Niedobory siły roboczej i kompetencji na europejskim rynku pracy w erze digitalizacji: trendy, prognozy, wyzwania
Labour and skills shortages in the European labour market in the digitalisation era: trends, outlooks, and challenges

Summary/Abstract: The article aims to synthesise and systematise existing evidence on the magnitude and structural characteristics of labour and skills shortages in the European labour market, while also examining employment changes in selected sectors and occupational groups in the context of ongoing digitalisation. A multidimensional analysis of labour and skills shortages is conducted for the period 2022-2024, complemented by an examination of employment dynamics across sectors and occupations from 2014 to 2023. The findings reveal substantial cross-country heterogeneity in labour shortages across Europe, ranging from deficits in highly specialised skills in Central and Eastern European countries to more diversified shortages in Western Europe. The analysis further identifies sectors exhibiting the most rapid employment growth, notably education and information and communication technologies (ICT), reflecting the increasing demand for digital and knowledge-intensive competencies. Moreover, the assessment of occupational employment dynamics confirms the persistence of labour market polarisation in Europe, characterised by rising demand for highly skilled occupations - particularly professionals and managers - and a sustained decline in employment in manual and routine occupations. Overall, the results enhance understanding of the structural transformation of the European labour market driven by escalating skills shortages and the progressive digitalisation of the economy.

• Details
• Contents