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Awakened in Need: Political and Civic Engagement of Bosnia and Herzegovina’s Youth

Author(s): Anela Lemeš,Valida Repovac Nikšić,Edo Kanlić / Language(s): English

The main motivation for this study was the alarming and increasing pace of youth leaving Bosnia and Herzegovina. This study attempts to map the main impediments to youth activism, identified as a fulcrum for improving youth’s outlook for opting to stay in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Numerous previous studies have identified unemployment and lack of opportunities as the key push factors for the massive levels of youth migration. During research it was noted that previous studies and analyses of youth engagement and activism are extensive but mostly quantitative, focusing on large pools of different identities in which the individual experience easily gets lost. For that reason, this study focuses on qualitative analysis, discussing general topics with young people who consider themselves active in order to define the sources of their motivation. The study clearly identifies that the formal systems of education are not preparing youth for active civic and political life, and that civil society organizations are trying to compensate for their shortcomings and inadequacies.

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Budni iz nužde: politički I građanski angažman mladih u Bosni i Hercegovini

Author(s): Anela Lemeš,Valida Repovac Nikšić,Edo Kanlić / Language(s): Bosnian

Glavni motiv za ovu studiju je činjenica da mladi napuštaju Bosnu i Hercegovinu i to alarmantnim i rastućim tempom. Ova studija nastoji pronaći glavne prepreke za aktivizam mladih, koji je identifikovan kao spona za zadržavanje većeg broja mladih u Bosni i Hercegovini. Brojna prethodna istraživanja su identifikovala nezaposlenost i nedostatak prilika kao ključne faktore poticaja za masovnu migraciju mladih. Tokom istraživanja primijećeno je da su prethodne studije i analize o angažmanu i aktivizmu mladih opsežne, ali uglavnom kvantitativne i usredotočene na velike skupove različitih identiteta u kojima se lako gubi svako iskustvo. Zbog toga je ova studija usmjerena na kvalitativnu analizu, raspravljajući o općim temama s mladima koji se smatraju aktivistima kako bi se definisali izvori njihove motivacije. U studiji se jasno navodi da formalni sistemi obrazovanja ne pripremaju mlade za aktivni građanski i politički život u kojem organizacije civilnog društva pokušavaju nadoknaditi njihove nedostatke i slabosti.

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European Voices in the Western Balkans: A Liberal Perspective on Enlargement of the European Union

Author(s): Natan Albahari,Martin Apostolski,Damir Arnaut,Ivan Dragojević,Sanela Klarić,Aris Movsesijan / Language(s): English

A simple glance at a map of Europe is enough to see why a joint European future for all European countries is inevitable and that it would be a logical interest of the European Union do spread its borders across the Western Balkans and further strengthen its position in the region. Still, keeping talks of enlargement alive is getting more and more difficult every year. Even before the pandemic, the opinion that it is necessary to reform the accession criteria before any new enlargement talks should begin has emerged, which has temporarily suspended candidacy talks with Albania and North Macedonia at one point, and almost caused serious backsliding in the latter Western Balkan country. Although the European Union is still mostly engaged in fighting the COVID-19 outbreak, preparing itself for the post-pandemic crises, and trying to make internal reforms in order to tackle existing and possible future problems in member states, talks on enlargement should not halt. And the two priorities – the one on the internal and the one on external strengthening of the European Union – must not be considered mutually exclusive, because they both benefit the geopolitical position of Europe.

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LIBERAL WESTERN BALKANS ON THE MOVE: YOUTH IN LIBERAL POLITICAL PARTIES

Author(s): Adisa Memišević,Anela Lemeš,Valida Repovac Nikšić / Language(s): English

This research focused on liberal parties in the Western Balkans region and their strategies for the advancement and promotion of political participation of the youth, not just within the party but also in their respective countries. The aim of this analysis was to review the current standpoints on youth representation in politics in the liberal political parties of the Western Balkans, to map their roles and strategies for advancement of youth political inclusion, and to raise the visibility of successful regional examples. Political, legal and policy contexts and frameworks in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Serbia and North Macedonia were reviewed and assessed through the analysis of their quota systems, as well as through the overview of current youth representation in the parliaments of WB countries. Previous research indicates that political parties often do not support young politicians’ participation in the processes of political program development, despite having adopted youth programs and policies. The research was conceptualized as a case study of four liberal parties in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Serbia and North Macedonia and their strategies for development and promotion of political participation of the youth within the party, as well as in their respective countries. Comparative analysis was conducted using a mixed methods approach, combining qualitative analysis of primary and secondary data and quantitative analysis of primary data collection to triangulate the information to the extent possible. In order to develop the new regional story, we need this research to examine intra-party democracy in these liberal parties, map their current views on youth and politics and see what types of activities could be introduced and adjusted to the needs of their parties and party systems.

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LIBERALNI ZAPADNI BALKAN U POKRETU: MLADI U LIBERALNIM POLITIČKIM STRANKAMA

Author(s): Adisa Memišević,Anela Lemeš,Valida Repovac Nikšić / Language(s): Bosnian

Fokus ovog istraživanja su liberalne stranke Zapadnog Balkana i njihove strategije za unapređenje i promociju političke participacije mladih, ne samo unutar stranaka, već i u njihovim zemljama. Cilj ove analize bio je sagledati trenutna stajališta o zastupljenosti mladih u politici u liberalnim političkim strankama Zapadnog Balkana, mapirati njihove uloge i strategije za unapređenje političke uključenosti mladih te povećati vidljivost uspješnih primjera iz regije. Politički i pravni konteksti i okviri Bosne i Hercegovine, Crne Gore, Srbije i Sjeverne Makedonije pregledani su kroz analizu njihovih sistema kvota, kao i kroz pregled trenutne zastupljenosti mladih u parlamentima zemalja Zapadnog Balkana. Dosadašnja istraživanja pokazuju da političke stranke često u praksi ne podržavaju učešće mladih političara u procesima izrade političkih programa, iako su usvojile programe i politike za mlade. Istraživanje je koncipirano kao studija slučaja četiri liberalne stranke iz Bosne i Hercegovine, Crne Gore, Srbije i Sjeverne Makedonije i njihovih strategija za razvoj i promociju političke participacije mladih ne samo unutar stranakaveći u njihovim zemljama. Komparativna analiza provedena je korištenjem mješovitih metoda: kombiniranjem kvalitativne analize primarnih i sekundarnih podataka i kvantitativne analize prikupljenih primarnih podataka kako bi se informacije triangulirale u najvećoj mogućoj mjeri. Kako bismo razvili novu regionalnu priču, potrebno nam je istraživanje koje ispituje unutarstranačku demokraciju u tim liberalnim strankama, mapira njihove trenutne poglede na mlade i relevantne politike, te sagledava koje bi se aktivnosti mogle uvesti i prilagoditi potrebama njihovih stranaka i stranačkih sistema.

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MIROVNI POTENCIJAL RELIGIJA I MEĐURELIGIJSKI DIJALOG KAO SREDSTVO ZA UNAPREĐENJE POLITIČKOG DIJALOGA U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI

Author(s): Arijana Aganović,Sarina Bakić,Alen Krstić / Language(s): Bosnian

A publication before you is created with the aim of bringing inter-religious dialogue and the religions’ peace potential closer to youth who are involved in politics in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Looking at the political participation as an activity in which young people usually have a secondary role, through acting in youth forums in their political parties, in election campaigns or through civil society organizations, it appears that young people are involved in political life, however, their ideas and attitudes are not used in the best way, i.e. in decision-making bodies. the Although political participation of youth is a burning issue in our society, this publication will not directly deal with but it, but it will focus on another important topic that is often misused for political purposes - religion, or more precisely inter-religious dialogue and religions' peace potential through the perspective of young people. Religion is often covered as a topic in political life, but in a negative context, using stereotypes and prejudices in order to create an atmosphere of intolerance and gain profit for political purposes. Therefore, with this publication we will try to compensate for the lack of resources on inter-religious dialogue and the peace potential of religions and their importance for the advancement of political dialogue. The publication is intended primarily for young politicians and activists from civil society organizations who deal with issues of political responsibility and political participation. It will serve as a manual for including the peace potential of religions and inter-religious dialogue in the political engagement of youth.

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POLITICAL PARTICIPATION OF WOMEN IN THE LIBERAL PARTIES IN THE WESTERN BALKANS

Author(s): Adisa Memišević,Anela Lemeš,Nejra Vreto,Valida Repovac Nikšić / Language(s): English

This research focuses on liberal parties in the region of Western Balkans and their strategies for advancement and promotion of gender equality, not just within the party but also in their respective countries. The aim of this analysis is to review the current standpoints on equal gender representation in politics in WB liberal political parties, to map their roles and strategies for advancement of gender equality, and to raise the visibility of successful regional examples. Political systems and legislative frameworks in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro and North Macedonia were reviewed and assessed through an in-depth analysis of their quota systems and the roles of the liberal political parties with to gender equality development, as well as the impact of the NGO sector. This research also examines and considers the social aspects of gender inequality in public and in decision-making processes. Previous research indicates that political parties often do not support female politicians’ participation in the processes of political programme development or political affirmation, despite having adopted gender equality policies in place. Research is conceptualised as a case study of three liberal parties in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro and North Macedonia and their strategies for development and promotion of gender equality within the party as well as in their respective countries. Comparative analysis was conducted using a mixed methods approach, combining qualitative analysis of primary and secondary data and quantitative analysis of primary data collection to triangulate the information to the extent possible. In order to develop the new regional story – Regional Initiative 50%– we need this research to examine intra-party democracy in these liberal parties, map their current views on gender equality and see what types of activities could be introduced and adjusted to the needs of their parties and party systems.

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POLITIČKA ZASTUPLJENOST ŽENA U LIBERALNIM STRANKAMA ZAPADNOG BALKANA

Author(s): Adisa Memišević,Anela Lemeš,Nejra Vreto,Valida Repovac Nikšić / Language(s): Bosnian

Fokus ovog istraživanja je na liberalnim strankama regije Zapadnog Balkana i njihovim strategijama za unapređenje i promociju rodne ravnopravnosti ne samo unutar njihovih stranaka, već i u zemljama njihovog djelovanja. Cilj analize je preispitati trenutna stajališta za ravnopravnu zastupljenost spolova u politici u liberalnim političkim strankama Zapadnog Balkana, mapirati uloge i strategije za unapređenje rodne ravnopravnosti u politici, i povećati vidljivost uspješnih primjera iz regije. Analiza političkih sistema i zakonodavnih okvira Bosne i Hercegovine, Crne Gore i Sjeverne Makedonije je također obuhvaćena ovim istraživanjem, kao i analiza sistema kvota i uloge liberalnih političkih stranaka u odnosu na razvoj rodne ravnopravnosti, uz osvrt na uticaj nevladinog sektora. Ovo istraživanje također ispituje i razmatra društveneaspekte rodne nejednakosti u javnosti i u procesima donošenja odluka. Prethodna istraživanja ukazuju na to da političke stranke često ne podržavaju zastupljenost članica u procesima razvoja političkih programa, niti političku afirmaciju bez obzira na usvojene politike rodne ravnopravnosti unutar same stranke. Istraživanje je koncipirano kao studija slučaja tri liberalne stranke Bosne i Hercegovine, Crne Gore i Sjeverne Makedonije i njihovih strategija razvoja i promocije rodne ravnopravnosti unutar samih stranaka, kao i u zemljama u kojima one djeluju. Uporedna analiza provodi se oslanjajući se na pristup mješovitih metoda koji kombinuje kvalitativnu analizu primarnih i sekundarnih podataka, kao i kvantitativnu analizu prikupljanja primarnih podataka radi triangulacije informacija u najvećoj mogućoj mjeri. Kako bismo mogli razviti novu regionalnu priču - Regionalna inicijativa 50%, potrebno nam je ovo istraživanje kako bismo ispitali unutarstranačku demokraciju unutar navedenih liberalnih stranaka i prikazali trenutna stajališta u vezi s rodnom ravnopravnošću, a u svrhu procjene koje bi se vrste aktivnosti mogle uvesti i prilagoditi potrebama samih stranaka i stranačkih sistema za razvoj rodne ravnopravnosti i bolje zastupljenosti žena u politici u budućnosti.

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The Voice of Youth: Responding to challenges in South-East Europe

Author(s): / Language(s): English

Many social problems that are present in the South East Europe (SEE), such as unemployment, low political participation and migration, high brain drain, the highest unemployment rates of youth in Europe and the lowest rates of political participation of young people are particularly visible when it comes to youth, as they are a special social category. All these problems require a systematic approach and thorough analysis which can result in needed change and progress. The “Civic Platform for Young Liberal Activists” (CPLA) is a project organized by European Liberal Forum with the support of the Center Party International Foundation (CIS), Haya van Someren Stichting/VVD Internationaal and Boris Divkovic Foundation. The aim of this project is to provoke interest of youth in political activism, within the broad spectrum of civil society including political parties, NGOs and social movements. Liberal political NGOs of South-East Europe gathered young representatives of liberal political parties with one goal - to raise awareness of youth activism. As a part of the project tasks, teams had to write Opinion Pieces on a chosen topic that is relevant for their county, but also for the region. Due to the restrictions caused by the Covid-19 pandemic, teams did not have the opportunity to meet in person, however, their strong will and joint goals resulted in a publication named “The Voice of Youth”.

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The Western Balkans: A Chance for the EU A Liberal Perspective on the Accession Process

Author(s): Not Specified Author / Language(s): English

Taking a look at the map it is clear that the countries of the Western Balkans (in this paper Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, North Macedonia and Serbia) are a geopolitically crucial part of Europe that is still missing from the European Union. For political, economic and infrastructural reasons, as well as for the European identity that the Union shares with the Western Balkans, it is vital to reanimate the spirit of the accession process in the region and in the European member states. The EU accession process needs adaptations and improvements to provide more clarity, support and realistic perspectives for the aspiring members. The perspective of the Western Balkans states on the further development of the accession process is comparatively under-represented in the day-to-day debate on EU enlargement. Therefore, representatives of five liberal parties who are active in the above-mentioned states have compiled this short paper on their opinion on possible adjustments in the accession process speaking from their own experience as policy makers.

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ZBORNIK RADOVA TREĆE AKADEMIJE POLITIČKE ODGOVORNOSTI

Author(s): Zlatiborka Popov Momčinović,Alen Kristić,Nasiha Pozder,Željko Ivanković,Dino Abazović,Drago Bojić,Sabina Čehajić-Clancy,Vjekoslav Domljan,Sarina Bakić,Ivan Šarčević / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian

Fondacija Boris Divković formirana je u ljeto 2013. godine u Sarajevu. Ideja osnivača je da se kroz rad Fondacije što veći broj mladih ljudi, kako u našoj zemlji tako i u regiji, upozna i uči odgovornoj političkoj teoriji i praksi. Iako Fondacija djeluje na socijalno liberalnim polazištima, odlučilo se ovim obrazovnim procesom obuhvatiti i mlade ljude koji su dijelom različitih organizacija, političkih ili nevladinih, drugačijih ubjeđenja, ali i one koji individualno žele unaprijediti svoja znanja o političkoj kulturi. Pitanje sprege morala i politike bilo je od velike važnosti za našeg kolegu Borisa Divkovića i upravo je jedna od prvih značajnijih aktivnosti Fondacije organizacija Akademije političke odgovornosti u kojoj su učestvovali mladi brojnih političkih orijentacija i profila. U novembru 2016. godine održana je treća Akademija političke odgovornosti, a zbog velikog interesa polaznika u maju ove godine organiziran je i njen drugi modul. Teme su obuhvatile: opšti pojam političke kulture, njen razvoj i važnost, dominantnu paradigmu regionalne političke kulture iz perspektive koncepcije svjetskog etosa, religiju kao podcjenjeno mjesto političke socijalizacije. Razgovarali smo o ekonomiji u području politike, kulturi sjećanja. Također, predstavljeni su globalni politički portreti ličnosti poput Vaclava Havela i Wangari Muta Maathai, te regionalni politički portreti kao što su: Zoran Đinđić, Vlado Gotovac, Bogić Bogićević I Boris Divković. Drugi modul išao je detaljno u političko-ekonomske paradigme sa stajališta svjetskog etosa, religiozne socijalne nauke, itd. Posebna pažnja posvećena je ekološkim temama.

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Publisher: Fondacija Boris Divković