Publisher: IDIS VIITORUL Institutul pentru Dezoltare şi Initiative Sociale

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100 cele mai presante probleme ale Republicii Moldova în 2006

Author(s): Igor Munteanu,Ghenadie Mocanu,Veaceslav Ioniţă,Inga Sinchevici / Language(s): Romanian

This intelligent product provides comparative and analytical elements for the adoption of superior techniques for evaluating decisions that involve significant costs for our society. At the same time, the intention of the authors of this study is to encourage critical reflection and the comparative approach to the elaboration of efficient and effective public policies, as well as to the qualitative increase of the level of public debates on these topics of interest. // The research team consisted of 3 experts and a coordinator. The study was coordinated by Igor Munteanu, and the research team consisted of Ghenadie Mocanu (political analyst), Veaceslav Ioniţă (economist), Inga Sinchevici (sociologist). // The authors of the study sincerely thank the Friedrich Ebert Foundation for the support provided in the elaboration of this research, but also for the encouragement it offered us during this complex study.

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100 of the most pressing Issues in the Republic of Moldova in 2007

Author(s): Ion Marandici,Dumitru Lazur,Ion Guzun,Stela Guzun,Nadejda Caprar,Diana Cheianu-Andrei,Olesea Cruc,Alexandru Lesanu / Language(s): English

The peculiarity of 2007 was the fact that it was the last year of the implementation of the EU Action Plan by the Republic of Moldova facing a severe drought. In 2006, the authorities of the Republic of Moldova had put forth the efforts to convince the European officials and the western partners of the possibilities of the country to implement the stipulations of the Action Plan RM-EU, the efforts have been materialized by the creating and sending reports regarding the implementation of the RM-EU AP. In 2007, the Moldovan authorities are facing the situation when they have to prove to the citizens and to themselves that the implementation of the Action Plan RM-EU did not represent just efforts but also clear results in bringing Moldova closer to EU. Or the implementation of this very document represented a capacity and availability test of the Republic of Moldova to approach the European Union. // This smart product offers comparative and analytical elements for the adoption of some superior techniques of evaluation of some decisions that involve important costs for our society. Meanwhile, the intention of the authors of this study is to encourage critical thinking and comparative approach regarding drafting of efficient and effective public policies as well as qualitative growth of the level of public debates on these issues of interest.

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7 Premize pentru Consolidarea Sectorului Energetic al Republicii Moldova în Anul 2011

Author(s): Ion Muntean / Language(s): Romanian

The year 2011 has all the chances to become a fruitful one for the energy sector of the Republic of Moldova by the fact that this year a very favorable situation is created for building the theme of a sustainable development of the energy sector in the Republic of Moldova. In the form of a new government, it offers the Republic of Moldova a new status and a new motivation to contribute to the increase of the country's energy security and to participate in an energy market based on principles of equity and mutual benefits. Through a consistent approach to the problems in the energy sector, an efficient cooperation between the responsible and targeted structures in this sector and the capitalization of all the opportunities that are created in 2011, the achievements can be truly solid.

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A short Radiography of the Pharmaceutical Market in Moldova

Author(s): Iurie Gotișan / Language(s): English

This policy brief is intended to describe the general situation on the pharmaceutical market in the Republic of Moldova, and a comprehensive approach of key reforms in this area, in particular in terms of pricing. The analysis attempts to highlight the drug market volume in Moldova, including a regional comparative tint. It is described the legal and institutional framework regulating this market, some international experience in this field, operational aspects of the pharmaceutical market as well as some stipulations of the new Regulation on pricing. The study concludes with a set of conclusions and recommendations that should be considered by both those regulating the drug market and those who activate on this market, traders, manufacturers and pharmacies.

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Achievements and Cooperation Opportunities between the UN and the Republic of Moldova

Author(s): Veaceslav Berbeca / Language(s): English

The Republic of Moldova participation in the UN is a corner¬stone of the foreign policy of the state. Due to its unique inter¬national character, the United Nations serves as a platform of activity in a wide range of areas, being a forum for debate of global issues. The implications of participation in the UN has an important role for Chisinau because it offers the op¬portunity to reinforce the image and prestige of the Republic of Moldova on the international arena, such as participation in UN peacekeeping operations, promote national interests by our country missions accredited to the UN or by the presence in elective bodies of the United Nations. At the same time, it is worthwhile mentioning the importance of the assistance provided by UN Agencies to solve development issues facing our country. The United Nations Agencies and programs activity aims to support actions promoting democratic reforms, human development and social inclusion or to support central and local authorities of sustainable environmental management.

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Another Eastern European Nation Gets Tangled In US Politics

Author(s): Vlad Lupan / Language(s): English

Days after Richard Grenell was recently named by President Trump as the United States’ acting national director of intelligence — America’s chief spy — a media site reported that Grenell had worked for an Eastern European politician whom the US has accused of corruption and barred from the country. Grenell, who is in the job until a permanent director is named and confirmed, apparently did not disclose that income or register as a foreign agent. The story is complicated.

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Are the Moldovans who hold Romanian Passports a Devastating Threat for EU?

Author(s): Leonid Litră / Language(s): English

Moldova’s relations with the EU have advanced significantly over the past years. At the same time, in the European public space there are appearing many controversial discussions, some of them denigrating Republic of Moldova. These insinuations are mainly related to the acquisition of the Romanian citizenship and migration of Moldovans to EU. Even if Romania is not a special case in dealing with citizenship issues, the media attacks towards Romania and Moldova increased in the last months, being mostly observed in the European press. Their aim might be to slow down the rapprochement of Moldova to EU that seems to be a campaign orchestrated by some states, other than the EU states.

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Arhitectura securităţii în Vecinătatea estică a UE: Provocări și Realităţi

Author(s): / Language(s): Romanian

The round table in Chisinau involved in discussions experts from Austria, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Georgia, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Norway, Poland, Romania, Switzerland and Ukraine, the discussions being preceded by several meetings with people with decision-making power and relevant personalities / representatives of NGOs from the Republic of Moldova. // The main purpose of the discussions was to raise public awareness and facilitate public debate on issues related to the reform of the security system of our country and to develop a unique approach between decision makers and civil society representatives on the future of security of the Republic of Moldova. existing in the new EU Member States. Another aim was to learn from the knowledge gained by European countries in the field of various security models.

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Black Sea Region – Continuity or geopolitical Change

Author(s): Corneliu Ciurea / Language(s): English

The geopolitical situation in the Black Sea Region is in a continuous state of flux. This region was rediscovered at the beginning of the XXI century when some euroatlantic practitionners started to think about it as an ideal place for the transit of oil and gas from the Cas¬pian Sea, a fertile land for the expansion of the frontiers of freedom and a good bridgehead for the containment of Russia. This region took different forms in the past, being alternatively a Soviet Union „salt-lake” counteracted by Turkey and a proving ground for the erec¬ting of the frontiers of freedom. Today, we could notice a reformating of this region by reordering it according to the principles of inter-block rivalry. In these conditions, Moldova is compelled to renew its policy of balancing among different geopolitical blocks with yet unclear contours, this taking place exactly in the moment when the geopolitical rivalries are being reignited and the Black Sea region is losing its statute of an „uninteresting” and a putatively tamed re¬gion, becoming more and more a battlefield with an unpredictable outcome.

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Border Security in the Context of Future Visa Free Regime

Author(s): Iurie Gotişan / Language(s): English

This policy brief is elaborated based on the Action Plan on visa liberalization with the EU, further in the text APVL, particularly the part referring to border management. Thus, this analysis attempts to highlight the Republic of Moldova position compared to other states (Georgia, Ukraine, Russia, etc.) that are currently in the process of negotiations with the EC on the liberalization of the visa regime but also to some countries aspiring to such a process. This study has rather a more quantitative aspect and tries to carry out a broader assessment of the potential migration and security effects of the liberalization of visas for Moldovan citizens traveling to the EU.This analysis indicates that Moldova is not an important route for illegal migrants to reach one of the EU countries. Moreover, if we look at the border segment with Romania then the number of illegal migrants apprehended overall, (also covered in FRONTEX Agency reports) amounts to just several dozens, including Moldovan citizens. In addition, this analysis highlights the number of people with Moldovan citizenship that aimed to reach the EU illegally in breach of the border “green” sector, which is also the lowest in the top of nations.As a rule, the flows or the number of illegal migrants through the BCP (border crossing points) are the best identified or represented by refusals of entry. Thus, in terms of the indicator of refusal of entry into the EU, in a top of nations, Moldovans do not appear at all. Moldovan citizens appear in the FRONTEX statistics only in 2009 on the 9th position and only on land border segment and in the FRONTEX analysis reports, the Republic of Moldova is mentioned only incidentally. At the same time, during the years 2009-2011, most refusals of entry at common borders were issued by the Polish border authorities, mainly on the border with Ukraine and Belarus. Moreover, over 50% of all refusals at common borders were issued to the Ukrainian citizens, followed by nationals of other neighboring countries such as the Russian Federation and Belarus.

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Case Study on the Improvement of the Commercial Relations within GUAM (valid for CEFTA also)

Author(s): Viorel Chivriga / Language(s): English

In 2002-2005, in Moldova have been approved a considerable number of normative acts to ex¬pand economic cooperation between Member States of GUAM. From these acts, particularly can be mentioned the Government’s Decision no.178, which specifies 99 activities of the public institutions related to the harmonization of the national legislation with the international standards, the expansion and development of institutional capacities of the Customs Department and Department of Border Guards, selection, training and raising staff qualifications of Customs Department and Department of Border Guards, improve the forms of incentives, implementing anti-corruption policy, combating terrorism, cross-border crime, smuggling, violations of customs rules and illegal migration, border protection of intel¬lectual property, harmonization of procedures related to border guards and customs control and customs clearance procedures, with international standards, implementation of information systems, technologies and communications, ensuring mutual compatibility of transit systems, development of infrastructure and equipment with technical means of control, public relations.Evaluation of the Project on the facilitate trade and transport within GUUAM was to be made later, with the participation of donors financing the implementation of the project.Enforcement measures that require external financing would start from the time of the respective financing.In 2002-2005, in Moldova have been approved a considerable number of normative acts to ex¬pand economic cooperation between Member States of GUAM. From these acts, particularly can be mentioned the Government’s Decision no.178, which specifies 99 activities of the public institutions related to the harmonization of the national legislation with the international standards, the expansion and development of institutional capacities of the Customs Department and Department of Border Guards, selection, training and raising staff qualifications of Customs Department and Department of Border Guards, improve the forms of incentives, implementing anti-corruption policy, combating terrorism, cross-border crime, smuggling, violations of customs rules and illegal migration, border protection of intel¬lectual property, harmonization of procedures related to border guards and customs control and customs clearance procedures, with international standards, implementation of information systems, technologies and communications, ensuring mutual compatibility of transit systems, development of infrastructure and equipment with technical means of control, public relations.Evaluation of the Project on the facilitate trade and transport within GUUAM (Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Azerbaijan, Moldova)was to be made later, with the participation of donors financing the implementation of the project.Enforcement measures that require external financing would start from the time of the respective financing.

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Causes and Effects of the Referenda from UTA Gagauz-Yeri

Author(s): Veaceslav Berbeca / Language(s): English

On February 2nd, 2014, two referenda took place in the Administrative-Territorial Unit Gagauz-Yeri (UTAG Gagauzia) - one of consultative and the other one of “legislative” character. In the first case, the residents of Gagauzia were called to cast their votes over the foreign policy vector of the Republic of Moldova and namely, to say if they are in favour of the country joining the European Union or the Russia- Belorussia- Kazakhstan Customs Union. In the second case, the citizens of the region had to say if they agree that the Gagauz autonomy exercises its right to the external self-determination in case the Republic of Moldova loses its independence.

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Comerţul exterior al RM: scenarii de majorare şi de diversificare a exporturilor

Author(s): Viorel Chivriga / Language(s): Romanian

In 2006-2007, several processes took place, the origin of which is due to both internal and external factors. In 2006, for the first time after the recession of 1998-2001, exports declined in value compared to 2005, which is an unusual case for the foreign trade of the Republic of Moldova in recent years. Their value in 2006 totaled 1051.6 million US dollars, which is a reduction of 39.7 million US dollars or 3.6% compared to 2005. It is true that the evolution of exports was directly influenced by the bans imposed. by the Russian Federation on Moldovan exports of agricultural and alcoholic products. But it is also true that the Moldovan economy has not been able to mitigate the impact of barriers imposed by the Russian Federation on the export of Moldovan consignments of goods, whose tariff positions have clearly dominated the structure of our exports in this market.

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Community of Democracies – Geopolitics of Democracy Institutionalization

Author(s): Ion Tăbârţă / Language(s): English

On July 1, 2011, at the Ministerial Conference of Community of Democracies, held in Vilnius, Republic of Moldova and Tunisia were the core elements of the meeting. The two countries have been mentioned in speeches of all participants, being selected to benefit from the new U.S.-Polish initiative – Partnership of Democracies. This new initiative is intended as a mechanism to support democratic processes and institutional transfer of democracy in societies in transition and democratic consolidation.

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Comparative Analysis of Electricity Prices in the RM and in the Region (Romania, Ukraine)

Author(s): Corina Gaibu / Language(s): English

Energy sector is a strategic field for Republic of Moldova Geopolitical situation in the region, the tension between Ukraine and Russia, impose the acceleration of establishing interconnections with Romania, thus ensuring energy security of Republic of Moldova The contract on electrical energy supply to the RM was negotiated and signed in March. The negotiated price has a major impact on country’s economy and directly affects the whole society. Setting the electricity prices excessively high causes extra pressure on the population’s welfare and the monthly bills people pay; while, high dependency on electricity imports from Ukraine and a single generating facility in Transnistria (Steam Electric Power Station ”Moldoveneasca” owned by RAO UES of the Russian Federation) create an energy security vulnerability. Diversifying electrical energy sources through building a connection with Romania allow attaining an acceptable energy security level.

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Controlul parlamentar şi problemele de echilibrare a raporturilor de putere

Author(s): Ion Creangă,Emilia Furdui,Viorel Furdui / Language(s): Romanian

This paper addresses and analyzes the institution of parliamentary control, as a mechanism of political control of the legislature over the executive power of the state; the paper does not address the specialized control exercised by the Court of Accounts and the ombudsmen, as specialized control institutions formed by the Parliament. In terms of parliamentary control, relevant are the approaches according to which the public policies of the legislature for capitalization or non-capitalization of the important control functions of the Parliament and the problems faced by the deputies in the Parliament are highlighted. The problems to which this study must provide an answer refer to the relations of the Parliament with the Government, to the mechanism of parliamentary control and its impact on the quality of the draft laws presented by the executive, to the organization of law enforcement, to the efficiency of laws, to lack of regulation. or excessive regulation of certain areas, etc.

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Controversies of early parliamentary elections – the political position of the parties and the decisions of the Constitutional Court

Author(s): Ion Tăbârţă / Language(s): English

The victory of November 15, 2020, in the presidential elections of the Republic of Moldova of the main exponent of the opposition, the pro-European Maia Sandu, to the detriment of the leader of the ruling party, the pro-Russian Igor Dodon, anticipated for the political year 2021 a confrontation between the presidency and parliament which is numerically dominated by political forces descending from the oligarchic regime. These predictions came true. The Republic of Moldova has been for over three months in a political-institutional deadlock caused by disputes on the topic of early political elections. This deadlock is fuelled also by the inconveniences of the constitutional norm, which has directly involved the Constitutional Court, to whom the political forces and the presidency often appealed in the process of unblocking the political and institutional processes in the Republic of Moldova.

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Corporate Governance in the Banks in the Republic of Moldova under the Impact of the Basel Committee Regulations

Author(s): Angela Secrieru / Language(s): English

Following the financial crisis started in 2007, in developed countries and at the level of international institutions, consistent efforts are being made to improve corporate governance in banks. Corporate governance (CG) in banks involves the allocation of authority and responsibility, i.e. the way the bank activities and operations are governed by its board and management. The recent adverse events in the banking sector in the Republic of Moldova regarding attempts to change the shareholding structure of banks including hostile takeovers may be partly explained by imperfect mechanisms of CG of the banks in the Republic of Moldova. In this context, is required the development of a consistent concept by the NBM regarding corporate governance in the banks in the Republic of Moldova aligned to BCBS recommendations and bringing banking regulations in compliance with this concept.

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Creşterea Competitivităţii întreprinderilor de pe ambele maluri ale Nistrului

Author(s): Viorel Chiviriga / Language(s): Romanian

Factors at the country level that have repercussions on the competitiveness of the national economy are those that have an impact on the overall cost structure and productivity of the entire economy. These include both the business environment and macroeconomic factors: inflation and the exchange rate. Regarding the factors at the country level, the focus of several policy documents and the Roadmap for improving the competitiveness of the Republic of Moldova are focused on creating a favorable business environment, which includes the following elements: international trade and customs administration; fiscal and administrative policy; the competitive framework; business regulation environment; access to financial resources; infrastructure and logistics; the contract, the implementation of property rights and the quality of the judicial system; environmental protection and sustainable use of natural resources; investor protection; labor market regulation.

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Despre bariere şi stimulente în schimbul comercial dintre Moldova şi Transnistria în condiţiile ZLSAC

Author(s): Tatiana Lariusin / Language(s): Romanian

The creation of a common economic space is preceded by the establishment of a free trade area with the application of a common customs tariff. Moldova and Transnistria participate in regional projects of political, institutional and economic integration that have an opposite vector. Each of the parties shall regulate its relations in the fields of foreign trade and customs in accordance with its own legislation. At the same time, the Republic of Moldova and Transnistria are characterized by small internal market dimensions, limited production factors and insufficient natural resources. These issues impose special requirements on the effectiveness of foreign economic activity and largely determine the general nature of the development of economies on both banks of the Dniester. All these discussions take place in a very difficult regional context. The crisis in Ukraine has generated extensive consultations and various stidoes on the scenarios of the evolution of the situation and the ways of solving the conditions of concurrent integrations in this part of the post-Soviet space. A crucial regional challenge is to avoid "geopolitical ruptures" as well as to create a new platform for cooperation between the Republic of Moldova, Ukraine, the EU and the Russian Federation.

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