СТРАДАЊЕ ЦИВИЛА НЕЗАВИСНЕ ДРЖАВЕ ХРВАТСКЕ У ЛОГОРУ ЈАСЕНОВАЦ
Suffering of Civilians of the Independent State of Croatia in the Concentration Camp Jasenovac

Summary/Abstract: According to the results of the revision of the census „War Victims 1941– 1945“ from 1964 achieved so far, and following the trend of the yielded results observable until now, an estimate of the number of the victims of the Jasenovac concentration camp was made. All analyses were based on the estimated number of the perished. The number of victims in Yugoslavia, which lies between 1.070.000 and 1.120.000, was taken as the point of departure. Calculating the number for the territory which is roughly equal to that of the ISC, we arrive at the number which lies between 695.000 and 742.000 victims, which makes up 65.65% of human losses of Yugoslavia, which is much, since the share in its total population was only 39.70%. Breaking down this fi gure to categories, shows that between 504.000 and 536.000 civilians had lost their lives in the ISC, which makes them 73% of the victims in the ISC. Among theme there were 64.50% Serbs, 12.30% Croats, 7.70% Muslims, 6% Jews, 4.80% Gypsies, 1.25% members of other nationalities and 3.36% of unknown nationality. The estimated number of victims in the Jasenovac concentration camp ranges between 122.300 and 130.000 persons, which is 17.60% of the victims in the ISC, and at the same time 24.30% of the civilian victims in the ISC. Among the inhabitants of the ISC who lost their lives in one of the concentration camps in the ISC or out of it, the Jasenovac victims make up 72.50%. According to the years of the camp’s operation, the largest suffering of 65.76% was registered in 1942. The ethnic make-up of the victims shows that there were between 77.000 and 81.000 Serbs (62.60%), between 18.000 and 19.000 Jews (14.60%), between 18.000 and 20.000 Gypsies (15.20%), between 7.000 and 7.500 Croats (5.80%), between 1.300 and 1.500 Muslims (1.10%) and between 1.000 and 1.200 others or of unknown nationality (0.87%). Some 76% of the killed Gypsies died there, as well as 60% of the killed Jews of the ISC, which makes it undoubtfully important for these two peoples. On the other hand, 3.5% Muslims and 11.15% Croats died there. How then, is the role of Jasenovac in the suffering of the Serbian civilians is to be regarded? 23.60% of all Serbian civilians in the ISC territory died there. This puts it, according to the share of the civilian victims, between the share of Jews and Gypsies on one and Muslims and Croats on the other hand. The number of Serbian victims, which is almost two time larger than the numbers of others put together, singles Jasenovac out as a unique death camp and turns it into a paradigm of crimes committed against that people. However, one should keep in mind that the crime committed on the Serbs in the ISC was much broader and that for its organization and perpetration, the efforts of the whole state with its state apparatus and a large number of abettors were needed, as well as that Jasenovac was only one of its parts.

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