY, TRANSGRESSION

FOUCAULTOVA IZKUŠNJA: ŽIVLJENJE, ZGODOVINA, TRANSGRESIJA, AKTUALNOST

Author(s): Robert Bobnič / Language(s): Slovenian / Issue: 086/2018

Keywords: Michel Foucault; experience; governmentality; genealogy; transgression;

In his final works, Foucault was developing the concept of the historically singular form of experience (HSFI), in which the perspectives of knowledge, power and self converge. At the same time, Foucault places himself in the critical line of the genealogical relationship to time, from which another concept of experience – (limit) experience as a practice of desubjectivation – derived. The article thus builds on the assumption that experience is a concept that encapsulates Foucault’s thought in the most complex way, but has not yet been sufficiently thematised in the domestic academic space. In elaborating the concept of experience, the article follows Deleuze and Guattari’s notion of philosophy as a practice of creating concepts that are always in relation to history and becoming, which asks forthe question of the actuality of Foucault’s experience within so-called algorithmic governmentality.

Foucault and matrones. Women in Roman Religion: between potestas a potentia

Foucault i matrony. Kobiety w religii rzymskiej: między potestas a potentia

Author(s): Andrzej Gillmeister / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2013

Keywords: Women in Roman Religion; potestas a potentia;

The author considers the role of a woman by refereeing to the paradigm created by Michael Foucault in The History of Sexuality and based on the principal of passive and active sexual attitude as a key to analyse the social relations. Taking this paradigm to a higher level of generality and applying it to the analysis of the role of a woman in the Roman religion the author came to a conclusion that gender was not the reason for discrimination or diminishment of the role of women in the sphere of the public religion. It was merely a criterion for assigning women certain roles within the frames of which their actions were routine and their rights the same as that of men. The author thinks that considering the links between religion and politics in the ancient Rome, an attempt should be made to redefine the role of women in a spirit of affirmative humanism by demonstrating that if potestas belonged to men, potentia, which characterised women, allowed them significantly greater participation in the religious and political life of Rome than it has been so far presented in the literature.

Michel Foucault: sexuality, power and resistance

Мишел Фуко: сексуалност, власт и съпротива

Author(s): Gergana Popova,Kamen Lozev / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1/2019

Keywords: Michel Foucault; Panopticon; sexuality; power;obedience;

Michel Foucault elaborated an original theory of modern power understood not in terms of the state’s basic function to discipline its subjects through an imposed system of prohibitions and individual restrictions, but rather in terms of an all-encompassing net of techniques, relations and discursive practices permeating the totality of social relations. It is to this most interesting theory created by Foucault that we focus our attention in the paper. Foucault’s notion of modern power is best symbolized by the transparent and easy for surveillance space of Jeremy Bentham’s ‘Panopticon’. We examine the workings of this ‘technology of power’ from the standpoint of the way it disciplines the body of modern man through observation and punishment in line with the (capitalist/bourgeois) ideals of benefit and profit, and also – this is where we lay stress! – in line with the requirements to achieve maximum political obedience. In our presentation we analyze in detail Foucault’s insistence that today sexuality has become one of the most important focal points of modern power’s mechanisms aiming at submission. Foucault’s own argument that ‘Where there is power, there is resistance’, leads us to ask and explore the question ‘Is any counter-action to this dispersed, anonymous, all-encompassing net of power at all possible?’ And if the answer is negative, then: ‘Are all our attempts to resist and break the shackles only a foredoomed and aimless wandering within the labyrinths of modern power?’

Michel Foucault as a Heterotopia

Michel Foucault as a Heterotopia

Author(s): Marcin Kafar / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: Michel Foucault;heterotopia

Freire versus Foucault: Plantations, Slavery and Thing-centered Pedagogy

Freire versus Foucault: plantacje, niewolnictwo i pedagogika rzeczy

Author(s): Piotr Stańczyk / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2019

Keywords: Paulo Freire; Michel Foucault; emancipatory pedagogy; discipline and punishment; thing-centred pedagogy; materialist pedagogy

The main purpose of this article is to compare Paulo Freire’s and Michel Foucault’s philosophies of education using the example of basic literacy campaign at the Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe (STP). Using the archaeology of knowledge, the author intends to discover certain textual layers. The first layer (from the beginning of the 20th century) includes reports on labour conditions in the quasi-slavery system in Portuguese plantations and the answers published by Portuguese platnation owners. The organisation of labour and descriptions of native workers from that period are similar to Foucault’s concept of discipline and punishment. The second layer contains texts from Freire’s basic literacy campaign and it shows that using Foucault’s concept to analyse handbooks from the basic literacy campaign diminishes the meaningfulness of emancipatory education. In conclusion, the author attempts to decline – from the pragmatic point of view – the possible critique of Freire’s concept with the use of Foucault’s concept by finding the solution in emancipatory thing-centred pedagogy.

Michel Foucault and Western Medicine

Мишел Фуко и западната медицина

Author(s): Dmitry Mikhel / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 3/2020

Keywords: Michel Foucault; Western medicine; power; psychiatry; hospital; social medicine

The article analyzes Michel Foucault’s philosophical ideas on Western medicine and delves into three main insights that the French philosopher developed to expose the presence of power behind the veil of the conventional experience of medicine. These insights probe the power-disciplining function of psychiatry, the administra¬tive function of medical institutions, and the role of social medicine in the adminis¬trative and political system of Western society. Foucault arrived at these views by way of his intense interest in three elements of the medical system that arose almost simultaneously at the end of the 18th century: psychiatry as “medicine for mental illness”, the hospital as the first and most well-known type of medical institution, and social medicine as a type of medical knowledge focused more on the protection of society and far less on caring for the individual. All the issues Foucault wrote about stemmed from his personal and professional sensitivity to the problems of power and were a part of the “medical turn” in the social and human sciences that occurred in the West in the 1960s and 1970s and led to the emergence of medical humanities. The article argues that Foucault’s histories of the power of medical knowledge were philosophical histories of Western medicine. Foucault always used facts, dates, and names in an attempt to identify some of the general tendencies and patterns in the development of Western medicine and to reveal usually undisclosed mechanisms for managing individuals and populations. Those mechanisms underlie the practice of providing assistance, be it the “moral treatment” practiced by psychiatrists before the advent of effective medication, or treating patients as “clinical cases” in hospitals, or hospitalization campaigns that were considered an effective “technological safe-guard ” in the 18th and most of the 19th century.

Foucault on Power: A Theory for Women?

Fuko o moći: teorija za žene?

Author(s): Nancy Hartsock / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 1/1995

Revolution and the Cave: Arendt, Foucault and Badiou on Plato

Revolucija i spilja: Arendt, Foucault i Badiou o Platonu

Author(s): Krešimir Petković / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 26/2021

Keywords: philosophy; Hannah Arendt; Foucault; Badiou; Plato; revolution;

Hannu Arendt, Michela Foucaulta i Alaina Badioua, angažirane javne intelektualce, povezuje refeksija o različitim povijesnim revolucijama i prevratima. Bogatstvo njihova opusa, zatrpanog slojevima epistemološke i političke egzegeze, dovoljno je da naslov učini pretencioznim. Ako im se pridruži Platon, filozof kojemu i njegov oštar politički kritičar Karl Popper priznaje status najdubljeg i najgenijalnijeg od svih filozofa – uostalom, cijelu tradiciju zapadne filozofije A.N. Whitehead je nazvao nizom bilješki na Platonovo djelo – situacija se čini gotovo beznadnom.

How to Build the Bridges, Sébastien Foucault in conversation with Krystyna Bednarek

Jak budować mosty. Z Sébastienem Foucault rozmawia Krystyna Bednarek

Author(s): Krystyna Bednarek / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 166/2021

Reconnecting Latour with Foucault:

Splatając na nowo Latoura z Foucaultem:

Author(s): Aleksandra Kil,Jacek Małczyński,Dorota Wolska / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 2/2021

Keywords: humanities laboratory; modus of knowing; ethnography of the laboratory; archeology of the humanities; Bruno Latour; Michel Foucault;

This article is a methodological assessment of the studies performed as part of theproject “Laboratorium humanistyczne jako modus poznania” [The Humanities Laboratoryas a Mode of Knowing]. Ethnographical studies of the laboratory by Bruno Latour andothers are juxtaposed with Michel Foucault’s archeological approach and the authorshighlight links between the two. Although the ethnography of the laboratory makes itpossible to draw attention to the still underrated significance of infrastructure in theproduction of knowledge in the humanities, this approach mostly focuses on exploringnaturalist laboratories, thus making it impossible to define the identity of the humanitieslaboratory. The perspective of the archeology of knowledge allows us to peek into thestill unacknowledged history of the humanities laboratories and it sets into motion thetranscendental reel – a precondition for the hipoepistemic perspective and for becomingaware of what is on the surface of knowledge as well as of what is underneath.

The last Foucault

Ultimul Foucault

Author(s): Viorella Manolache / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 2/2024

Keywords: The Last Foucault; the Final Foucault; the February 15, 1984 lecture; a biographical-testamentary act; death;

The present article proposes to highlight the valences of the last Foucault, engaging him with a punctual and punctuated approach found in/through an accumulation of immediate arguments – from the last interview, to the last Foucault, as equivalent to the last man (Fukuyama) or to the reading (by overlapping) of the last Foucault and the last words of Socrates (from Foucault's lecture, February 15, 1984). The last [Foucault] is endowed – here – by/with a plus meaning: last approaches the act of being the last, but it also retains what remained decisive and definitive, launching, as a creative-decisive formula, the act and the temptation of thinking, by clearly redefining the object of thought. The last Foucault does not have a synonymous meaning, nor can it integrate in the series of possible finite-final extensions (with notes of differentiation in relation to the final Foucault or to the appellative of late Foucault). Last remains – here – an open research phase/stage, started in the early 1980s, as new experiments/experiences felt both at the external level of sociability, but also through the attempt of self-transformation, both part of a genealogical project applied to themes, practices and modes of governance of the self and the others.