ВІДОБРАЖЕННЯ ІСТОРИЧНОЇ ЕПОХИ «ЗОЛОТОЇ ЛИХОМАНКИ» ЧЕРЕЗ ПЕЙЗАЖ У ТВОРАХ ДЖЕКА ЛОНДОНА
REFLECTION OF THE HISTORICAL ERA OF “THE GOLD RUSH” THROUGH THE LANDSCAPE IN THE WORKS OF JACK LONDON

Summary/Abstract: Fiction, thanks to such means of poetic language as the reproduction of various landscapes on the pages of a literary text, provides the recipient with a great opportunity to see the beauty and grandeur of the world's nature, to feel their inseparability from it. Literary critics refer to this depiction of various landscapes in literary texts as the definition of ‘landscape’. The model curriculum "Foreign Literature. Grades 5-9" for general secondary education institutions (as revised in 2023), recommended by the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine by the order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine of 10 October 2023 No. 1226, one of the tasks of studying foreign literature is to teach secondary education students to aesthetically perceive literary works, to identify their artistic originality, and to consider them in the context of the development of universal culture and national cultures of different countries and peoples. In the course of their schooling, by learning the basics of defining and analysing landscape in literary works, young Ukrainians develop the ability to aesthetically appreciate the natural environment and foster a sense of environmental responsibility. Landscape images in literary texts help middle school students learn to deepen their appreciation of the richness and diversity of the natural environment in parts of the world they have not yet discovered, get to know the amazing beauty of our planet, and develop an understanding of the uniqueness of the nature of their native land. It is necessary to emphasise the key function of artistic natural images in conveying the inner world of a literary character. By describing natural phenomena, the author of a work of fiction allows the reader to feel the nuances of the character's state of mind and his or her transformation. This artistic technique is known as ‘parallelism’, and its beginnings can be traced back almost to the very origins of literature. In view of this, the implications of this article are conditioned by the need to improve students' theoretical knowledge about the peculiarities of the literary landscape, skills of its analysis, determination of its place in a work of fiction and formation of ideas about historical realities. The result of this article can be considered the assimilation by secondary school students of theoretical information about the literary landscape and the development of practical skills in reproducing the relevant historical features through the analysis of landscape descriptions in literary texts. The practical implication of the materials of this study is the use of the product of this article in the process of providing knowledge to secondary school students in the disciplines of World History and Foreign Literature through the combination of information about historical events with landscape descriptions of moments in world history (such as the Alaskan Gold Rush) in the literary texts of foreign writers (on the example of Jack London's Northern Tales).

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