РАЗОРУЖАЊЕ И УЈЕДИЊЕНЕ НАЦИЈЕ
DISARMAMENT AND THE UNITED NATIONS

Summary/Abstract: In this paper the author considers the question of disarmament in the United Nations. The author divided its work into six phazes according to the organs that in different periods worked on the disarmament problems. First phaze begins with the first session of the General Assembly and ends in 1952. That is the period of the Commission on Atomic and Commission on Classic Armament, period which principle characteristic was monopol of the USA in the sphere of atomic armament and domination of the Soviet Union in classic weapons. All the resolutions and proposals of these powers, concerning armament questions in that period, went through resistencies of the two powers which reflected their relation in armament. That was the principle reason for estabilishiment of the united Commission on Armament of twelve membes, with which the second phaze began (1952-1953). Commisssion of Twelve worked in New York in the amosphere loaded with McCarthyism and it was too numerous to function sufficiently. That is why in 1953. a Subcommittee of Five was formed which worked untill 1957. With its formation begins the third phaze. In that period small countries had greater influence in the General Assembly, intensity of the cold war decreased and that all contributed to approaching in the views of the East and West. Proposals of. the USA and USSR had many common points. But the question of disarmament remained unsolved. In that period Yugoslavia also submitted its proposal of the resolution on July 10 of 1956. In the fourth phaze (1957-1959) Soviet Union dissatisfied with the numerous dominance of the Western powers at the sessions of organs that discussed armament questions, demanded that future organs should be formed on parity basis. Membership of the Commission on Disarmament was broadened from 12 to 26, and in 1958. Commission embraced all the member-states of the United Nations. That period of the „experts' government" is well known because of the two conferences held at that time: Conference of the Experts on the Protection from Sudden Attack and Conference on the Suspension of Nuclear Tests. Upon the insistence of the USSR a parity organ was estabilished - Committee of Ten (1959-1961), with which, the fifth phaze began. Committee had not much success though during its existence it was much spoken about general and complete disarmament. At last, in 1961. was formed Committee of Eighteen. With its establishment the six phaze began which according to its results was the most succesfull up till now. During its existence was concluded in 1963. Agreement on the Ban of the Nuclear Weapons Tests in Atmosphere, Outer Space and Under Seas and Agreement on Outer Space, and an agreement concerning the proposal of the nuclear weapons proliferation ban was reached between the USA and USSR. At the end, the author points out at the results achieved in the field of disarmament, and at the problems which remained unsolved and upon which it should be worked.

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