ZWODNICZE EKWIW ALENTY LEKSYKALNE JAKO PROBLEM PRAKTYKI TRANSLATORSKIEJ (NA PRZYKŁADZIE POLSKIEGO TŁUMACZENIA ANNY KARENINY L. N. TOŁSTOJA)
MISLEADING WORDS OF THE TRANSLATOR AS A PROBLEM IN TRANSLATION (ON THE CONTENT OF THE POLISH TRANSLATION OF TOLSTOY’S NOVEL ANNA KARENINA)

Summary/Abstract: Comparing the source and translation languages (Russian and Polish, or any other) of Anna Karenina the words, as their contextual-logical correlation is concerned, may be either in equivalent (relative or absolute) or unequivalent correlations. Taking into account the correlation of sound (or graphic) scope of equivalent words and correlation of their stylistic characteristics we may define synchronic interlanguage categories of absolute and relative synchronism, homonymy and paronymy. Some original and translation words from Anna Karenina which have common roots and a common (from a historical point of view) phonetic aspect but which differ semantically, are also the subject matter of our analysis in the present article. Semantically close or identical vocabulary, limited in semantic and expressive-stylistic combinations of words are the source of mistakes in translation; which does not prevent in rendering of the sense of the information but breaks the language norms. The most common stylistic divergences in Russian and Polish words are the diver­gences which have literary and conversational nuances. The convergence in meanings of polysemantic words and in semantic structure of contrasted words also present con­siderable difficulties. The analysis of the original and translated languages is an inexhaustible source for comparative and contrastive semisiology of compared languages as well for the revealing of the types of the correlation between the meaning in cognate languages.

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