METAFORE PO KOJIMA PLANINARIMO – ORONIMI METAFORIČKOGA PORIJEKLA U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI
METAPHORS BY WHICH WE HIKE – ORONYMS OF METAPHORICAL ORIGIN IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA

Summary/Abstract: The soil of Bosnia and Herzegovina is characterized by densely and widely developed hills, highlands and mountains, so it must have been very challenging in the past, without GPS or navigation for hiking, to move in an almost uniform space. Out of the need to find their way around and orient themselves, the local man has developed a specific terminology to name the geomorphological forms that surrounded him. Thus, metaphorical ones were also added to the distinctive interweaving of motifs from nature. That transferred the metaphors to oronymy, and the challenge to interpretation of oronyms. This is the reason why oronyms like Mačkova glava, Djevojački kuk, Velika pećina, Ždrijelo, Lakat, Rebra, Bubreg, Nožice, etc. can be intriguing. However, if we approach these oronyms as examples formed by the process of pareidolia and to their conveyed meaning as geoinformation, we are on the trail of visualizing the mountainous area of Bosnia and Herzegovina. In addition to somatic metaphors, which have been identified as the most frequent in the basis of oronyms, we determined the metaphors motivated by kinship terms (e.g. on Mount Baba the highest peak is Đed) and those based on names for objects from everyday use in the household, clothing, livestock farming, religion, construction, etc. Thus, through the analysis of selected examples from the Bosnian and Heregovinian oronymy, it was determined that one part of the oronymy lexicon has a meaning and use specific to oronymy only. These examples are proof that oronyms can often deceive; one thing to show and say, and the other to be and mean. That is why it is necessary to approach them with the utmost caution. In this regard, the paper provides a semantic-motivational analysis of metaphorical oronyms, and their appellations, meanings, categorization, altitude and location are determined.

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