Nazwy terenowe i miejscowe w przestrzeni fizycznej
Geographical names in physical space
Contributor(s): Artur Gałkowski (Editor), Renata Gliwa (Editor)
Subject(s): Language and Literature Studies, Theoretical Linguistics
Published by: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Keywords: linguistics; geographical names; place names; macrotoponyms; microtoponyms; littoral names; pelagic names
Summary/Abstract: The volume Geographical names in physical space is the third part of the scientific project Nomina loci, elaborated in the onomastic center of the University of Łódź on the basis of discussions during the 18th International and Polish Onomastic Conference “Microtoponymy and macrotoponymy”. The first volume was published in 2024 under the name Microtoponymy and macrotoponymy. Preliminary problems. The book presents general and theoretical issues concerning the geonymy in its oico- and anoiconymic dimension. The second one Microtoponyms and macrotoponyms in communication and literature appeared in 2025 and was dedicated to reflection on the functioning of micro- and macrotoponyms in various communication plants, and to literary onomastics (here can be found the analysis of toponyms in formal terms, pragmatic and cultural, as well as their reference to the sphere of media and literary communication).The monograph Geographical names in physical space continues reflections on the toponymy, with particular focusing on the functioning of micro- and macrotoponymic units (place and terrain names) in a wider meaning physical space. This space consists of the natural landscape, the terrain, the hydrography, which are connected with specific regions and topographical objects, as well as forms that constitute the structure of towns and villages.
Series: Uniwersytet Łódzki
- E-ISBN-13: 978-83-8088-242-3
- Print-ISBN-13: 978-83-8088-241-6
- Page Count: 334
- Publication Year: 2016
- Language: Polish
Wprowadzenie
Wprowadzenie
(Introduction)
- Author(s):Artur Gałkowski, Renata Gliwa
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Theoretical Linguistics
- Page Range:9-11
- No. of Pages:2
O pochodzeniu nazwy Polski
O pochodzeniu nazwy Polski
(About the etymology of the name Polska)
- Author(s):Witold Mańczak
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Theoretical Linguistics
- Page Range:13-17
- No. of Pages:5
- Keywords:Polska; choronym; toponymy; etymology
- Summary/Abstract:The text presents an opinion in the discussion on the etymology of the choronym Polska / Polonia. The author argues with Przemysław Urbańczyk, who claims that the name of Polons and Polonia has no connection with the tribe of Polans. On the contrary the opinion presented in the article maintains the historical truth according to which the Polans, whose name was mentioned, spread in the larger territory than the region inhabited originally by them. The author cites other similar examples in the history of tribes, nations and the formation of their denominative identity.
Replicazioni toponimiche nello spazio geografico e nello spazio linguistico
Replicazioni toponimiche nello spazio geografico e nello spazio linguistico
(Toponymic replications in geographical and linguistic space)
- Author(s):Enzo Caffarelli
- Language:Italian
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Theoretical Linguistics
- Page Range:19-33
- No. of Pages:15
- Keywords:chrematonym; geographical space; lexicalization; linguistic space; toponym; toponymic replication; transonymization
- Summary/Abstract:The place names, whatever they refer to, the nature, the history, the settlement size of the referent, often do not stop to designate a single entity, but travel through time and space and that space can have a dual nature: geographical and linguistic. The place name in the geographical space moves through the duplication process and, not frequently, multiple replication, related to the migration of peoples, geomorphological and environmental issues or human settlement, commemorations and tributes, economic and touristic reasons. Instead it moves in linguistic space through two typical and often interconnected processes: lexicalization (from the proper name to the common name) with the subsequent rinomination (from the common name to the proper name) and transonimization (from a proper name to another proper name belonging to another type of onyms). This paper presents examples of Italian macro- and microtoponyms which moved in the geographic space and / or in the linguistic one both in Italy and in Italian language, and, above all, in other languages, nations and continents.
Роль макро- і мікротопонімів у розв’язанні проблеми прабатьківщини слов’ян
Роль макро- і мікротопонімів у розв’язанні проблеми прабатьківщини слов’ян
(The role of macro- and microtoponyms in problems solving of the ancestral homeland of the Slavs)
- Author(s):Василь Лучик
- Language:Ukrainian
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Theoretical Linguistics
- Page Range:35-40
- No. of Pages:6
- Keywords:Great Slavic language; Great Slavic fatherland; etymology; origin; toponyms; microtoponyms; autochthonic
- Summary/Abstract:Ancient macro- and microtoponyms play an important role in the establishment of the fatherland of the Slavs. Thus the entire complex of extra-linguistic and endo-linguistic factors must be taken into consideration in the process of searching the antique cradle of the Great Slavs as an ethnos.
Geografia nazw patronimicznych na -ice a granice etniczne
Geografia nazw patronimicznych na -ice a granice etniczne
(Geographic location of the patronymic toponyms ending in -ice and ethnic boundaries)
- Author(s):Anna Czapla
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Theoretical Linguistics
- Page Range:41-48
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:patronymic toponyms; Polish-Ruthenian borderlands
- Summary/Abstract:The patronymic toponyms ending in -ice are the most productive in the Polish regions of Małopolska (Little Poland), Śląsk (Silesia) and Wielkopolska (Great Poland). These formations are relatively infrequent in the other two regions: Mazowsze (Mazovia) and Pomorze (Pomerania). The toponyms in question are not an exclusively Polish onomastic phenomenon. They are to be easily found in the other Slavic territories: in Czech Republic, Moravia, the countries of former Yugoslavia and in the Germanized west Lechitic and Lusatian territories. They are rather infrequent in the Ukraine and in some parts of Belarus. Do all these facts allow to make a general conclusion concerning the tribal borderline between the East and West Slavic zones? The facts we analyse have been used to defend the radical opnion taken by J. Nalepa, who claims of the originally Polish nature of the broadly understood region of Przemyśl, or by O. A. Kupczyński, who claims that the East- West Slavic tribal borderline ran along the rivers Wisłok, lower San, Wieprz and Bug. W. Makarski claims that the fact of the geographical distribution of toponyms in -ice cannot decidedly answer the question about the tribal borderline, since genetically, the nature of the -ice formations is identical in all the regions, and an attempt to situate this onomastic problem in the tribal era raises serious objections. The distributional analysis of the patronymic toponyms in -ice in contemporary Poland and those in the territories of former Polish states reveals a close relationship between the accumulation of these toponyms with land quality, which is an obvious fact. One can observe a gradual decrease in the number of the -ice formations when moving from the West to the East of Poland. Exceptional in this respect is their relative accumulation in the South-Eastern Poland. They are frequent in the districts of Przemyśl, Jarosław, Moscice, Gródek Jagielloński, Stary Sambor, Sambor and Drohobycz, but they are not well represented in the districts of Łańcut or Rzeszów. Very few -ice toponyms are to be found in the region of Sanok, neighbouring the region of Przemyśl. All these facts make it hardly tenable to put forward any claims concerning ethnic borderlines. All that can be observed is the lack of link between the toponyms under analysis and the corresponding ones from the Little Poland.
Podstawa woda w antroponimii polskiej
Podstawa woda w antroponimii polskiej
(The root word woda ‘water’ in Polish anthroponomy)
- Author(s):Edward Breza
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Theoretical Linguistics
- Page Range:49-57
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:onomastics; anthroponymy; forename; surname
- Summary/Abstract:The author studies Polish and (as far as the sources were available) Indo–European forenames and surnames that are derived from the root word woda ‘water’: among the forenames the author has found only the Latin nickname (cognomen) Aquensis, derivate of an adjective aquensis, -is, -e ‘connected with water’: aqua, -ae ‘water’. Contemporary Polish surnames derived from the root word woda ‘water’ have been written out from Słownik nazwisk współcześnie w Polsce używanych [The Dictionary of Surnames Contemporarily Used in Poland], vol. I–X published by Kazimierz Rymut (Kraków 1992–1994) and from Middle Polish period (16th–18th century) from regional surname studies by different authors. In Pomeranian region in Old Polish period (until the end of 15th century) none of the surnames of interest were confirmed, there were also few in Middle Polish period. Relatively many surnames are derived from Upper German noun Wasser and its Lower German equivalent Wader or Water. The written out surnames are presented in derivation lines such as: Woda > Wodak > Wodacki. In the study there are: 1) surnames with double motivation, e.g. Wodan from the name of the main German god or from common noun Woda with suffix -an; 2) compound word e.g. Koliwoda, Paliwoda, Woziwoda, that may be derived from old common nouns (appellatives) paliwoda ‘a very reckless man, a madcap’, woziwoda ‘someone who supplied water to the residents’.
O niektorých praslovanských základoch hydronym z juhozápadného Slovenska (Malý Dunaj a Dudváh)
O niektorých praslovanských základoch hydronym z juhozápadného Slovenska (Malý Dunaj a Dudváh)
(The foundations of some of the Slavic hydronyms of Southwestern Slovakia)
- Author(s):Juraj Hladký
- Language:Slovak
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Theoretical Linguistics
- Page Range:59-68
- No. of Pages:10
- Keywords:hydronimical fund; onymical and lexical comparison; Žitný ostrov (Rye Island); Small Danube
- Summary/Abstract:Refering to the oldest hydronymia from Southwestern Slovakia which is the oldest Slavic state, we provide the examples of the old Slavic lexical layer fund. These appellative vocabulary is undifferentiated (or only minimally differentiated) in Slovak dialects, but also in the Slavic languages. In earlier documents and hydronymical material we also find the old petrified vocabulary that could gradually change its original semantic structure in the Slavic languages (or in Slovak language). There are also the examples of the elements of appellative vocabulary. In the process of development of Slavic base these linguistic units could gradually pass and become a part of the vocabulary of the so called edge of the language; they could lose or modify its phonetic form. The author analyzes the proper names from Žitný ostrov (Rye Island) (between the Danube River and the Little Danube), which is considered Slovakia–Hungary, and from the immediate surroundings. Preliminary analysis shows that the names of the rivers in this area are of domestic (Slovak) origin, the historically younger names of marshes and wetlands are instead of Hungarian origin.
Ešte zopár poznámok k výkladom niektorých hydroným z povodia slovenských ľavostranných prítokov Moravy
Ešte zopár poznámok k výkladom niektorých hydroným z povodia slovenských ľavostranných prítokov Moravy
(A few more notes to the interpretation of some hydronyms from the river basin of Slovak left tributaries of the river Morava)
- Author(s):Andrej Závodný
- Language:Slovak
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Theoretical Linguistics
- Page Range:69-77
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:appellativum; hydronym; motivation; name of settlement; creek; river
- Summary/Abstract:In our paper we added motivations of some of the oldest names of rivers or creeks. The oldest hydronyms in the river basin of the Slovak left-sided tributary of Morava are from 13th century. Most of them are of old Slovak (Slavic) origin, but in addition to local people some such as other ethnic groups Germans, Hungarians and Croats began to settle there, which it had affected some toponymics of this region.
Banícka a hutnícka tradícia na Spiši a jej reflexia v hydronymách povodia Hornádu
Banícka a hutnícka tradícia na Spiši a jej reflexia v hydronymách povodia Hornádu
(Mining and metallurgical tradition in the Spis region and its reflection in the hydronymia of the Hornád River basin)
- Author(s):Andrea Goótšová
- Language:Slovak
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Theoretical Linguistics
- Page Range:79-86
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:mining; metallurgy; Spis region; hydronyms; motivation
- Summary/Abstract:The paper draws attention to an attempt to clarify a long-lasting tradition of mining and metallurgy in the Spis region. Taking into account the arrival of German miners and metallurgists and the background of a historical development, the names of water streams in the Smolnik and Hnilec valley are being described. The professional terminology related to their activities which left its impact on hydronyms have become the subject of our analysis.
Príspevok k apelatívnemu základu slovenskej hydronymie v povodí Torysy
Príspevok k apelatívnemu základu slovenskej hydronymie v povodí Torysy
(Contribution to the appellative bases of Slovak hydronyms of the basin of Torysa)
- Author(s):Alexandra Chomová
- Language:Slovak
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Theoretical Linguistics
- Page Range:87-97
- No. of Pages:13
- Keywords:hydronym; Torysa; Hydronymia Slovaciae; motivation; appellative base
- Summary/Abstract:The paper is a partial study which refers to the processing of Slovak hydronymy within the Hydronymia Slovaciae project in mapping the names of water courses in the Eastern Slovakia. The research is carried out within the project Synchronic-diachronic aspects of the Hornad basin hydronymy (VEGA 1/0359/12). This article deals primarily with extralinguistic aspects of selected hydronyms. We selectively focus on the oldest documented hydronyms which are assumed to motivate other toponyms (for example settlements names). The contribution is based on an initial analysis of particular names, the evidence is acquired by extracts from maps and studies of materials relating mainly to the earliest, documented hydronyms from the Torysa basin. The Torysa is an important and the longest tributary river in the Hornád river basin. Its length is 129 kilometres. The oldest traces of settlement in the northern part of the Šariš stool are connected with this river. The aim of the article is to describe hydronyms which are motivated by the appellative base with the focus on the most common motivation – type of vegetation, landform and human activity associated with settlement (mainly inaccessible places). It also adds some comments on the influence of the Hungarian language, which allowed conserving some original speech sounds known in the oldest periods of Slovak language – for example the nasal consonant, the consonant g. These partial results of research in the study of the Torysa basin in Eastern Slovakia enrich the existing research and they also give opportunity to compare the appellative bases of names with the current findings of other Slovak outputs in the area of the hydronymia of Slovakia.
Slovensko-nemecké vzťahy v západoslovenskej hydronymii
Slovensko-nemecké vzťahy v západoslovenskej hydronymii
(Slovak and German connections in the hydronyms of Western Slovakia)
- Author(s):Mária Beláková
- Language:Slovak
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Theoretical Linguistics
- Page Range:101-105
- No. of Pages:5
- Keywords:the German colonization; hydronyms of the western area of Slovakia; Bavarian language
- Summary/Abstract:Our study deals with the hydronyms in the western region of Slovakia. These proper names petrify some very interesting elements of German lexicon, specifically the language of Bavarian settlers in the 12th to the 15th centuries. We studied this specific feature in the area of Malé Karpaty, near the big watercourses Myjava, Stoličný potok, Blatina, Gidra etc. The most amazing names are those which contain the roots -štún (-štán), -pach (-poch), -perg (-perek, -perk). Some of hydronyms remain unchanged, like Bei den Sicken Linde (the name has only its German form), the others were translated or deformed, for example Holombecká dolina (from Hohlen Weg) or Sebrecký potok (from Sehr Berg).
Litoralonimy i pelagialonimy w strefie Jeziora Szczutowskiego i Urszulewskiego
Litoralonimy i pelagialonimy w strefie Jeziora Szczutowskiego i Urszulewskiego
(Litoralonyms and pelagialonyms in the area of Lakes Szczutowskie and Urszulewskie)
- Author(s):Artur Gałkowski
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Theoretical Linguistics
- Page Range:107-121
- No. of Pages:15
- Keywords:litoralonyms; pelaghialonyms; microtoponymy; Lake Szczutowskie; Lake Urszulewskie
- Summary/Abstract:The paper presents the results of research on microtoponymy expressed by litoralonyms and pelaghialonyms of two neighboring lakes in the Dobrzyńskie Lake District (Eastern extremity of Dobrzyń nad Wisłą Land): Lakes Szczutowskie and Urszulewskie. Litoralonyms (L) are defined as names of inhabited or uninhabited points and area of the waterfront; pelaghialonyms (P) instead are names of lake fishing depths or areas on the surface of the water, recognized and used by local communities. The names of the L- and P-type meet in many cases, features interchangeable or joint in their function. They are motivated by topography, forms of the surrounding landscape and the natural state of the lake, but especially by a large extent of the human factor, i.e. anthroponyms associated with building plots along the shoreline, and the names of the components of rural infrastructure.
Северно-причерноморский ареал микро- и макротопонимии позднего праславянского языкового состояния
Северно-причерноморский ареал микро- и макротопонимии позднего праславянского языкового состояния
(North-pontic area of micro- & macro- place-names of the late common Slavonic language)
- Author(s):Александр Шапошников
- Language:Russian
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Theoretical Linguistics
- Page Range:123-135
- No. of Pages:13
- Keywords:North Black Sea region; late Common Slavonic dialects; archaic; endemic place names; etymology; semantics
- Summary/Abstract:Approximately in the 1st quarter of the I millennium AD the uttermost south-east area of Common Slavonic place names appear on North Azov shores and Don basin, and it contains that endemic hydronymy till today, despite the constant desertions, migrations, and settlement of different ethnic groups there. This region attracted attention of numerous home historians and philologists in XIX–XX centuries. That made possible to survey the greater part of archaic place names. Etymology, semantic evolution, correlation to real objects are reported in this article, as well as probable creators are detected for such micro- and macro- place and river names: Balta(chokrak), Berda, K(oƒsa) Berdinskaia, Britay, Britan’, Bug(a), Bulzyiab, Vitava, Βουλνηπράχ, Vir’, Vyr’, Βερούτζη, Dnieper, Dniester, Dunay, Idolga, Izlegoscha, Wielikoi, Maloi Ilanczik, Ilovay, Ilovl’a, Kaver’a, Kalitva, Kalitvina, Kalk[a], Kal’, Kalchik, coneſtāxe / conoſtaxi, copa, Kopyl, Lutik, Lugan’, Medveditza, Medobory, Metcha, Ναπρεζη̃, Nemyia, Nepr’adva, (Ν)Εσσουπη̃, Netecha, Νεασήτ, Obitok, Oleshie, Olschowat(ka), Opuk, Οστροβουνιπράχ, Paroy, Poroy, Plota / Polta, Protoch, Psiol, Ptan’, Rogan’, Saltov(ka), Seversky, Svidov(ka), Svidovat( aya), Svinoryi(ka), Σέρετος, Στρούκουν, Sųpoy, Ta(r)ganrog, Taųza, Tiveretz, Tim, Toloty, Tor, Toretz, Tuzha, Τουργανήρχ, Ųza, Ųtecha, Khortitza, Τζαρβαγάνιν, Cheremosh, Chertoroy, Chir.
Штрихи до наддністрянської оронімії
Штрихи до наддністрянської оронімії
(Features of upper Dniester oronymy)
- Author(s):Любов Осташ
- Language:Ukrainian
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Theoretical Linguistics
- Page Range:137-143
- No. of Pages:7
- Keywords:proper name; oronym; microtoponym; Upper Dniester dialect
- Summary/Abstract:The village of Stryhantsi of Tysmenytsya District, Ivano-Frankivsk Region is located 30 km northeast of regional centre – city of Ivano-Frankivsk. It is considered to be founded in 1624. The village was mentioned on the map of the French engineer-cartographer Le Vasseur de Beauplan since 1650. Its basic part is located in a wide valley of the right bank of Dniester, 2–3 km of the very river. Local oro-objects are actively included into economic activity of people. Peculiarity of geographical location of the village and agricultural areas lies in the fact that part of them is located in the valley of Dniester, and the other part is located on tops of surrounding mountains which form a single plateau within a certain distance of the village that stretches to the east of the village towards Dniester. Therefore, both generalizing names (Na Hori, Na Dolyni) and specific names as to each separate mountain (na Stintsi, na Serednyomu Horbi, na Hirtsi, nad Zbochem) are used in colloquial speech. Modern oronymy of the village of Stryhantsi and its surroundings (in the language of Stryhantsi residents) is based on folk geographical lexis. Mountains surrounding the village and at the foot of which it is partially located have proper names formed in lexico-semantic way from appellatives which function either in Ukrainian literary language or in dialect speech: Hirka, Zbich, Seredniy Horb, Stinka, Skala. There are no proper names of foreign origin in oronymy of the village of Stryhantsi. Modern oronymy of the village of Stryhantsi and its surroundings is based on folk geographical lexicon. Mountains surrounding the village have their proper names created in lexico-semantic way from appellatives that function either in Ukrainian literary language or in Ukrainian dialect speech: Hirka, Zbich, Seredniy Horb, Skala, Stinka.
Асаблівасці дыялектных назваў населеных пунктаў Сакольскага павета (па матэрыялах да Слоўніка геаграфічных назваў поўночна-ўсходняй Польшчы)
Асаблівасці дыялектных назваў населеных пунктаў Сакольскага павета (па матэрыялах да Слоўніка геаграфічных назваў поўночна-ўсходняй Польшчы)
(Features of dialect place names of Sokolka (materials for the Dictionary geographical names of North-Eastern Poland))
- Author(s):Volha Tratsiak
- Language:Belarusian
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Theoretical Linguistics
- Page Range:145-155
- No. of Pages:11
- Keywords:oyconyms; dialectal place names; Sokolka dialect; the Polish-Belarusian borderland
- Summary/Abstract:In the article there are 222 place names of Sokolka district registered in dialectal variants. The material used for the study constituted survey manuscripts made for The Dictionary Of North- Eastern Poland Place Names, which were collected by a team of philologists, leaded by Professor Antonina Obrebska-Jablonska, arranged by the Commission of Determining the Place and Object Names at the Office of the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Poland in 1961–1970. Dialectal forms of oyconyms analysis was carried out on three levels: structural, phonetic and formative. The study shows that the dialectical variants of place names of the Sokolka district, registered in source materials, were used by the inhabitants of the test area, in spoken variants maintaining phonetic and morphological characteristics typical for the dialect of the test area. Particular impact on dialect variants of names had Belarusian language and its dialects. These influences were primarily observed at the level of phonetics: variable accent, vowel reduction, a diphtong like pronunciation of certain vowels et al. However, at the formative level, the big influence on the construction of oyconyms models had also other East Slavic languages.
Ойконіми Надвеликолужжя
Ойконіми Надвеликолужжя
(The oiconymy of the Nadvelikoluzhzhya region)
- Author(s):Iрина Ільченко
- Language:Ukrainian
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Theoretical Linguistics
- Page Range:157-165
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:appellative; hydronym; oiconym; compo; toponym
- Summary/Abstract:The article analyzes a lexical and semantic method of creation of oiconyms of Nadvelikoluzhzhya region. The structural classes of primary oyconyms are selected and presented according to their type, the routine dynamics of their development in reference to the naming of settlements.
Дијалектолошката перспектива на микротопонимијата претставена преку материјал од Крушевскиот регион (во Република Македонија)
Дијалектолошката перспектива на микротопонимијата претставена преку материјал од Крушевскиот регион (во Република Македонија)
(Dialectologycal perspective of the microtoponymy represented through the corpus of Kruszevo region (in the Republic of Macedonia))
- Author(s):Мери Момировска
- Language:Macedonian
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Theoretical Linguistics
- Page Range:167-174
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:toponyms; regional microtoponyms; Macedonian; dialect; translation
- Summary/Abstract:Main topic of this article is the link between dialectology and local microtoponymy. Microtoponyms are unofficial forms that are not recorded in administrative documents. They have only limited use in local comunities. So they reflect dilectal features of vernacular. The toponyms from Krushevo region contain all features of Krushevo dialect, as: the phonetic, phnological, morphological, lexical and the sintactical one.
Tendence ve vývoji pomístních jmen na území obce Otročiněves (s přihlédnutím ke komunikační variabilitě těchto jmen)
Tendence ve vývoji pomístních jmen na území obce Otročiněves (s přihlédnutím ke komunikační variabilitě těchto jmen)
(Tendencies in the development of minor place names in the village Otročiněves (with regard to the communication variability of these names))
- Author(s):Barbora Klimtová
- Language:Czech
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Theoretical Linguistics
- Page Range:175-181
- No. of Pages:7
- Keywords:social group; minor place name; collection; direct field research
- Summary/Abstract:This paper highlights some of the tendencies in the development of minor place names (anoiconyms) in the village Otročiněves (Central Bohemia). The contemporary forms of names have been collected in a direct field research. After the introduction of the criteria for the research, the article focuses on the confrontation of name forms within the set of newly collected anoiconyms, but also on comparison with minor place names excerpted from older sources – from the collection for the Dictionary of Minor Place Names in Bohemia and from the Theresian land register. Thus the article attempts not only to analyze changes in the subset of the Czech anoiconymic system over time, but also to study changes of extralinguistic nature. Anoiconyms will be monitored in their usage in communication as well as in their relation to literary Czech. The attention is also paid to the usage of names in question in different social groups.
Topónimos de provincia de Pontevedra. Un esbozo de problemática
Topónimos de provincia de Pontevedra. Un esbozo de problemática
(Toponyms of Pontevedra province. An outline of problems)
- Author(s):Marta Anna Pawlikowska
- Language:Spanish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Theoretical Linguistics
- Page Range:183-188
- No. of Pages:6
- Keywords:toponymy; Galicia; language policy; Spanish; Galician
- Summary/Abstract:Toponymy, both macro and micro, function in a linguistic reality that influence and change it. In the north – west region of Spain, Galicia, after years of strong, centralized, supporting only Spanish language policy led by General Francisco Franco, was the era of democratization and resulted in the return to original names in the Galician language. This process has been slow, because even though regulations are clear and officially changed toponyms administrative function in reality the words do not always coincide with the real use of them by the Galician people. Until now, in the minds of many people, Spanish toponyms function and not their official version in Galician. Language policy carried out in Galicia affects not only the education and the media, but also something that affects our daily life, though rarely we pay attention to it, i.e. the toponyms.
Ojkonimy świadectwem językowego, kulturowego, historycznego i przyrodniczego dziedzictwa Krajny
Ojkonimy świadectwem językowego, kulturowego, historycznego i przyrodniczego dziedzictwa Krajny
(Oiconyms as the linguistic, cultural, historical and natural heritage of the Krajna region)
- Author(s):Krzysztof Kołatka
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Theoretical Linguistics
- Page Range:189-203
- No. of Pages:15
- Keywords:toponyms; oiconyms; local names; Krajna region; regional heritage; linguistic image of a region
- Summary/Abstract:There is no doubt that toponyms constitute an unusually valuable source of knowledge about a given territory. Geographical names retain the most essential characteristics which make up their distinctive and unique images. Thus, oiconyms, anoiconyms, hydronyms or oronyms are becoming extremely important elements which build a sense of territorial identity in the inhabitants of any area. The mentioned findings also refer to the toponyms from the Krajna region. Because of many controversies concerning the precise geographical scope of this region located on the borderland between Great Poland and Pomerania, these inquiries assume that its area coincides with the borders of the old, pre-partition Nakło Poviat. The subject of the article is the analysis of the Krajna oiconyms carried out by paying special attention to the linguistic, cultural, historical and natural factors of the region. The characterization of the local names includes first of all an etymological-motivational aspect, giving special consideration to their cultural character. However, the fundamental aim of this study is an attempt to reconstruct the linguistic, cultural, historical and natural image of the Krajna region based on the names of towns, villages, settlements and colonies.
Wyraz pospolity brzoza jako baza toponimiczna
Wyraz pospolity brzoza jako baza toponimiczna
(The word birch as a toponymic base of Polish macrotoponyms)
- Author(s):Renata Gliwa
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Theoretical Linguistics
- Page Range:205-215
- No. of Pages:11
- Keywords:toponim; arboral names; birch
- Summary/Abstract:The basis of these considerations is a noun “birch”, which, due to its popularity of marked designatum, creates quite a considerable source of appelatives and toponyms. This become evident in considerable in morphological and semantic differentiation of toponyms developed based on them. The basic type is made of names that we directly derive from nouns and adjectives related with the noun “birch”, the second type comprises of names created one the toponomastic level.
Apelatywy w podstawie mikrotoponimów (na przykładzie nazw terenowych powiatu zielonogórskiego)
Apelatywy w podstawie mikrotoponimów (na przykładzie nazw terenowych powiatu zielonogórskiego)
(Appellatives in the base of microtoponyms (on the example of field names of district of Zielona Góra))
- Author(s):Iwona Żuraszek-Ryś
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Theoretical Linguistics
- Page Range:217-225
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:appellatives; microtoponyms; topographic; cultural and possessive motivation
- Summary/Abstract:The main purpose of research purpose in this article is the analysis of appellatives testified in field names of district of Zielona Góra and specification of the most dominant types among them. The research material comprises 125 common words (derived from 302 toponyms) which were divided into three groups corresponding to the main motivation types, suitable for microtoponyms: appellatives connected with topographic, cultural and possessive motivation. The analysis which was carried out demonstrated that common words which were present in the base of field names of district of Zielona Góra, were usually formations the source of which stems from topographic motivation. The second most frequent words were appellatives connected with cultural motivation. The fewest common words were to be found in adherent motivation. Such preferences in nomination processes referred to microtoponyms are typical of other regions of Poland, too. One has to bear in mind that these processes are determined by territorial and environmental factors.
Przechodzenie ojko- i anojkonimów w obrębie klas toponimicznych – na materiale z powiatu tureckiego
Przechodzenie ojko- i anojkonimów w obrębie klas toponimicznych – na materiale z powiatu tureckiego
(Shifting of oyco- and anoyconymes between toponimic classes – on the material from Turek district)
- Author(s):Ewelina Zając
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Theoretical Linguistics
- Page Range:227-234
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:oyconymes; anoyconymes; toponomastics
- Summary/Abstract:The topic of the article are modern oyco- and anoyconymes of Turek district collected during field exploration. Historical material was also included to show changes taking place in toponimic classes over the years. Local and field names are categories of proper names that continue to appear but also disappear. Basing on the materials included in this work, the process of disappearance of local names can be observed as well as inclusion of smaller villages into larger settlements. Thus the character of the name remains the same, it is still an oyconym, but its function changes. The reverse process can also be observed, meaning the change of name character from oyconyme to anoyconyme, as the names of former villages are currently used for physiographic uninhabited objects. Processes related to creation of topographic names and shifting of oyco- and anoyconymes are supported with rich naming material. The article concludes by statement that mutual shifting of nomen apellativum and nomen proprium has cultural, not linguistic character, as the changes do not affect the system; character of names does not change, but their function does.
Kilka uwag o mikrotoponimii dawnej ziemi chełmskiej
Kilka uwag o mikrotoponimii dawnej ziemi chełmskiej
(Some remarks on the microtoponymy in the 18th century region of Chełm)
- Author(s):Mariusz Koper
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Theoretical Linguistics
- Page Range:235-244
- No. of Pages:10
- Keywords:spelling; classification; microtoponymy; toponym; the region of Chełm
- Summary/Abstract:This paper presents selected issues related to the 18th century toponyms in the region of Chełm. Manuscript sources report microtoponymic formations that display inconsistency in the implementation of the then-contemporary standards of spelling and frequent alternations in the spelling of the particular names. The causes need to be sought in language interferences, limited language competence and the bilingualism of the authors. Searching for the appropriate classification of the analysed toponyms, the author created his own classification, which is mostly based on modifications of the existing proposals. This choice is dictated by the specificity and diversity of the microtoponymic system under analysis. It is also evoked by the lack of a universally accepted and uniform system of toponyms.
Historyczna mikrotoponimia Podlasia w źródłach notarialnych
Historyczna mikrotoponimia Podlasia w źródłach notarialnych
(Historical microtoponyms of Podlasie in the notarial sources)
- Author(s):Joanna Kuć
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Theoretical Linguistics
- Page Range:245-255
- No. of Pages:11
- Keywords:microtoponyms; Podlasie region; notarial contracts; historical sources
- Summary/Abstract:The article shows and describes names of small rural spaces registered in the 19th century notarial acts from the area of Łuków. There are over 300 units, the names of the so called lands, semantically and structurally varied, excluding the names of waterways that are not represented in the research material. The way of description of these microtoponyms doesn’t leave any doubt that they are proper names being connected with locating and characterizing functions, serving as landmarks in defining the borders of fields, meadows, forests and succession possessions. The material from Łuków reveals the specific concentration of names, including topographic motivation, having the largest share in the creation of these units, followed by possessive and cultural ones. These names are generally, structurally and semantically transparent with reference to the historical names of Mazovia.
Nowe źródła do badań północnych obszarów Polski, należących do byłych Prus Wschodnich
Nowe źródła do badań północnych obszarów Polski, należących do byłych Prus Wschodnich
(New sources for research in the northern areas of Poland, belonging to East Prussia until 1945)
- Author(s):Krystyna Szcześniak
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Theoretical Linguistics
- Page Range:257-267
- No. of Pages:11
- Keywords:East Prussia; onomastics; Wolfgang Rothe
- Summary/Abstract:The article discusses the work of German historian Wolfgang Rothe which is valuable for onomastic research regarding the Protestant parishes in the area of the former East Prussia (now the area of the parishes lies partly in Poland and partly in Russia). Born in the family of Salzburg settlers, the laureate of Gołdap prize “Romincki Lynx” with the help of former residents of these areas, and with his work he collected seven volumes (the eighth one in preparation) of very reliable and extensive historical documentation (including onomastic ones: records of names of settlements taken from different documents, settlements list of family names, first names and occupations of inhabitants up to year 1938). Wolfgang Rothe documented also the reality of that time on maps, photographs and plans of the various villages and settlements, supplementing those with the memories of former residents of respective parishes and glossary of interesting lexemes and phrasemes. This material allows filling a number of history white spots (the history of toponymy and anthroponymy) of the area.
Mikrotoponymie městského prostoru
Mikrotoponymie městského prostoru
(Hodonyms of Subotica downtown as an evidence of city’s multiculturalism)
- Author(s):Jaroslav David
- Language:Czech
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Theoretical Linguistics
- Page Range:269-288
- No. of Pages:20
- Keywords:multiculturalism; hodonyms; Subotica; downtown
- Summary/Abstract:Hodonyms function as symbols and convey information about relations between the inhabitants of the city. Considered as signs, they stigmatize space and, by references to different cultures, they reflect the demographic structure, in particular, the ethnic one. The article attempts to classify names of streets, squares and parks according to their references to the different cultures. The analysis was conducted on the example of the center of Subotica, a multicultural city in Serbia, near the border with Hungary. The next step was to present the phenomena on maps, which was done for three historical periods: the interwar, the Communist era and current state. The first two are based on maps from 1928 and 1968, and the current one is based on field research curried out in September 2011. The information obtained in this way was compared to the census results of different periods, analyzing the relationship between demographic structure and the information stored in the hodonyms. The analysis confirmed the possibility of using this method in terms of synchronic and diachronic viewpoint.
Plateonimy i agoronimy centralnej przestrzeni Suboticy (Serbia) jako świadectwo wielokulturowości miasta
Plateonimy i agoronimy centralnej przestrzeni Suboticy (Serbia) jako świadectwo wielokulturowości miasta
(Hodonyms of Subotica downtown as an evidence of city’s multiculturalism)
- Author(s):Armina Muszyńska
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Theoretical Linguistics
- Page Range:277-288
- No. of Pages:12
- Keywords:multiculturalism; hodonyms; Subotica; downtown
- Summary/Abstract:Hodonyms function as symbols and convey information about relations between the inhabitants of the city. Considered as signs, they stigmatize space and, by references to different cultures, they reflect the demographic structure, in particular, the ethnic one. The article attempts to classify names of streets, squares and parks according to their references to the different cultures. The analysis was conducted on the example of the center of Subotica, a multicultural city in Serbia, near the border with Hungary. The next step was to present the phenomena on maps, which was done for three historical periods: the interwar, the Communist era and current state. The first two are based on maps from 1928 and 1968, and the current one is based on field research curried out in September 2011. The information obtained in this way was compared to the census results of different periods, analyzing the relationship between demographic structure and the information stored in the hodonyms. The analysis confirmed the possibility of using this method in terms of synchronic and diachronic viewpoint.
Nazwy dzielnic i osiedli Tomaszowa Mazowieckiego
Nazwy dzielnic i osiedli Tomaszowa Mazowieckiego
(The names of districts and housing estates in Tomaszów Mazowiecki)
- Author(s):Lidia Pacan-Bonarek
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Theoretical Linguistics
- Page Range:289-299
- No. of Pages:11
- Keywords:toponyms; city names; Tomaszów Mazowiecki
- Summary/Abstract:The article entitled The names of districts and housing estates in Tomaszów Mazowiecki is an attempt to complete the works and studies on city names in Poland. The analysis of proper names material was based on the meaning and formal names classification which allowed to separate the topographic names (Białobrzegi, Babi Dół), the cultural names (Baraki, Hubala housing estate), the possessive names (Cekanów), the ethnic names (Nagórzyce), the family names (Rawitów), the patronymic names (Starzyce), the relational names (Karpaty, Nowy Port) and the double meaning names (Gustek, Piekło). In each of the types one tried to separate the motivated names and unmoti vated names, and synthetic names and analytic names, if they occurred. The most popular types of urbanonyms which occurred in the discussed area are the relational, topographic and cultural names. The application of semantic classification allowed to emphasise the relation between toponyms and land configuration, material and spiritual culture of the society of this region. Just like in the example of other cities the oldest group of city names of Tomaszów Mazowiecki are the district names which at the beginning had been the names of the villages and hamlets. When the towns developed the villages were absorbed by them.
Zasłużeni dla miasta. O mikrosystemie plateonimicznym Opola
Zasłużeni dla miasta. O mikrosystemie plateonimicznym Opola
(Meritorious citizens. Some notes on the Opole urban nomenclature Microsystem)
- Author(s):Agnieszka Wojcieszek
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Theoretical Linguistics
- Page Range:301-308
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:place names; nomenclature microsystem; toponyms; urbanonyms
- Summary/Abstract:The Opole urban nomenclature has for many years been a space of special homage paid to the local heroes. Taking into account this fact, in my research I have concentrated on Opole streets, squares, buildings and estates named after persons associated with this region. The analysis covered not only outstanding historical personalities, but also contemporary authorities – writers, politicians and scientists. The purpose of this paper was to present the most important nomenclature trends associated with the regional history and to show the impact of names commemorating prominent historical figures on the contemporary image of Opole. This urban nomenclature microsystem consisting of about one hundred proper names was presented against the background of current events and terminology problems faced by the Opole region. This subject seems to be of importance in the light of the ongoing cultural-ethnic differentiation and political disputes in Opole Silesia.
The street names of the villages in the district of Nakło nad Notecią
The street names of the villages in the district of Nakło nad Notecią
(Nazwy ulic wsi gminy Nakło nad Notecią)
- Author(s):Henryk Duszyński-Karabasz
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Theoretical Linguistics
- Page Range:309-317
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:street names; viconymy; district of Nakło nad Notecią
- Summary/Abstract:The article presents the street names of the five villages in the district of Nakło nad Notecią (Paterek, Potulice, Ślesin, Trzeciewnica, Występ). The semantic analysis have shown the main naming types and also the similarities and differences between the naming systems of each village. The most popular street name types are topographic and natural names. Over 85% of all plateonyms have the adjectival form. This is the most productive structural type in the viconymy.
Obraz świata w mikrotoponimii Pomorza Gdańskiego
Obraz świata w mikrotoponimii Pomorza Gdańskiego
(The image of the world in the microtoponymy of Gdansk Pomerania)
- Author(s):Jarosław Szuta
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Theoretical Linguistics
- Page Range:319-327
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:toponymy; Pomorze Gdańskie
- Summary/Abstract:This section is the first part of a project to recreate the world, which was seen through the eyes of people making up the names of places no inhabited.
Dokonania onomastyczne profesora Witolda Mańczaka (1924–2016)
Dokonania onomastyczne profesora Witolda Mańczaka (1924–2016)
(Onomastic achievements of Professor Witold Mańczak (1924–2016))
- Author(s):Artur Gałkowski
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Theoretical Linguistics
- Page Range:329-331
- No. of Pages:3
- Summary/Abstract:This memory of Professor Witold Mańczak deceased in 2016, presents the cv and the most important onomastic achievements of the outstanding and appreciated Polish linguist, who dedicated his scientific life to the study of different European languages and created some valuable theories concerning the evolution of languages, the etymology and the nature of proper names.
