Madde Kötüye Kullanımı ve Risk Faktörleri Üzerine Bir Gözden Geçirme
A Review of Substance Abuse and Risk Factors

Summary/Abstract: The aim of this review is to examine the psychological, biological, and environmental risk factors that contribute to substance misuse through an integrative analysis of recent literature. Substance misuse is known to significantly impair individuals’ psychological, physical, and social functioning, and it has increasingly become a major public health concern, particularly among young populations. Existing research indicates that psychosocial stressors, family dynamics, peer influence, traumatic life events, and ease of access to substances substantially increase vulnerability to use, especially during adolescence and young adulthood. Additionally, technological developments, social media content, and pleasure-oriented tendencies emerging within modern life constitute new risk dimensions. Biological and psychological vulnerabilities—including genetic predisposition, impulsivity, and emotion regulation difficulties—are also noted as critical factors that heighten individual susceptibility. By synthesizing current evidence, this review aims to strengthen the theoretical framework for understanding substance misuse and contribute to the development of effective preventive interventions.

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