Revista Mișcarea literară – Revistă de literatură, artă, cultură apare din anul 1924, directorul său fondator fiind Liviu Rebreanu, pe timpul căruia revista se numea Mișcarea literară – Gazetă săptămanală de critică și informaţie literară, artistică și culturală. Numărul 3 (23) pe 2007 al revistei, bogat ilustrat de Dan Palade, este dedicat operei lui Pavel Dan, cu ocazia unui secol de la nașterea lui.
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Keywords: literature
It could be an exercise of moral responsibility by locating the works of the artists, the writers or the scholars who chose to live outside of Romania in the zone of utmost interest for the Romanian culture. For almost fifty years, during the communism, we were ignoring them (with some exceptions) and even the authors of the dictionaries or histories of literature avoided integrating in the Romanian literature a series of works of the exiled writers. Today, the writers who live(ed) in exile, the Romanian writers living outside the native country are a subject of more and more books39. Writers as Aron Cotruş, Vintilă Horia or Matei Vişniec, Norman Manea, important names of the exile from another age of the Romanian literature, are comprised in The Essential Dictionary of the Romanian Writers, the referrals about them being written by the critic and academic authorities. Some Romanian writers who lived in exile make also the object of a series of monographs and of interesting doctor’s degree theses. Aurel Sasu, one of the authors of the Dictionary of Romanian literature, wrote somewhere that “the Romanian literature is only one in Bucharest, New York, Madrid, Paris or London.” This is the point of view which must be the start for reviewing the Romanian literature, because there is sometimes, let’s admit it, a kind of inertia and lack of concern towards the exile writings, equally blameful like is the opponent tendency, of an enthusiastic recovery which substitutes the aesthetical criterion with a more or less traumatic biographical experience of the exile. After leaving the country after 1945, some Romanians chose France, because of the language and the cultural background, and also Spain. Some of them remained in Europe, others emmigrated again and went to the United States, countries of Latin America or Canada. There, they continued their work as Romanian writers, “moving” the native country to other geography, trying to build in fact their own Romania. They continued to write into Romanian, to edit journals and magazines in Romanian language, to publish books in their own publishing houses etc. One of the most preeminent scholar and writer, Mircea Eliade, in his Memories, said that he didn’t see in exile “a break from the Romanian culture, but only a change of perspective, namely a displacement to diaspora.” So, it is obvious that Mircea Eliade and other Romanian writers (such as Ştefan Baciu, Sanda Golopenţia, Constantin Eretescu, Norman Manea, etc.) continued to feel themselves belonging to the Romanian culture.
More...Proceedings of the annual conference of the Association for Transylvanian Studies 2003 in Schengen and information about the editorial staff.
More...Keywords: labor disputes; Economic and Social Council; the role of the State; Labour Inspection
The State is the one drawing up the legislation designed to ensure that the fundamental rights and freedoms of citizens are being respected, a set of rules which constitute a public policy that should also be followed ad litteram by collective bargaining, and the legislation appropriate to workplace social relations which constitute a social public policy, the minimum level where social partners begin their dialogue within collective bargaining. Labor legislation includes a minimum number of employee rights, based on which the social partners can further establish more favorable or supplemental rights within the collective and individual negotiation. More specifically, the role of the State in labor relations, in work conflict resolution, is manifested in the three existing state powers. The State is interested in any labor dispute, but it must be admitted that it „transfers a part of its authority to the social partners, as well”, who, thus, could establish settlement procedures, provided that these do not affect the procedural and substantial rights of employees. Settling states of conflict by the Economic and Social Council can only take place before the onset of labor disputes, from this moment on the provisions of the Labor Code and Law No. 168/1999 on the settlement of labor disputes becoming enforceable. The role of the Economic and Social Council may be displayed by formulating proposals, issuing views or recommendations for settling states of conflict, and by encouraging dialogue between the parties concerned. We could say that the role of the Economic and Social Council in settling states of conflict (referring to the rights or interests of employees) is that of a conciliator. Following the line of work conflict resolution, the current legislation does not grant explicit powers to the Labor Inspection. However, we consider that the labor inspectors can intervene to prevent labor disputes or other states of conflict, feeling the necessity of appropriate changes in orientation in terms of the role and objectives of the Labor Inspection.
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Keywords: Romanian Literature; Identity; esthetic/ extraesthetic; postponement; recuperation; Orient/Occident
The paper Complexes, Dilemmas and Illusions of the Romanian Literature discusses the three concepts – characteristics of the Romanian literature, which function as configurative terms of the critical image. They express, from different points of view and with different intensities a major tension between the critical discourse having as effect the afterimage of the Romanian literature and the Romanian literature itself with her successes, her syncope sang her fluctuations. The debate’s starts pointing are in the anthropological, theoretical and historical-literary of the Eugen Negrici’s book - Iluziile literaturii române (The Illusions of the Romanian Literature), Monica Spiridon’s book - Les dilemmes de l’identité aux confins de l’Europe (The identity’s dilemmas in outer limits of Europe), and Mircea Martin’s book G. Călinescu şi „complexele” literaturii române (G. Călinescu and the Romanian Literature’s ’Complexes’”); the general danger detected is the manipulation of the Romanian Literature by extraesthetic elements.
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Keywords: Air; archetype; concept; movement
Air as an archetype is another work element of the contemporary artist. Conceptually, concern for Air and “ its spiritual regularities” comes from an illustrious line of European thought. It is seen with Paracelsus, Leonardo Da Vinci, Nietzsche, Jung or J.C. Cooper. Since visual representations from the second half of the twentieth century are extremely numerous, we are going to illustrate only a small number of works by artists who used this “physical matter” (Air) in their artistic expression.
More...Keywords: gender identity; postcolonialism; women writers; South-Asian novels
This paper focuses on the gendered identities resulting from some English-language novels by women writers of South-Asian origin, namely Brick Lane by Monica Ali, Life Isn’t All Haa Haa Hee Hee by Meera Syal and Looking for Maya and Transmission by Atima Srivastava. The discussion takes place in the postcolonial and postmodern contexts and addresses this topic in connection to other markers of identity: class, ‘race’, socioeconomic group, caste, sexual orientation, generation. Gender is regarded as a process, in movement and development, from a balanced perspective, by equally taking into consideration feminist and masculinity theories. The question of culture today must be raised in the realm of the ‘beyond’, which expresses a transit period and is defined by a sense of disorientation, a disturbance of direction (according to Homi Bhabbha in Introduction to The Location of Culture). Thus, gender identity is explored in the above mentioned novels as a cultural construct and on the migratory axis centre-periphery, metropolis-former empire, with some of the characters seeking to accede to what they view as the centre and others to go back to the periphery they or their parents had left. However, ‘finding the centre’ seems to pose controversial identity issues in the global contemporary world, where this is a personal construct rather than a generally acknowledged one.
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Keywords: International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia; war crime; Serbia; Goran Hadzic; Serbian President Boris Tadic; Hague Tribunal; Vukovar; Ratko Mladic; Krajina; FBI; Chief Hague Tribunal Prosecutor Serge Brammertz; law;
Serbian war-crime investigators can learn from an American parallel that they must keep casting the net even after the big fish are caught.
More...Keywords: risk; failure; bankruptcy; insolvency; laws insolvency; comparison; Romania, UE
The firms and economic sectors that are in an advanced state of development and also have a good competitive position, have a lower degree of insolvency. But at the same time, new firms, the ones that activate in new sectors, are more exposed. As well, in the new context of adherence’s countries to the EU, increases the interest in the study of movements from the level of the maintenance of the performances of Central and East Europe entities on a competitive market and implicitly in the study of bankruptcy’ risk. We can notice a big increase in the number of bankruptcies from the commercial sector but must not be regarded as a negative aspect. The number of explosions of companies that was registered in all economies in transition from Central and Eastern Europe, made them represent the majority within the companies that were founded after 1989. This development has determined a strong competition, which was also triggered by the free access to the common market. In Romania, the number of bankruptcies in the last two years was strongly influenced by the positive effects of the new procedure which was simplified for the bankruptcy law. The purpose of this paper is focus on the main factors that provoke the bankruptcy’s entities by exemplify the insolvency level registered in Central and Eastern Europe countries, referring to Romania. Also, our paper offers comparison and explanation of movements in the level and structure of insolvency.
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Keywords: public spaces; urban practices; urban policies; immigration
Through the presentation of two case studies this paper aims to engage the theoretical debate on the persistence of public space in the contemporary city, and focuses the attention on the way people practice these spaces and on the policies which are regulating their uses. Starting from the description of different ways in which some urban spaces in Rome (Italy) are used by two different communities of people, one mainly composed by immigrants and the other by young city users, and the diverse ways in which their different practices are seen and tolerated, the aim of this paper is to reflect on public spaces. Observing how city users practice public spaces, and analysing the way in which these practices are considered, are particularly exciting perspectives that can offer an interesting vision of the spatial and social reality of the city and of hegemonic relations which govern it.
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Keywords: Monica Spiridon; Eliade; exile; journal; Cioran; Ionescu; Scarpetta; saudade; Sorin Alexandrescu;
More...Keywords: labour law; employment contract; trial period; written notification, employer; employee.
The adoption of Law No.40/2011 completing and amending the Labor Code was aimed at bringing flexibility to the regulations regarding labor relationships, labor market. The amendments and alterations brought to the provisions of the Labor Code in what the trial period is concerned, do not change entirely the meaning of the prior regulation. The main alterations regard the increase of the trial period and the new period of training for the graduates of higher education institutions in their professional debut, as well as removing the ban on successive employment of more than three people on the same job. In addition, the legal nature of the trial period is also clarified, being considered a cancelation clause of the employment contract. Thus, during the trail period or at its expiration both parties can terminate the contract by means of a written notification, without notice or motivation. The herein study aims at analyzing the new aspects brought to the Labor Code in respect to the trial period, as well as some considerations of comparative law on this matter.
More...Keywords: counter-claim; labor jurisdiction; pecunary action
At the present time, the pecuniary liability of employees may only be engaged in accordance with the provisions of Article 269-275 of Labor code. There is no longer possible to issue a decision of imputation in what the employees are concerned. The counter-claim is being used in the pecuniary actions on a regular basis. By means of the counter-claim, the defendant pursues a legal compensation between the plaintiff’s claims and his own. The admissibility of the counter-claim within labor disputes is subject to the same rules regarding any claim brought before a court of justice, as well as the following conditions: the existence of a main claim before a court, to embody all the elements of a writ of summons and to be connected to the plaintiff’s claim. Generally, the counter-claim is regulated by Article 119 Civil procedure code, and is admissible within individual labor disputes and collective rights disputes if it is connected to the main claim, the claims not being limited to pecuniary rights only. In what the labor law is concerned, the connection between the two claims results from the mutual source of the legal labor relationship, namely the individual or collective labor agreement.
More...Keywords: labour disputes; individual labor disputes; collective labor disputes, alternative resolution; judicial resolution; conciliation; mediation; arbitration
The herein study is dedicated to the analysis of the labor legislation within a number of states which are not members of the European Union, with the aim of underlying the legislative solutions adopted in what regards the labor dispute resolution by legal or alternative means. We outline the fact that, within these states, both individual and collective labor disputes are legally regulated, the states share the negotiation and the reaching of compromise between the parties to the dispute, however the procedures used by each state in the attempt to settle labor disputes differ in what the details are concerned.
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review article
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Keywords: electoral process; Romanian parliament; Traian Basescu; political corruption; European Union; Transparency International; parliamentary elections; Social Democrats; National Liberals
While the EU looks the other way, opponents of reform in Romania are about to have their day at the polls.
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