BULGARCADA GELİŞEMEMİŞ BİR YAPI: ŞİMDİKİ ZAMAN EDİLGEN SIFAT-EYLEMİ
AN UNDEVELOPED STRUCTURE IN BULGARIAN: PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE PASSIVE PARTICIPLE

Summary/Abstract: In contemporary Bulgarian literary language, there are participle-verb forms formed on the basis of transitive verbs ending in -м (variants -им, -аем, -уем). Like other participle-verb types, these verbs are formed from the stems of transitive verbs rather than from verb properties, thus indicating the properties of various objects that are affected or can be affected by the underlying verb. The present continuous tense passive participle represents older participle forms that existed in Old Bulgarian but later disappeared but persisted in Modern Literary Bulgarian but failed to develop. The present-tense continuous passive participle forms are remnants of the earliest use of the past-tense active participle forms in Old Bulgarian. These remnants are primarily used in literary language, especially in the official style, and some linguists believe they were borrowed from Russian and Church Slavonic. Although these vestiges lack exact equivalents in Modern Bulgarian, they are similar to the present continuous tense active participle-verb and past simple tense passive participle-verb forms. The present continuous tense passive participle verb forms, which are actively used in Modern Bulgarian but carry traces of Old Bulgarian, can be met with present continuous tense active participle-verb forms because they commonly form imperfective aspect, and on the other hand, with past simple tense passive participle verb forms because of their passive nature. In the introduction part of our study, general information about the present continuous tense passive participle verb forms in Modern Bulgarian is given, in the first part their current usage is examined, and in the second part the form and meaning of this structure in Modern Bulgarian with the present continuous tense active participle verb forms and past simple tense passive participle verb forms are examined.

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