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Healthcare in Serbia has been widely subjected to legislative reforms in recent years, with patients' rights protection as an important part of these reforms. The Law on Patients’ Rights was adopted in May 2013 and introduced some changes. The list of the patients' rights was slightly expanded, patients duties further regulated but a fundamental change was introduced in the approach to the patients' rights protection. Advisors for the patients' rights protection were introduced in the local municipalities, dislocating the mechanism of protection from healthcare institutions (as envisaged by previous legislation). Having in mind the relatively short period of implementation of this Law, it is not possible to fully comprehend all its results, but it is possible to single out several dominant issues and implementation challenges. The authors are pointing to both positive and negative aspects of the Law, from the perspective of legal theory, but also basing their conclusions on the preliminary insights into implementation challenges in the context of economic crisis.
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The authors find the purpose of writing this paper in the necessary clarifications of an extremely complex phenomenon which is in the scientific and professional literature known as "police discrimination." This is more so because the issue of police discrimination in local literature has not so far been sufficiently discussed, at least not in the scientific-theoretical and empirical research on this phenomenon. Having in mind that the theoretical and working definition of the object of this research is the first and indispensable step to comprehend the indicators of the tudied phenomenon, it seemed important to us to consider in the work the very concept of police discrimination and the ways of manifestation of this phenomenon. For this purpose, the paper firstly gives a conceptual definition of police discrimination, and then its basic forms and categorization. Our aspiration was to, at least partially, remove certain ambiguities and increase the interest of the academic community to research this phenomenon, not only in the form of its theoretical analysis, but also through its empirical research in Serbian society. The need for this stems primarily from the fact that, in our environment, the empirical studies have not been conducted in a sufficient number that would systematically and comprehensively research the phenomenon of police discrimination, so that a number of indicators of its phenomenon and its extent are mainly the result of suppositions and free estimations.
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The specific organizational and methodological framework of Time-Driven Activity Based Costing (TDABC) includes calculation of two parameters. The first is the capacity cost rate. This rate is calculated as the quotient of the cost of the capacity supplied and practical capacity of the resources supplied. The practical capacity is expressed as the actual time of using the resources for the realization of a business activity. In order to adequately allocate the costs of resources to the cost objects based on the capacity cost rate, it is necessary to determine the time required for the realization of the business activities. The time variable is the basic cost driver and the second key parameter of TDABC. It is determined using time equations. Therefore, the general aim of this paper is to analyze the key organizational and methodological aspects of the implementation and functioning of TDABC, in particular, the ways and the importance of determining the practical capacity, but also the role, importance and the process of creating time equations.
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The aim of this paper is to examine in which way the following factors influence TV owners‟ strategies for the development of television as a business in the turbulent media market of Serbia: 1) the size of the news market and local media environment, 2) the response to technological changes, 3) economic status of the television outlet, and 4) clientelism. For the purpose of this case study, in-depth interviews were conducted with the owners of six local commercial TV stations located in different regions in Serbia. The results show that instead of developing professional resources for a highly competitive media environment, TV owners are fighting for bare survival. However, their strategies for the development of television as a business can be divided into two camps: one group expects the help of the state to overcome financial constraints, while the other seeks to develop e-business and web advertising as models of sustainable growth on the market.
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The paper analyses harmonisation of the semantic content of terms liquidity, solvency and over-indebtedness in legal texts, professional regulation, and national scientific literature in the field of accounting. Despite the fact that professional regulation have a unique and clear position on the issue of the semantic content of terms liquidity and solvency, in legal texts, these terms are not clearly and precisely enough delimited, while scientific literature is full of confusions in respect to these terms. The term over-indebtedness is a term which is used almost daily. However, as this is the term which, as a rule, is not mentioned in financial and accounting literature, business people do not usually attach correct semantic content to this term, nor do they clearly demarcate it in relation to the term solvency, despite the fact that the legislator adequately defined it.
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Inquiry-based instruction is very important for the development of the pupils’ research skills and for easier acquiring of scientific contents. This type of teaching allows the gradual inclusion of pupils in an active learning process that leads to the development and understanding of scientific contents by asking questions and through data analysis and critical thinking. This paper presents the results of the tests of the efficacy of the model of inquiry teaching in the realization of physics contents in the initial teaching of natural sciences. The sample consisted of 112 fourth grade pupils (56 pupils in the experimental group and 56 pupils in the control group) from two elementary schools in Sombor (Serbia). The initial, the final and the repeated knowledge tests are used to measure the quality of knowledge of physics contents. Descriptive, causal and comparative methods were used for results processing. Research results analysis showed that by the use of the model of inquiry teaching higher quality of knowledge was achieved compared to the traditional approaches in the initial teaching of natural sciences.
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Communicative approach, that is communicative language teaching, has been used for many years as the most comprehensive approach in teaching foreign languages. This approach was accepted a long time ago in teaching English, but the demand for new ideas which will improve teaching is always present. Besides the description of the communicative approach to language teaching, this paper pays special attention to group work, as one of the most important techniques in communicative language teaching. The aim of this paper is to give insight into students‟ perceptions towards group work when learning English. Research was conducted by means of a questionnaire administered among the students of the Business School of Applied Studies in Blace upon completing the Business English course in the winter semester of 2014/2015. The questionnaire examines the students‟ attitudes towards group work. After the analysis of the results and a discussion, it was concluded that some of the advantages of group work are creating team spirit, developing creativity, as well as improving communicative competence, while the negative aspects of this type of a teaching method are unequal participation of all the group members, as well as the time necessary for organizing activities in group work. Finally, several pedagogical implications which could be significant for the improvement of teaching a foreign language have been proposed.
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The research interest in school climate began during the middle of last century, while it reached its peak in the following years. The early studies in this field have been focused on the school staff perception of the school organization, as well as on the identification of the factors which contribute most to school efficiency. The students’ views of a school life have become the center of the research interest later on. There is no consensus among the researchers about what school climate actually refers to. School climate refers to different aspects of school life and school organization – the students’ material environment, quality and quantity of interactions in school, academic achievements, support, etc. In this paper, the problem behavior is conceptualized according to Richard Jessor and includes juvenile delinquency, antisocial behavior, risk behaviors, conduct disorder, violence, etc. The results of some of the most relevant studies related to the correlation between school climate and problem behaviors are presented in this paper. Those studies have been focused on different aspects of this correlation such as: the characteristics of the efficient schools, the connection between risk behaviors, coping strategies and school climate, as well as the connection between antisocial behaviors, school crime and gender on one side, and the school climate on the other. There is a wide range of different instruments for school climate assessment, and the most common are presented it this paper.
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The social efforts during the last few decades to make thorough the changes within instructional processes (internal, pedagogical, that is methodical reforms), have resulted, indeed, in substantial positive progresses, but not to the extent previously expected and desired. While the science of didactic teaching should be complimented on its continuous work and theoretical contribution, it is generally felt that methodology has not applied these findings quite sufficiently. This is precisely the reason why the affirmation of methodology and methodological training of teachers is nowadays seen as a major step forward in reformation of upbringing and educating future generations. The main goal of this paper is to make a wider professional and scientific community aware of the latest findings and achievements of a relatively young scientific study (didactic approach to multimedia) and to point out, through good examples from everyday life, a growing trend of abandoning single methodic approaches and to show the need for adopting new teaching strategies, as a necessary precondition for ’awakening’ our education process. The basic feature of any transition, even those found in education, includes substantial and fundamental changes with the aim of modernizing and improving the complete education process.
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A relationship between Ethics as a philosophical discipline and Physical Culture as a scientific discipline was considered in the first part of the paper. Two theories of Ethics which are of significance for the study of morality were presented in the qualitative research approach – Utilitarianism and Deontological Ethics. The results of the empirical research of the students‟ attitudes about certain moral values in physical culture were presented in the second part of the paper. The students‟ attitudes about moral issues in physical culture were examined with the aid of a basic research hypothesis, the attitudes being the product of educational content and pedagogical influences, with regard to: the level of studies and gender of the respondents. The results are in favor of confirming the hypothesis on different moral attitudes depending on the age and gender of the respondents. Further qualitative and quantitative approaches are necessary for a more thorough profiling of moral attitudes in physical culture, with regard to relevant ethical theories.
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This paper discusses the meaning, the role, objectives and possibilities of education of young people on tolerance and inter-ethnic cooperation. It points to the basic problems, forms and causes of interethnic and inter-religious intolerance and conflicts in the contemporary world and the unfavorable social environment in which young people socialize and educate. Special attention is given to the role of education in the development of intercultural and national values as the necessary preconditions for a greater degree of inter-ethnic, inter-religious and universal human understanding, trust, solidarity and cooperation. The main goals and principles of the strategy of pedagogical work significant for the areas of the education of multiculturalism, multiconfessionalism, culture of peace, patriotism and the realization of human rights and freedoms in accordance with the proclaimed humanistic ideals and values of both the modern world and our country are also identified in this paper.
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This paper presents an overview of the most famous definition of metacognition, under which it generally involves cognition about cognition, but this definition provides only the basic identification of metacognition. As an illustration, a tabular framework of metacognition was shown which emphasizes its multidimensionality and includes a whole range of relevant components. The intention of the author was to draw attention to the importance of studying the phenomenon of metacognition, but also to the conceptual and methodological obstacles that stand in the way of improving knowledge in this area. It needs time and there are tasks for metacognitive paradigm to be conceived, realized, and finally to confirm its great explanatory potential.
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The aim of this study was to describe the emotional climate of marriages in Serbia and to describe the changes in the estimated quality of the emotional climate depending on the developmental phase of the family life cycle. In addition, the study examines gender differences in the perceived positive and negative social and emotional exchange in marital interaction and also differences between the spouses who have and those who don’t have children. The study included 456 couples from Serbia, aged 19 to 85 years (ASm = 43.75; ASw = 41, 08). From the total sample of 456 couples, 119 couples do not have children, while others are relatively equally distributed across the developmental stages of the family cycle. To assess the emotional climate of marriage we used Inventory of Affection, Negativity and Sex in Relationships (Huston, Kamenov and Jelić, 2010). The results indicate significant differences in the perceived positive emotional exchange between the partners depending on the developmental phase, in the direction of decline, for both males (F = 2.786, p <.05), and females (F = 5.486, p <.001). On the other hand, the estimated differences in the negative exchange were not significant. We described a trend moving toward a climate saturated with negative exchange, either in the form of hostile relations or a neutral relationship dominated by emotional distance. Women tend to score higher on the perceived positive excange (t = -2131, p <.05), but no gender differences were observed in the perceived negative exchanges. The differences between the couples who have and those who don’t have children weren’t significant, for both positive and negative social and emotional exchanges.
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Behavior problems of people with autism as well as intellectual disability are often shown as the consequence of the frustrations caused by the outer factors and feelings of emotional emptiness which appear as the consequence of reduced social interactions and support or because of a subjective feeling of dissatisfaction with one’s personal life. The number of researches have tried to show the effects of changing the environmeent to the behaviour of the intellectually disabled people, and some results show that it is important to realise that the problems in behaviour are connected to the surrounding conditions, life quality and quantity of the stress present. The housing conditions are of great importance for the quality of life and psychosocial condition of people with autism and intelectual disability. With the aim of giving a quality support to the adult people with autism and intelectual disability it is very important to understand their behaviour and its negative manifestations like aggression and other issues in behaviour better and to deal firstly with their cause, in order to prevent that behaviour, and not focus only on the behaviour as the consequence of the effect of the negative factors. In addition, it is very important that, in situations when such behavioral problems manifest themselves, we apply the appropriate procedures for their removal.
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The feminist critique of Kierkegaard's philosophy usually refers to the same passages of his writing: the accounts of the feminine, ie. passive despair given in The Sickness unto Death, the differences between the feminine and masculine self in The Concept of Anxiety, the accounts of the types of passive existence through selected female literary characters in the first volume of Either/Or and the paternalistic positioning of the women in marriage in the second volume of Either/Or and Stages on Life's Way. However, there are significant dissents even within the feminist interpretations of the stated passages: they are seen as indubious signs of Kierkegaard's misoginy, as a part of an ironic tactics directed at the Church of Denmark and the position of woman it promoted, or as an incentive directed towards the woman, the female reader, to reflect her cultural and historical circumstances. However, the feminist critique overlooks the passages in which Kierkegaard speaks of specific individuals: his contemporaries Thomasine Gyllembourg and Johanne Heiberg, and the Virgin Mary. One can conclude from these passages that Kierkegaard's sexism stays limited to the typologies and his choice of metaphores, while his demand directed to female individuals stays as rigorous as his demand directed to individuals in general: to fight for their freedom, as well as for their authenticity, on their own, without blending into mass movements of any kind.
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"Nauka o upravi" Borče Davitovski, Ana Pavlovska-Daneva i Zoran Lončar.
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Zbornik radova „UČITELJ U POGRANIČJU ISTOČNE I JUGOISTOČNE SRBIJE“
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