РЕЦЕПЦІЯ ПЕРШОЇ ТА ДРУГОЇ СВІТОВОЇ ВІЙНИ В ЛІТЕРАТУРІ ХХ СТОЛІТТЯ
RECEPTION OF THE FIRST AND THE SECOND WORLD WAR IN THE LITERATURE OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY

Summary/Abstract: This article is an attempt at an analytical review of the literary reception of the First and Second World Wars in the works of foreign writers of the twentieth century. The military events had catastrophic consequences for the peoples of all continents and were reflected in the works of many artists. The article examines the literary reflection of historical events in works about the First World War, revealing its duality. Some authors were inclined to romantic idealization of feats, heroization of the main characters - ordinary soldiers - real heroes, without concealing the violence and madness of the war. Other writers created a catastrophic picture, with a sense of the end of civilization due to the death of the basis of its meaning and the ultimate goal of development - the human being, the individual. More precisely, through the ruthless and senseless murder of the individual. The same duality can be traced in the literary reception of works of fiction about the Second World War: some writers deny military heroism, expose the goals of the war, its dehumanization of the universe, and the destruction of man as an industrial product in special industrial institutions to bitter irony and grotesqueness; others raise universal moral and ethical issues in their works, using the genre features of myth and parable. The result of this article is an analysis of the literary reception of the events of the First and Second World Wars. In their works, twentieth-century writers try to reflect the historical events of these two terrible catastrophes of humanity simultaneously: with documentary accuracy of the martial law and at the same time with their own author's vision of the war. The practical implication of the materials of this study is that they can be used in the development of classes in a specialized school using an integrated method of teaching, combining historical and literary achievements in characterizing the First and Second World Wars, developing students' skills of theoretical analysis of the ideological and thematic basis of a work of fiction and the peculiarities of the author's reception of the historical events of the two world wars, identifying differences and peculiarities of their reflection in the text of the work.

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