BULGARCADA FİİL ÇATISI
VOICE IN BULGARIAN

Summary/Abstract: Voice is related to the verb so it is studied according to the relations between the subject-the verb or the object-the verb. Studying the subject-the verb, if the subject is active or the subject is linked directly to the verb this is called active voice (действителен залог), if the subject is passive or the subject is linked indirectly to the verb this is called passive voice (страдателен залог). Studying the object-the verb, if the verb is able to get an object it is called transitive (преходен); if not it is called intransitive (непреходен). The voice in Bulgarian consists of transitive and intransitive too. Passive voice consists of reflexive form (възвратна форма) or the form when auxiliary (спомагателен глагол) is used with past passive participle (минало страдателно причастие). With these two methods transitive verb is turned into intransitive. The passive voice in Bulgarian depends on past passive participle. Past tense (минало свършено време) steps in on this point. This depends on the verb which is transitive. Past tense depends on present tense (сегашно време) in the centre. Participles related to past passive participles in Bulgarian depend on the voice and the tense. The usage of past passive participle has two types: Dependent (несамостойна употреба) and independent types (самостойна употреба). In Bulgarian the structure of reflexive verb depends on the transitivity of the verb. In reflexive form the transitive verb turns into intransitive form. The reflexive form gives not only reflexive verb but also other structures. In our study the verbs in Bulgarian are to be examined active / passive, transitive / intransitive and reflexive.

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