Narracja historyczna Kościoła rzymskokatolickiego w Polsce o II wojnie światowej. Przed i po roku 1989

Author(s): Paweł Stachowiak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2015

The paper tries to present the main motifs of WWII in the official historical narrative of the Roman Catholic Church in Poland. It also illustrates the evolution of this narrative that was especially observable after the political transition of 1989. In order to attain these objectives a conceptual apparatus is applied that has been developed within the framework of academic research into remembrance. The essential conclusions presented in the paper illustrate how the Church referred to the 1939–1945 events in terms of constructing a community of remembrance. Initially, it was constructed by referring to the traditional paradigm of a heroic history and the attempt to make theological sense of warfare. At present, the emphasis in the Church’s interpretation of the war period has changed slightly. This is related to the evolution of the teaching by the Church and the change in how the collective memory of Polish society is functioning. In the conclusions, paradoxes are indicated in the Church’s historical narrative, which can make it either more difficult or impossible to maintain the Church’s role as that of a relatively coherent community of remembrance.

Wartość pamięci i mnemoniczne struktury możliwości. Uwarunkowania pamięci zbiorowej w badaniach polityki kontestacji

Author(s): Artur Lipiński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2015

The objective of this paper is to analyse the conditions that have enabled effective diffusion of the category of collective memory into the field of social movement studies. This primarily concerns the evolution of ways to theorise the phenomenon of contestation policy which has gradually began to take into account the cultural dimen- sion of social movements, including the practice of assigning meanings that refer to the past. The paper also presents two theoretical-methodological proposals for combining the category of collective memory and studies of contestation policy, namely the concept of the mnemonic ability of the US gay movement and the concept of mnemonic structures of possibilities.

Popularyzacja wiedzy w mediach lokalnych leszczyńskiego regionu wydawniczego

Author(s): Ewa Jurga-Wosik / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2015

Regardless of the type of publisher, the local press of the Leszczyñski publishing area (covering the territory of the former Leszczyñski region) is to a large extent committed to the promotion of knowledge, particularly in the field of the humanities. Academic periodicals, in turn, mainly promote the knowledge of the exact sciences to a larger extent than other types of media. In local periodicals, whether owned by the local government or private owners, topics related to regional studies dominate. There is also an abundance of articles in the field of psychology, pedagogy, dietetics, cosmetology and innovations in agriculture in this type of periodical. The local media of the Leszczyñski area have been committed to the promotion of knowledge since the beginnings of the local press there, that is since the middle of the 19th century. The purpose of this paper is to present the periodicals issued in the Leszczyñski publishing area that regularly publish academic and popular articles and to emphasise the readers’ demands for such content.

Poland and Palestine – contemporary relations

Author(s): Asad Taffal / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2015

Contemporary relations between Poland and Palestine are currently developing and increasing year after year, by implementing regular steps, intensive plans, clear policies and signing many bilateral agreements in numerous fields bringing benefits to both sides. Poland and Palestine want to strengthen relations to achieve partnership goals, by holding focused meetings between official organisations from the two parties. The real beginning for starting these meetings refers to 9th of February, 2009 when Polish Foreign Minister Radosław Sikorski and Foreign Minister of the Palestinian National Authority Riad Al-Malki signed a three-year framework agreement on developing cooperation between the MFAs of the Republic of Poland and of the Palestinian National Authority. The signing of this agreement allowed the opening of a new period for more cooperation and connection between the two sides and will continue to develop this relationship under a consistent policy.

Białoruś, czyli teatr jednego aktora? Zjawisko ramowania na przykładzie wizerunku Białorusi w wybranych tytułach prasowych

Author(s): Aleksandra Galus / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2015

In recent years, the phenomenon of framing has repeatedly drawn the attention of numerous scholars who work covers the fields of both media and political sciences. The media presentation of different problems can influence their social reception. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the image of Belarus created by the journalists of the most popular opinion-forming weeklies in Poland. The author’s goal is to examine whether Belarus is portrayed on the basis of clichés, such as President Alexander Lukashenka’s non-democratic rule, violations of human rights and the apathy of Belarusian society. Emphasising negative information and a unidimensional description may potentially influence Polish public opinion. Therefore, it is worth identifying the recurrent interpretational framework which might contribute to better understanding the phenomenon of framing events in the mass media.

Wspólny polsko-niemiecki podręcznik do historii – odmienne kultury dydaktyczne

Author(s): Violetta Julkowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2015

The paper introduces the idea of a common Polish-German history textbook and discusses the conditions of implementing this project in several stages. The first stage consisted in developing common historical and didactic guidelines for both parties to the project. After the publishing houses had been identified, the content of the handbooks was drafted and submitted for consultations by experts and the Polish-German Textbook Commission. The paper presents differences in approaching historical issues in education which follow from the different ways of teaching historical awareness in Poland and Germany. The value of the Polish-German project is stressed, which consists in developing a teaching strategy that makes it possible to understand the shared history and different memories.

Czy cel uświęca środki? Moralny wymiar polityki w koncepcji tomistycznej

Author(s): Beata Kosiba / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2015

The morality comprises human actions and ethical values. In accordance to classic understanding of political thoughts which means mean fulfilling common goodness, the aim of power is the concern about each person – a citizen. The question if the ends justify the means in political science accepts the possibility of using effectivness of actions as a criterion, not the ethical values. If the criterion of actions is the effective ness, so is it acceptable to take immoral actions in political activity?

Historia szkolna jako dyskurs władzy

Author(s): Mariusz Menz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2015

The paper presents how history as a school subject reflects the current historical policy of the State. Following Michel Foucault, history is claimed to always constitute the discourse of authorities. This is exemplified by the case of Mieszko’s baptism, which is a sign of the times, having been presented in the school education depending on the changing political, social and – to a smaller extent – cultural contexts. Consider- able room is devoted to the period from 1918–1939 to show how history curricula re- flected the changing objectives of historical policy conducted by the authorities in this time. History as a school subject is considered omnipotent in the discourse of authorities.

Pamięć o przeszłości a konstruowanie bezpieczeństwa w planie teraźniejszym i przyszłym

Author(s): Anna Kurkiewicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2015

Forming constitutive, basic identity structures of individuals, as well as of those of entire societies, occurs through the continuity of experience. This continuity, and, consequently, the stability of the foundation of identity formation are conditioned by memory. Both individual memory within the horizon of their lifetime and generational memory constitute preserved and transferred records of „things past” and their interpretations. It is memory (by marking the horizon of the past and making it visible on the plane of the present and the future) becomes an opportunity for contemplation of what is „gone” and for its constant re-evaluation. The ability to undertake deeper reflection, reaching deeper into history, becomes also the possibility of building a relatively safe reality, of increasingly deeper understanding of oneself and the surrounding world, an understanding encountered within the world of another human being, the other. Severing the horizon of memory and the deeper understanding formed through it may lead to re-shaping the horizon of meeting the other into the horizon of hostility, mutual prejudice, aggression. Thus, pointing to the memory of the past (as an essential constitutive component of both individual and communal identity) comprises an attempt to reverse the vector of gravity from leading from other to alien to hostile so that the other is seen as an appeal to start a dialogue and, thus, create a safe space of living.

Izabela Tomala-Kaźmierczak, Radiomaryjny wzorzec demokracji. Analiza treści „Rozmów Niedokończonych ”

Author(s): Kinga Przybysz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2015

Piotr Piotrowicz, Papierowa szlachta, Jarocin 2015, ss. 295.

Author(s): Ludwika Przybylska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2015

Ekologiczny aspekt wykorzystania substratów rolniczych

Author(s): Teresa Banaszkiewicz,Jakub Wysmyk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 23/2015

To the end of 2020, Poland should reach production of energy from renewable sources at level of 15°-b and the basic direction is to be the use of biomass for biogas production. Whereas livestock production is responsible for 184 о of greenhouse gas emission (GHG) which are a major contribution to climate change, therefore development of biogas derived from excreta and by-products from the agro-food industry is very important for dissolution energy problems as well as preventing changes climate scenario, ш order to develop agricultural biogas production must be overcome many barriers which make difficult of biogas production.

Limnoturystyka w Polsce Zachodniej na przykładzie Jeziora Zbąszyńskiego

Author(s): Zygmunt Młynarczyk,Grzegorz Borkowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 23/2015

The article presents the problem of the tourist and recreational use of lakes in Western Poland in the context of the growing problems with the quality of surface waters, on the example of Zbąszyń Lake. Knowledge of the matter balance in lake-river system allows to determine the relationship of the reservoir with the environment, as well as interpreting and forecasting changes in the lake. This applies especially to the flow through shallow eutrophic lakes where there is intensive auto- and allochthonous sedimentation process. Such lakes are very sensitive to external power, which determines to a large extent the quality of their water. This paper presents the elements of the balance of the flow through Zbąszyń Lake (Western Poland) including water balance, dissolved and suspended material transport, in terms of quantity, as part of the assessment of the recreational suitability of water.

Potencjał bioklimatyczny polskiego wybrzeża Bałtyku w letnim sezonie turystycznym

Author(s): Agnieszka Mąkosza,Czesław Koźmiński,Bożena Michalska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 23/2015

Tourism on the Polish coast of the Baltic Sea is characterised by high seasonality and is at its highest during the warm half of the year, particularly in the holiday period. Bioclimatic conditions are shaped by the Baltic Sea and the characteristic feature of temperate latitudes, mat is high variability of weather conditions. The bioclimatic potential is determined by all optimal environmental conditions for human comfort - weather conditions in particular, which contribute to an increase in recreation and leisure activities. The research material of this study consists of hourly values of air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and cloud cover recorded in June, July and August of the period of 2000—2013 in б meteorological stations located along the coast line: Świnoujście. Koszalin, Ustka, Leba. Hel and Gdansk. LTC'I (Universal Thermal Climate Index) values referring to the heat load were calculated with the use BioKlima Software ver. 2.6. The results allowed for determination of periods of comfort conditions winch constitute bioclimatic potential of the coast. Using the calculated UTCI values and the results of the impact assessment of individual meteorological conditions on human, the present analysis shows spatial variability in the frequency and number of days with comfort conditiciis between the eastern and western part of the Polish Baltic Sea coast. Lack of heat load and thermal comfort calculated according to UTCL was recorded with the highest frequency on the coast in Swinoujscie. Hel and Koszalin. The lowest values of UTCL in the range of 9—26°C (lack of heat load) were calculated for Ustka. Additionally, moderate cold stress was recorded during the 24-hour period in Ustka and Leba. whereas in other localities such conditions were reported only in the evening and night. It was found that on the Polish Baltic Sea coast, the period of late July and early August is characterised by the highest frequency of optimal conditions winch do not cause thermal stress.

Wybrane cechy ilościowe i jakościowe ruchu turystycznego w „Chełmskich Podziemiach Kredowych – Labirynt”

Author(s): Bogusław Sawicki,Marta Kulawczuk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 23/2015

This study presents results of research in selected quantitative and qualitative features of “The Chalk Undergrounds – The Labyrinth” This work made use of already existing research results from the period of 2001–2013 and primary findings obtained through a diagnostic survey during the period of 2013–2014. The conducted analyses indicate that tourist traffic underwent systematic increase in the examined period, however not in direct proportion to its inherent potential. It is actually a local product functioning as a single local tourist attraction, whereas it should be part of a renowned domestic product with a European scale of promotion. This, however, requires an application of innovative approach and appropriate management of knowledge in the process of branding.

Instytucjonalny wymiar procesu zrównoważonego rozwoju obszarów wiejskich

Author(s): Danuta Kołodziejczyk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 23/2015

This paper presents the institutional conditions for sustainable development of rural areas in Poland. Institutional structures are systemic and dynamic, and by interacting with the socio-economic processes in rural areas they strengthen or weaken the process of their sustainable development. It has been found mat within the public sector institutional structures represented by the local administration are an important promoter of sustainable development in rural areas. This paper also presents the main activities of this sector as an organizing, financing, advising and coordinating entity of sustainable development in rural areas. Finally: it outlines the institutional structure supporting the discussed development.

Rola i znaczenie rozwoju agroturystyki dla funkcjonowania regionu w wybranych krajach Unii Europejskiej

Author(s): Bartosz Mickiewicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 23/2015

The paper presents present day and possibilities of agrotourism development in rural areas m chosen EU Member States. There was paid attention to meaning of agrotourism development in multifunctional development of countryside and possibilities of additional income gaming for farmers. The work also presents forms of functioning and directions of agrotourism development m Italy. France, Austria and Germany. The most important requirements that should be fulfilled during creation of good conditions for comfortable stay were pointed as well.

Wybrane aspekty wykorzystania marketingu ekologicznego dla poprawy środowiska naturalnego w Koszalinie

Author(s): Włodzimierz Deluga / Language(s): Polish Issue: 23/2015

The article presents the essence of ecological marketing and characterizes selected environmental problems in the town of Koszalin. The hazards due to emissions of undesirable substances, noise, waste management and water-sewer management are described. While analysing the condition of the environment, a review of major environmental initiatives taken by the local authority, municipal companies and social organizations was carried out.

Przed ćwierćwieczem polskiej agroturystyki: glosa do jubileuszowej publikacji profesor Jolanty Wojciechowskiej

Author(s): Bogusław Stankiewicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 23/2015

Article is a form of duo over the condition of the state of agro tourism in Poland as seen from the economist perspective, deliberately referring with some tune distance, to the commemorative publication of Professor Jolanta Wojciechowska. The concept of selective choice of research matter was adopted - it is primarily the character of the agro tourism as a field of science and its place m the triangle: agriculture: economics of tour-ism, agro tourism and agro tourism modeling for the future purposes. In the article author has proposed set of the most significant topics in macro and micro scale (of the agrotourism company) from the economics view. In the conclusion part was made a comparative analysis of research strategies of the economics of tourism, agro tourism and agricultue on the basis of the literature study.

Projekt zintegrowanego produktu turystycznego „Szlak zdrowia i urody - spotkanie z naturą” w świetle geograficznych uwarunkowań Obszaru Funkcjonalnego Powiśle

Author(s): Ewa Skowronek,Teresa Brzezińska-Wójcik,Marian Harasimiuk,Tomasz Rutkowski,Karolina Szeląg,Andrzej Świeca,Wiesław Czerniec / Language(s): Polish Issue: 23/2015

The Powiśle Lubelskie Functional Area (FA) is distinguished by its exceptional environmental and cultural potential. It features curative microclimate and mineral waters, loess land relief, very attractive landscape of river valleys - the Vistula River and its tributary Bystra, unique geology, and the a huge biodiversity. High natural values became the basis for separating in this area many diverse forms of nature - nature reserves, landscape parks. Nature 2000 areas. In the area there are also dozens of historic objects of high rank, are also organized numerous cultural nationwide events. Based on the area's potential, three network tourist products were developed. Their concept is based on a very large diversity of tourist attractions of the area. Health tourism specialization was selected as the leading. The "Health and Beauty Trail - Meeting Nature" was proposed as the region's key network tourist product. The basis of the product is the tourist potential of Naleczów and Kazimierz Dolny. Health tourism in the context of network products is supported by subproducts (..Naturally Active" - ..Happy Toddler",, Fit and healthy Senior", .Idylic Land". ..Tasty and Healthy", ..Cultural Environment of Health") m the scope of environmental, educational, active, rural, culinary, and cultural tourism. They are combined in a mutually related whole, contributing to the competitiveness of the commercial offer of this Area. The objective of the paper is to propose an integrated tourist product considering the region's tourist potential, and the possibilities each of its components financing from European Union funds. The work on the concept of the integrated tourist product is based on close cooperation between the local tourism organisation "Land of Loess Gullies*", design studio EuroCompass, representatives of the tourist industry, the local community, and the scientific environment represented by the Faculty of Earth Sciences and Spatial Management of the Maria Curie-Skłodowska University. Such cooperation permits the development of a specialised tourist cluster in the area.