Демографските перспективи и социалните инвестиции в контекста на съвместяването на раждането и отглеждането на деца със заетостта и професионалната кариера на мъжете и жените
Demographic prospects and social investments in the context of reconciling childbearing and bringing up children with employment and professional career of men and women

Summary/Abstract: This study focuses the need of qualitative change in the understanding of demographic policy and in developing policies and institutions for development of children, in reconciling the policies for population development and for employment as well as to the need of social investments in education and health care and their consideration as top priorities. Development of population and economic employment of men and women, changes in economic structure and in distribution of paid and unpaid work between men and women are subject of the study based on a systemic approach and Amartya Sen’s capability approach about the creation of capability in population, institutions and economic entities. The study’s goal is putting to reassessment the now valid outdated concepts and practices of demographic policy, the childcare facilities and the policies of reconciling childbearing and bringing up children with engagement of men and women in both spheres. Population development is considered from the point of view of the recent evolution of fertility, mortality and migrations in Bulgaria. Furthermore, changes in attitudes and in the system of values are also analyzed which, in addition to the shrinking reproductive potential, predetermine country’s development in the next years and the need of reassessment and elaboration of adequate systemic and policies, implemented consecutively, for children and institutions development, for development of economy and population in their close interrelation and interdependency. The specific subjects of study are: present and future of demographic and economic development, search for modern decisions in choosing the policies for their development as well as natural increase of the population and current migration of women in the context of reconciling the employment and professional career with childbearing and bringing up children. Further subjects include: the age and sex as important determinants of both population reproduction and employment; the role played by social innovations and the selection of strategies for national economy and population development; demographic consequences of existing distribution of work by sex, on the one hand, and the development of education and healthcare sectors as strategic for qualitative population and economy reproduc-reproduction, on the other; possible and applied policies for reconciling family and professional life of women and men.

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