„Labor omnia vincit improbus”. Etos pracy w literaturze i kulturze – wybrane ujęcia
„Labor omnia vincit improbus”. Work Ethos in Literature and Culture – Selected Approaches
Contributor(s): Michał Kuran (Editor), Aleksandra Goszczyńska (Editor)
Subject(s): Language and Literature Studies, Studies of Literature, Polish Literature, Theory of Literature
Published by: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Keywords: literary studies;work ethos;homo sapiens;homo faber;cultural studies;work in literature;work in culture
Summary/Abstract: A reflection on work ethos from the perspective of literary studies is neither the first, nor the last in the history of university humanities. Attempts to define the condition of homo sapiens from the point of view of homo faber are made again and again. The crux of the matter is to break the stereotypes in the perception of the meaning of work and to expose misrepresentations. […]It is worth stressing that the book offers a fresh look at various aspects of the human creative effort. […] The presence and recurrence of work ethos in the cultural tradition stems from the essence of the human condition, human destiny and the structure of human existence. […]The subject of work in literature and culture has been treated by the authors of the publication as a testimony to the specific manner in which humans experience the world. It is all about noticing the ways of infusing aesthetics into various forms of human activity (usually in connection with the underlying reasons and moral assessment).The authors of the individual chapters base their analyses on a similar premise. A concept shared across the book is the understanding of the category of subject as the cornerstone of a painting, literary work or a film. The conclusions are determined by the subject and scope of research. For example, in Michał Sadowski’s contribution, work turns out to be above all a striving to improve living conditions, whereas in her conclusion, Aleksandra Goszczyńska puts in an assessment of political, civilizational and moral differences between the Ottoman Empire and Christian Europe.From the review by prof. dr hab. Tadeusz Błażejewski
Series: Uniwersytet Łódzki
- E-ISBN-13: 978-83-8142-438-7
- Print-ISBN-13: 978-83-8142-437-0
- Page Count: 218
- Publication Year: 2019
- Language: Polish
Etos pracy w literaturze i kulturze — wprowadzenie do tomu studiów
Etos pracy w literaturze i kulturze — wprowadzenie do tomu studiów
(The Ethos of Work in Literature and Culture — an Introduction to the Volume of Studies)
- Author(s):Michał Kuran
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Studies of Literature
- Page Range:7-61
- No. of Pages:55
- Keywords:work in Polish literature;the ethos of work in literature;work in paremiography
- Summary/Abstract:The study presents in the first part various forms of work (from physical to mental) done in the countrywide and in the city, as well as the motivation accompanying it (satisfying hunger and gaining foods ensuring existence), characterizes the term of ethos, especially the work ethos, provides a review of issues related to work in Polish literature from the time of the Enlightenment to the end of the 20th century. The second part of the study presents a review of the proverbs about work and the genesis of the book presented to the reader, preceded by a scientific conference. The part constituting a review of work depictions in Polish literature treats about the employment of people belonging to different groups and social classes (nobles, burghers, clergy, peasantry), the effort of a farmer, a worker working in a factory or at the building site, a craftsman (weaver, carpenter), a driver, an engineer (builder supervising the production process), a wandering lamplighter, a teacher, an artist or a writer. It also concerns slavish labor of prisoners. The study presents literary images of work created under the influence of organic work, the cult of power stemming from Nietzscheanism and the slogans of the reconstruction of the socialist homeland. Writers are accompanied with the idea of presenting the psyche transformation of a man burdened with work. Proverbs show work as a necessity providing food and maintenance and leading to enrichment Chile diligence as a virtue, which is opposed by laziness leading to hunger and poverty. Work according to proverbs is associated with effort and prudence.
- Price: 4.50 €
Praca w literaturze od antyku po koniec XVII wieku — wybrane ujęcia
Praca w literaturze od antyku po koniec XVII wieku — wybrane ujęcia
(Work in Literature from Antiquity to the End of the 17th Century — Selected Approaches)
- Author(s):Michał Kuran
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Studies of Literature
- Page Range:63-97
- No. of Pages:35
- Keywords:work of a slave;work of a landowner;rafter’s work;work of a sailor;miner’s work;creative work
- Summary/Abstract:The purpose of the study is to capture the richness of work forms described in literature from antiquity to the end of the 17th century. The dominant feature is the presentation of a work image in selected Old Polish works. Significant for the deliberations is the division verbalized by Sebastian Fabian Klonowic, who, following the ancient authorities, defined what activities can the nobility deal with and which of them did not belong to its state ethos. The study was divided into three parts. The first presents selected works constituting the state of researches on the issue. Second part presents chosen examples of descriptions and opinions about the topic of work derived from the Bible, mythology and the Classical Literature (especially works od Hesiod, Virgil and Horace). Third part brings closer the images of work portrayed in Polish literature of the Renaissance and the Baroque. Especially there are works connected with a life of nobleman-landowner (landlord), diplomat, peasant and shepherd, slave, soldier, rafter, sailor, miner, steelworker as well as a writer. The study brings closer also chosen examples of theoretical considerations about the topic of work by mainly Renaissance thinkers. The topic of work is present in the Old Polish writings representing various literary forms, as well as literary genres, were created often under the influence of the authority of the ancient literature. Writers once show strict division of performers and activities motivated by their state affiliation, elsewhere the cooperation of the representatives of various states in a realization of common objective. The study also perceives the work of a slave functioning in the Osman Empire in conjunction with the position and difficulty of the serf peasant.
- Price: 4.50 €
Szesnastowieczne spojrzenie na niewolną pracę chrześcijan w Imperium Osmańskim
Szesnastowieczne spojrzenie na niewolną pracę chrześcijan w Imperium Osmańskim
(A 16th Century Look at the Slave Labor of Christians in the Ottoman Empire)
- Author(s):Aleksandra Goszczyńska
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Studies of Literature, Turkish Literature
- Page Range:99-114
- No. of Pages:16
- Keywords:slave labor;Turkish captivity;Bartholomaeo Georgius;The dispute with a Turk over the Christian faith;Christians;anti-Turkish literature
- Summary/Abstract:An image of Christians’ slave labor in the Ottoman Empire, presented in the 16th century translation of the Latin turcica entitled Rozmowa z Turczynem o wierze krześcijańskiej… (The dispute with a Turk over the Christian faith…) by Bartłomiej Georgiewicz is probably the first in the Old Polish literature extensive description of the Turkish captivity aspect. This article analyzes Georgiewicz’s description and emphasizes its realism. It is also an attempt to defend the author against the accusation of stereotyping, raised against his writing in some contemporary Polish studies.
- Price: 4.50 €
O ciężkiej pracy w drodze do celu. Elementy warsztatu reportera Mikołaja Krzysztofa Radziwiłła Sierotki oraz Ryszarda Kapuścińskiego — „cesarza reportażu”
O ciężkiej pracy w drodze do celu. Elementy warsztatu reportera Mikołaja Krzysztofa Radziwiłła Sierotki oraz Ryszarda Kapuścińskiego — „cesarza reportażu”
(On Working Hard to Reach the Goal — Workshop Devoted to Mikołaj Krzysztof Radziwiłł Sierotka and Ryszard Kapuściński — “the emperor of reportage”)
- Author(s):Katarzyna Ossowska-Kulińska
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Studies of Literature, Polish Literature
- Page Range:115-125
- No. of Pages:11
- Keywords:reportage;pilgrimage;account
- Summary/Abstract:Perygrynacja do Ziemi Swiętej, Syrii i Egiptu written by Mikolaj Krzysztof Radziwiłł also known as Orphan is one of the most famous and commonly reviewed from the collection of the Old Polish pilgrimages. His vivid description of pilgrimage appeals to contemporary reader. While describing the itinerary of pilgrimage, he was focused on contemporary issues e.g. social interactions, economy or surrounding nature which was an innovative approach. Orphan managed to collect information not only about the Holy Land but also about local residents and their customs while following the route described by Guidem from Jerusalem. Artefact created by Orphan can be associated with work of contemporary journalists. Is it then possibile to say that Orphan has made the work on the level of journalist research? Are there any fragments of pilgrimage that can be compared to 20th century journalists reports? To find the answers to the questions above I presented the Radziwił’s description of space depicted in Ryszard Kapuscinski’s reporting style.
- Price: 4.50 €
Praca w kopalni soli na początku XVII wieku według poematu Muza gór wielickich Andrzeja Loeaechiusa
Praca w kopalni soli na początku XVII wieku według poematu Muza gór wielickich Andrzeja Loeaechiusa
(Job in a Salt Mine At the Begging of 17th Century according to the Poem Muza gór wielickich by Andrzej Loeaechius)
- Author(s):Paulina Poterała
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Studies of Literature, Polish Literature
- Page Range:128-132
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:work;Loeaechius Andrzej;salt mine;Wieliczka
- Summary/Abstract:The article is devoted to Andrzej Loeaechius’s Muza gor wielickich created in 1608, in which is reported a travel to Wieliczka. The author focuses on the salt mine and its realistic portrayal — its aspects, prevailing conditions and miners’ work. Moreover, the article discusses the issue of the poem’s authorship, construction as well as the analysis and the interpretation of the text.
- Price: 4.50 €
Józef Morelowski jako dydaktyk, perfekcjonista i literat cyzelator
Józef Morelowski jako dydaktyk, perfekcjonista i literat cyzelator
(Joseph Morelowski as an Educator and a Perfectionist Writer)
- Author(s):Magdalena Górowska
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Studies of Literature, Belarussian Literature
- Page Range:135-149
- No. of Pages:15
- Keywords:Morelowski Józef;poetic work;education;Belarussian Jesuits;Polish Enlightenment;Polotsk
- Summary/Abstract:The purpose of the article is to present the poetic activity of Joseph Morelowski and his career path as a hardworking educator and student of the Jesuits in Polotsk. Morelowski devoted his life to teaching at Jesuit colleges, the Academy of Polotsk, as well as in the schools in Galicia. He was known as an educator of the youth, a professor of Rhetoric and Poetics, teacher of languages: Russian and French. The testimony of his efforts as the youth educator, the cleanliness of the Polish language and survival of mother tongue at the Time of Partition can be found in his literary work. Daily job as educator and attention to his own poetic work and certainly religious duties were associated with the need to impose him much of discipline. Despite the immensity of work for Morelowski the great importance was the pursuit of excellence in the art of poetry. A large part of his literary works was dedicated to reflection on the writer’s work. Some remarks are also devoted to places of work and rest of the Jesuit because there can also be found poetic ‘documentation’ forms of recreation in his poetry.
- Price: 4.50 €
„Bierzcie więc przykład ze mnie, bierzcie otuchę z mej pracy”
„Bierzcie więc przykład ze mnie, bierzcie otuchę z mej pracy”
(„So Follow My Example, be Heartened by My Work...”)
- Author(s):Kłak-Ambrożkiewicz Marta
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Visual Arts
- Page Range:151-160
- No. of Pages:10
- Keywords:Matejko;artist;painter;religion;patriotism
- Summary/Abstract:Words addressed to the students of Cracow Fine Arts School in 1883 by the artist became an inspiration to raise a subject of work ethos in the life of Jan Matejko. Matejko, the most eminent Polish historical painter thanks to his talent and knowledge about the reality of epochs which he portrayed, captured historical imagination of the Poles determining the artistic shape of our history. Matejko is the author of more than three hundred twenty oil paintings, several thousand drawing sketches, a couple of hundred projects of the polychrome, stained glass, altars and statues. He was a „Titan”, not only artist. His paintings received the most prestigious awards. Also honorary memberships of the European artistic associations were bestowed on him. In 1873 Matejko took the management of Cracow Fine Arts School, he was in charge of it for 20 next years. He also succeeded in the field of saving the Cracow historical treasure and managing the organization of the National Museum in Cracow. His active life, not only artistic, aroused interest among researchers. Matejko’s attitude to the creative work and his talent, his seeking motivation for the work, sources of the inspiration and the influence of his outlook on the world will be depicted in the light of letter-writing and memoirs sources.
- Price: 4.50 €
Motyw pracy jako główne źródło przedstawień malarskich w realizmie społecznym II połowy XIX wieku
Motyw pracy jako główne źródło przedstawień malarskich w realizmie społecznym II połowy XIX wieku
(„Theme of Work” as the Main Source of Painting Topics in Social Realism in the Second Half of the 19th Century)
- Author(s):Anna Frankowska
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Visual Arts
- Page Range:161-168
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:Realism;Franciszek Kostrzewski;Henryk Pilatti;Józef Szermentowski;Aleksander Gierymski;motive of work;Polish painting
- Summary/Abstract:This article presents motive of work in Polish painting after 1850 when Social Realism was one of the most important styles in art. It presents daily life of poor people particularly at work: craftsmen, merchants, tradeswomen. They are painted as concerned, exhausted and unhappy. Choosing this type of topics by painters was their reaction for political situation in our country. In that period of time, Poland was after the fall of the January Uprising. People rejected romantic model and started to head towards the vision of positivism. Work started to play an important role in the reconstruction of the country. It was believed that thanks to hard work, cooperation of social strata and support for the poorest people it would be possible to regain independence. Motive of work was used very often by famous Polish artists such as Franciszek Kostrzewski, Henryk Pilatti, Aleksander Gierymski and Jozef Szermentowski. By their paintings they appealed to the ruling elite so that it would appreciate the hard work made by lower classes and together try to fight for the freedom of Poland. In this article I present and describe several paintings of Social Realism and focus on the motive of work in the context of the historical background.
- Price: 4.50 €
Praca jako źródło szczęścia w Błogosławieństwie ziemi Knuta Hamsuna Moralizatorstwo i dydaktyzm powieści
Praca jako źródło szczęścia w Błogosławieństwie ziemi Knuta Hamsuna Moralizatorstwo i dydaktyzm powieści
(Work as a Source of Happiness in Growth of The Soil by Knut Hamsun)
- Author(s):Michał Sadowski
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Studies of Literature
- Page Range:169-178
- No. of Pages:10
- Keywords:Knut Hamsun;Growth of the Soil;Norwegian new realism;stream of consciousness
- Summary/Abstract:Growth of the Soil — a book wrote by Knut Hamsun in 1917 is a novel from Norwegian New Realism, glorifying rural life in harmony with nature and praising work as one of the most import ant occupations of man. This is a novel of two cultures, former represented by Izak — a main hero, and the new symbolized by the robbery exploitation of mountainous mineral deposits and the mesmerizing innovations of the traditional rural community, which ends with the triumph of the former. Eternal human instincts and hundreds of years of proven solutions win with the new usurpations and trends. Hamsun seems to say that, despite the fact that the decay factor seems to be overwhelming, power, stubbornness and fidelity with a much longer pedigree of value are capable of making the instantaneous modern ethos victory turn soon into its spectacular defeat.
- Price: 4.50 €
Terapia, splendor, sens bytu — praca w życiu Jana Lechonia
Terapia, splendor, sens bytu — praca w życiu Jana Lechonia
(Therapy, Splendor, Meaning of Existence — Work in Jan Lechoń’s Life)
- Author(s):Monika Urbańska
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Studies of Literature, Polish Literature
- Page Range:179-189
- No. of Pages:11
- Keywords:Jan Lechoń;emigration;poetry of XXth century;autotheraphy;writer’s block
- Summary/Abstract:Jan Lechoń has not been saved due to the impressive literary production, but in the period marked by creative block he worked on other projects related to the promotion of Polish culture in the country and abroad. In his student years Lechoń was a member of several circles and societies, he was the author of great volumes of poetry as well (Karmazynowy poemat, Srebrne i czarne). He was also the author of a collection of satires Rzeczpospolita babińska and co-founder of the poet’s cafe ,,Pod Pikadorem”. In the 1930s, in Paris, as Polish culture attache, he organized many events promoting Polish literature and culture. In the period of exile in New York, ongoing the last fifteen years of his life, Lechoń returned to writing, devastated by the news from the ruined (as a result of military operations) homeland. This resulted in four volumes of poetry. In New York, as earlier in Warsaw and Paris, he acted in the cultural life, organized or co-founded several ventures, including poetry readings, anniversary, broadcasts on Radio Free Europe. He has no family and no true home, so work become the meaning of his life. Work was a way to combat depression and neurasthenia, it was also a way to deserve ,,a good necrology” and fulfill the ambition of admiration in the eyes of other people. Especially the next generation.
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Praca i emocje w Notatkach o skandalu Richarda Eyrego
Praca i emocje w Notatkach o skandalu Richarda Eyrego
(Work and emotions in Notes on a scandal by Richard Eyre)
- Author(s):Łukasz Wróblewski
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Film / Cinema / Cinematography
- Page Range:191-199
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:work;emotions;„emotional labor”;loneliness;school
- Summary/Abstract:The purpose of this article is to present the connection between work and emotions in Notes on a Scandal directed by Richard Eyre. The author proves that emotions are determined by our work. In the author’s opinion protagonists’ work influence on their private life, forcing them to reproduce negative emotional patterns in contacts with relatives. Based on Arlie Hochschild’s conception of emotional labor, the author explains, how people control their emotions to avoid the need to make changes.
- Price: 4.50 €