Ф. М. ДОСТОЕВСКИЙ И Т. Г. ШЕВЧЕНКО
F. М. DOSTOYEVSKY AND T. G. SHEVCHENKO

Summary/Abstract: The tragic similarities of the fate of T. Shevchenko and F. Dostoyevsky (excellent literary debuts, participation in the underground political organizations, arrests, ten years long military service of one, penal colony and next military service together with the exile of the second) allowed the author of this article to discuss for the first time in the theory of literature the problem of inevitable mutual interest of the writers, or at least of Dostoyevsky’s interest in Shevchenko. According to the author of this article the interest in the individuality, poetry and world-views of the Ukrainian poet was in a natural way combined in Dostoyevsky in the years 1859-1863 with the verification of conclusions on the contemporary people and its social activities, to which the author came during his exile and with the considerations on the theory of “soil” created during these years. Shevchenko as an individuality and an artist combining in himself the folk and other elements which were digested by the contemporary European culture could be an object of Dostoyevsky’s main interests in his ideological search of the sixtieth. The author arrives at a conclusion, when analysing the individual and creative milieu of both artists of the 40’s, and the time of the exile and short period from Dostoyevsky’s return to Petersburg (December 1850) to the death of Shevchenko (February 1861) that their acquaintance and personal meetings of the writers were practically unavoidable and their mutual opinions about each other were sufficiently crystallized. For Dostoyevsky this acquaintance conviction should have confirmed the justifiability of his considerations on the mutual relations of the people and the intellectuals, and as a result determined the perspectives of Russian social movements in general. Just this aspect determined the completely justified history of an unfulfilled encounter of these two “martyrs for truth ”.

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