ЯПОНІЯ, ТА ЇЇ ІСТОРИЧНІ, ЕКОНОМІЧНІ ТА ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЙНІ ПРОЦЕСИ З 2000-х РОКІВ.
JAPAN AND ITS HISTORICAL, ECONOMIC AND TRANSFORMATIONAL PROCESSES SINCE THE 2000S.

Summary/Abstract: The article examines the development and strategy of the Japanese state at the beginning of the 20th century, namely its economic shifts and changes in the country itself and on international markets, where a number of reforms were introduced, in particular: in the early 2000s. A retrospective of the history of Japan in the second half of the 20th century allows us to better understand the main transformations that shaped its current state. Post-war reconstruction, economic boom and technological advances have defined it as a rapidly developing country, but at the same time it is facing new challenges and opportunities. In the early 2000s, the country experienced economic transition after a period of economic growth in the 1980s and 1990s. In the 1990s, the country faced the problems of deflation, productivity decline, and the persistence of a budget deficit. To overcome these challenges, reforms aimed at stimulating the economy were introduced, including increased investment in technology sectors, support for small and mediumsized businesses, and liberalization of the financial sector. The country witnessed a rapidly aging population and a declining birth rate. These demographic transformations have led to an increase in the average age of the population and increased the need for new social and economic strategies to ensure sustainable development and social security. Japan was experiencing its economic transition after a period of economic growth in the 1980s and 1990s. Where Japan faced problems such as deflation, low productivity and persistent budget deficits. To address these challenges, reforms aimed at revitalizing the economy were introduced, including increased investment in the technology sector, support for small and medium-sized enterprises, and liberalization of the financial sector. Also an important aspect of the study is: structural changes, namely its economic development in terms of fiscal stimulus, which led to the implementation of infrastructure project programs, its economy, which introduced the policy of monetary expansion, and its fiscal growth.

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