(Auto)percepcja tożsamości w ujęciu współczesnej młodzieży na podstawie Oblicza Szymona Kołody

Author(s): Aneta Judzińska / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2018

The author, by taking into account popular and scientificdiscourse about “liquid”, “globalized” identity (viewed inthe context of various social and family roles), attempts toreconstruct an image of a contemporary teenager’s identity,referring to “The Face”, a 2-minute impression by seventeenyear old Szymon Kołoda. On this basis she showsareas of participation of contemporary young people, whobalance between two realities: the real and the virtual one.The author supports her reasoning with the concept of hybrididentity by Zygmunt Bauman and the global teenager/ culture of diffusion by Zbyszko Melosik. The aim of thisarticle is to make a subjective, socio-psychological interpretationof identity creations present in Szymon Kołoda’spicture, rather than psychological diagnosis of the teenageactor’s “inner integrity”.

A Call to Action: Gaps in Dietary Awareness among Pregnant Women in North Eastern Romania

Author(s): Ioana Sadiye SCRIPCARIU,Mihaela GRIGORE,Lorena BALCAN,Antoneta Dacia Petroaie / Language(s): English / Issue: 69/2020

Living in a digital era when most women can enjoy the benefits of easy access to a wealth of online information does not guarantee that mothers-to-bear aware of healthy dietary and nutrition recommendations for pregnancy and the lactation period. Our study aimed to survey the awareness of pregnant women from urban and rural North Eastern Romania in order to identify potential knowledge gaps or misconceptions and suggest solutions to achieve adequate information. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 100 women in the third trimester of pregnancy from both rural and urban parts of NE Romania. A questionnaire was designed to collect data on general socio-demographic characteristics and the women's ability to recognize relevant recommendations for diet and nutrition during pregnancy and lactation. The survey was conducted in 2018 and the data was analysed with SPSS version 16. The mean age of the respondents was 29.8. Overall, they were not entirely aware of the appropriate weight gain during pregnancy, the role of iodine or vitamin D in fetus development, the recommended daily intake of dairy products, or the food sources for iron, folic acid, and fatty acids. Moreover, urban women (51%) seemed better informed overall than those from the countryside (49%) (p<0.001): significant knowledge discrepancies were found regarding awareness of recommended caloric increase during pregnancy (p=0.0087), number of meals per day (0.0230), or the benefits of iron (p<0.0001), calcium (p=0.0192), and folic acid (p=0.0238) in the diet. Our study provides insight into the awareness of pregnant women in NE Romania with regard to relevant diet and nutrition topics, as well as certain disparities between women from urban vs. rural areas. The results can help inform educational measures aiming to address knowledge needs and promote healthy dietary habits during such important periods as pregnancy and lactation.

A Continuum of Approaches to School Inspections: Cases from Europe

Author(s): Rossitsa Simeonova,Yonka Parvanova,Martin Brown,Gerry McNamara,Sarah Gardezi,Joe O’Hara,Laura Del Castillo Blanco,Zacharoula Kechri,Eleni Beniata / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2020

School inspection systems have undergone a transformation in response to the changing social and economic scenarios across Europe. However, two major approaches can easily be identified that also define the two ends of the continuum of the approaches to school inspection. On one end is a high stake sanctions oriented inspection while on the other end is the low stakes advisory inspection. The elements that contribute to the rigour of school inspection include governance arrangements, statutory powers of the inspectorate including powers of sanction, the forms and frequency of inspection visits, the level of emphasis on school self-evaluation and action planning for improvement; and availability of support services for the schools. The current paper presents four cases from Europe: Bulgaria, Ireland, Greece and Spain (Extremadura) describing how school inspection is organised in these countries as defined in the governing legislation and to which end of the continuum their inspection system is tilted in the light of that case’s performance on the above indicators. Towards the end, this paper makes a comparison of the cases and suggests why the relationship of trust and respect between inspectors and the inspected is stronger in some cases and how developing inspection systems can benefit from analysing the established systems.

A családszerkezet etnikai sajátosságai és az exogám házasságok mintázatai Szlovákiában

Author(s): Branislav Šprocha / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 3/2019

Ethnic affiliation is an important factor in family and reproductive behaviour and it also has an important role in assortative mating. The historical presence of numerous ethnic groups, especially of Hungarian and Roma background in certain regions of Slovakia, raises the question of how they differ in some selected population communities (e.g. age, education, economic activity, religion) and whether there are differences according to their place of residence (e.g. size of municipalities). In this study we tried to point out the existing differences in fertility levels and the parity structure of women in relation to ethnicity, education and place of residence. Other important questions that we analyse in our paper are the differences in family formation in connection to ethnicity. For this purpose, we use not only marital status but also census results by households. In the last part of the study we examine the issue of ethnic exogamy.

A dive into copresence and presence literature

Author(s): Raluca Creangă / Language(s): English / Issue: 02/2019

his paper reviews the origins and definitions of copresence and social presence in the writings of Heidegger, Goffman, Short, Zhao, among other significant authors. It distinguishes the types of copresence and social presence while examining their meanings and implications. In the existing discussions about the extensive presence of technology into human activities, the concept of copresence is strongly connected with the concept of social presence. In some researches, they are presented as synonyms, while in others they are exposed as related concepts. Taking into consideration the researches of Short (1976) and Zhao (2003), I highlight that the concept of social presence represents a sense of copresence (Zhao, 2002) and I argue the importance of this perspective might be helpful for explaining the complicated realms of existing technological situations and social experiences. Recent literature combines copresence and social presence under the concept of social copresence, that expands the previous definitions for enabling the research of smart devices.

A GENERALIZED EXPONENTIAL TYPE ESTIMATOR OF POPULATION MEAN IN THE PRESENCE OF NON-RESPONSE

Author(s): Siraj Muneer,Javid Shabbir,Alamgir Khalil / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2018

In this article, we propose a class of generalized exponential type estimators to estimate the finite population mean by using two auxiliary variables under non-response in simple random sampling. The proposed estimator under non-response in different situations has been studied and gives minimum mean square error as compared to all other considered estimators. Usual exponential ratio type estimator, exponential product type estimator and many more estimators are also identified from the proposed estimator. We use three real data sets to obtain the efficiencies of estimators.

A Global Pandemic in India

Author(s): Divya Susan Varkey / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2020

The Covid19 pandemic has been declared the worst pandemic since the Spanish Flu.Most countries globally are, at the time of submitting this paper, in a battle to keep their deathrates down. While a lot of the measures taken by countries are common, as suggested by theWorld Health Organization, most countries have communicated and implemented these measures in starkly different ways, some highly nuanced by culture. This paper is an attempt to analyze how cultural values have influenced these communications and implementation of measures in India, where the stakes are particularly high due to a large and dense population.

A Group Portrait of “Media War Criminals”

Slobodan Vuković, Serbs in the Narrative of the West – “Humanitarian” NATO Intervention, Volume I and II; Sremski Karlovci – Novi Sad: Izdavačka knjižarnica Zorana Stojanovića; Beograd: Institut društvenih nauka, 2018, 967 pp.

Author(s): Slobodan R. Reljić / Language(s): English,Serbian / Issue: 4/2019

This is a opinion / review of Slobodan Vuković’s book that provides 1) a detailed overview of how Western media reported on the war in the SFR Yugoslavia, and 2) meaningful synthesis that confronts the reader with the nature of this local conflict with global ramifications.

A közmunkások helyzete és a közfoglalkoztatás szerepe az Ormánságban

Author(s): Zsuzsanna Pulszter / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 2/2020

This study presents the results of participatory observation research in one of the most disadvantaged regions of Hungary, Ormansag in South Baranya, in the district of Sellye, related to public employment. The examined field has a high proportion of the low-skilled population with an unfavourable socio-cultural situation, a high unemployment rate, a significant number of people employed in—to put it in common parlance—public works, and this is well reflected in the structure of local society. Public employment means a very low income, a wage level below the minimum wage, the primary labour market is characterized by a lack of jobs, and due to the multiple marginalized situation, many are stuck in the public employment system for decades, although public employment was originally intended to serve as a transit employment only. In addition to exploring the situation, the study discusses the practical implementation of public employment programs, the perception of public workers, the employer environment and many other aspects that are related to public works based on the experience in the Sellye district.

A LITERATURE REVIEW ON THE PSYCHOLOGICAL, SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF INCOME INEQUALITY

Author(s): DONCENCO Igor / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2017

This paper provides a summary of current theories and relevant studies on income inequality conducted in the last 10 years. Excessive income inequality is one of the most painful and controversial topics for modern society. A person with high self-awareness has the ability to anticipate his real possibilities, the meanings of the “I”, manifested as a result of actions, and the inequality that generates deprivation among significant groups of the population causes a sense of helplessness, the inability to improve one’s situation, and adversely affects the socio-psychological state of the individual and society. In this case, it not only serves as a source of psychological tension, but also deforms the motivation for social behaviour.

A NEW METHOD FOR COVARIATE SELECTION IN COX MODEL

Author(s): Nader Ebrahimi,Ujjwal Das / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2018

In a wide spectrum of natural and social sciences, very often one encounters a large number of predictors for time to event data. An important task is to select right ones, and thereafter carry out the analysis. The l1 penalized regression, known as “least absolute shrinkage and selection operator" (LASSO) became a popular approach for predictor selection in last two decades. The LASSO regression involves a penalizing parameter (commonly denoted by l) which controls the extent of penalty and hence plays a crucial role in identifying the right covariates. In this paper we propose an information theory-based method to determine the value of l in association with the Cox proportional hazards model. Furthermore, an efficient algorithm is discussed in the same context. We demonstrate the usefulness of our method through an extensive simulation study. We compare the performance of our proposal with existing methods. Finally, the proposed method and the algorithm are illustrated using a real data set.

A Pilot Study on the Implementation of the GENER@T Program

Author(s): Ainoa MATEOS INCHAURRONDO,Aida URREA MONCLUS,Juan LLANES ORDONEZ,Daniela COJOCARU / Language(s): English / Issue: 68/2020

This study analyses the effects of the "GENER@T" Program concerning the prevention of dating violence in adolescents. The study’s main aim is to know the impact of the program on students and teachers, assessing the effectiveness and adequacy of the program, as well as the satisfaction of the agents involved. A total number of 62 adolescents have participated in the study, all from 2nd year Secondary School classes, plus five teachers. The design of the evaluative study has followed a multi-method approach with a descriptive-comprehensive purpose. It combines techniques of quantitative data collection (pre-test and post-test) and qualitative one (students: portfolio and focus group, teachers: focus groups and diary). The implementation and evaluation of such a program in a secondary school, this has meant an educational innovation. The results point to high levels of satisfaction with the program, as well as a higher awareness of the implications of dating violence among adolescents.

A Political Act in the E-Society: Digital Vigilantism and Swarms

Author(s): Augustė Dementavičienė / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2019

The main aim of this article is, by using the case of digital vigilantism, to analyze what new challenges could occur in the E-society and how understanding of the self and self-act is changing during the process when more and more new technologies are integrated in people’s everyday life. The swarm is a metaphor which Zygmunt Bauman uses to show how the understanding of communities is changed in liquid modernity. Swarms are based on untied, uncontrolled, short-term relationships between consumers/users to achieve some goals. Swarms could be massive in numbers and have a lot of power for a very short period. One of the examples could be digital vigilantism, which is an act of punishing certain citizens (they are believed to deserve punishment) by other Internet users. One example of DV would be to put personal information on display to spread shaming acts. The problem is that people are interested in some actions for a very short time, but the political act/change requires an active and stable effort. Despite the phenomenon of DV not getting much attention from the field of political science or political philosophy, it provides us with some insights about the current changes in our understanding of politics and the concept of what is “political” as well as inviting us to reconsider the idea of swarms as put forward by Bauman.

A Study of the Effect of Social Responsibility on Cost of Capital and Reputation of a Retailing Company

Author(s): Kunhui CHEN,Anxin XU,Jingjing WU,Qiong-E ZHENG / Language(s): English / Issue: 69/2020

The emerging ideology of social responsibility in past years results in many enterprises actively investing in corporate social responsibility related policies, expecting to promote people’s positive image through the improvement of living environment and the care of the public. Although the practice of corporate social responsibility would not necessarily bring in significant benefits in short period, it, in long period, could achieve the vision of sustainable development and promote corporate reputation through external benefits to acquire more supporters and further enhance the profits, promote the international competitive advantage, and reduce the market opinions of corporate business risk of the company to acquire lower cost of capital. In this study, the owners and senior executives of the Shenzhen Stock Exchange's listed in retail industry were investigated. A total of 300 copies of questionnaire are distributed for this study, and 227 valid copies are retrieved, with the retrieval rate 76%. According to the results, suggestions are proposed, expecting to induce retailing managers’ new motives and incentives to execute corporate social responsibility related policies and effectively inhibit the increase in cost of capital and the decrease in corporate reputation.

A Study on the Awareness of Reflective History in Education: The Case of Nicosia

Author(s): Savas GUNGOR,Nuran OZE,Gokhan OKUR / Language(s): English / Issue: 69/2020

This study was carried out in Nicosia to evaluate the society’s awareness of history reflected in education. The research was conducted to determine the differentiated historical effects through education to create the city brand identity of, Nicosia, symbolizing both the northern and southern parts. Semiotics and descriptive analysis techniques, which are among qualitative research methods, were used. The fact that there has been no research in terms of city brand identity reflected through education covering both the northern and southern parts of Nicosia makes the study unique. This research aims to promote interdisciplinary social representation that addresses the ways in which social and cultural respond to the needs of the people on the island as a whole after obtaining history lessons through education. Both Greek and Turkish society chosen randomly has revealed information about the city identity and brand identity regarding their history education. It was found out that all of the participants learnt the traces of many different civilizations dominated the island of Cyprus are the common intersection points of the city. Therefore, an integrated logo was proposed as a graphic design study for the city brand identity as a reflection of history teaching and learning, which may cover all of the northern and southern parts’ cultural symbols of Nicosia.

A Study on the Correlations among Elder Volunteers’ Participation Motivation, Happiness, and Intention of Continuous Participation

Author(s): Guiqing Zhang,Qiuqin Zheng,Jingjing WU,Qiuqin Zheng,Decong TANG / Language(s): English / Issue: 68/2020

Elder retirement volunteers, as the major manpower source of various organizations, not only present rich experiences and abundant working hours, maintain traditional rules, and cherish service opportunities, but also enjoy playing altruistic roles. For this reason, understanding elder volunteers’ participation motivation and enhancing the job satisfaction to promote the intention of continuous service could avoid the loss of elder volunteers. Aiming at elder volunteers of Fujian Volunteers Association, total 300 copies of questionnaire are distributed for this study and total 226 valid copies are retrieved, with the retrieval rate 75%. The research results reveal significant positive effects of participation motivation on happiness, happiness on intention of continuous participation, and participation motivation on intention of continuous participation. According to the results, suggestions are proposed in this study, expecting to encourage and maintain elder retirees’ continuous service by the participation motivation and the enhancement of volunteer happiness to further promote the service efficiency of organizations, under current manpower shortage.

A Study on the Effect of Law Education on Attitude toward Rule of Law based on the Perspective of Legal Knowledge

Author(s): Jiyan WANG / Language(s): English / Issue: 69/2020

The rapid advance of technology in past decade results in the constant emergence of distinct new-style infringement of rights, under the lack of proper regulations. The meaning of law education lies in having people understand the precious and importance of law and further abide the law. Law and education are the important partners to guarantee the basic freedom of humans. To construct a complete society, preparation and training are the most important; and, preparation and training are based on education. Aiming at college students in Guangxi Province, as the research objects, total 360 copies of questionnaire are distributed, and 267 valid copies are retrieved, with the retrieval rate 74%. The research results conclude significantly positive correlations between 1. law education and legal knowledge, 2.legal knowledge and attitude toward rule of law, and 3. law education and attitude toward rule of law. According to the research results, suggestions are proposed, expecting to help root domestic law education and cultivate students’ correct legal knowledge and good attitude toward rule of law to really practice it in life.

A Study on the Key Factors of Labor Migration and Willingness to Return to Rural Areas Using ANP: A Case Study of Western China

Author(s): Zhihong TANG,Lun ZHAO,Xianyong Zhou / Language(s): English / Issue: 69/2020

As a result of the limitations of the development stage and the historical process, the existence of an urban-rural dual structure in China inevitably causes rural areas to fall into a cycle of labor loss, aging and low education levels, which leads to poverty and weakness and restricts further modernization in China. To solve the imbalance of urban and rural development and the loss of rural “nutrients”, many countries, including China, have successively proposed development strategies for rural revitalization. This study selected urban returnees from Sichuan, Guizhou and Yunnan Provinces as the objects of a questionnaire analysis. In this study, 231 valid questionnaires were collected from 300 samples, for a recovery rate of 77%. The results of the study are as follows. 1) The most important dimension in the assessment is that of external environment, followed by individuals and families and then social network. 2) Among the 12 evaluation indexes, the top five indicators that are most valued are hometown economy, age, value identity, hometown culture, and children or parents. According to these results, the authors put forward suggestions and hopes for exploring the policy requirements necessary to make the formulation and implementation of relevant supporting policies more in line with the actual needs.

About Power and Control in Aggressive Relationships

Author(s): Gabriela Irimescu,Mihaela Rădoi,Atena Gaspar de Almeida Santos / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2019

Power denotes the ability to take decisions for you and for the others, to influence, to control. Power is manifested in any type of relationships; it creates patterns, hierarchies, rules and models. Distributed inequitably, owned by only one family member, the power and imbalance created by it can lead to a tense, unhealthy, frustrating environment for the one or those who do not hold power. Gambling with power and the desire to control the partner, the relationship and the family life will lead, in units of time subjectively perceived by the involved actors, to an intra- marital war, a battle with no winners but only with losers. The present study is based on both the theory of learned helplessness, as it is presented by Lenore Walker (1988, 2009, 2012) in her studies about the Battered Woman Syndrome as well as the theory of the power and control wheel, described by Dutto and Starzomski (1997) and used in the Duluth4 model. In this paper the power is analyzed as a form of capture of the woman in a model of control used by the man to dominate her. In this algorithm the power is not singular but preceded, accompanied or followed by other techniques such as intimidation, isolation and threat. Within the control-power dynamics investigated in the present study the fear is a winner: it takes the shape of loss, mistrust, blackmail, manipulation or compromise, fear is creating dependence, is blocking or freeing the victim from the power and control game, fear is also the key element in learned helplessness.

ACADEMIC RESEARCH ACTIVITY OF THE SMALL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF UKRAINE MEMBERS AS ONE OF THE DIRECTIONS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF STEM-EDUCATION

Author(s): Oksana Mandrazhy,Alona Lemekhova,Tetiana Likhnovska / Language(s): English,Polish / Issue: 2/2019

The article describes the research process of student members of the Kharkov Small Academy of Sciences of Ukraine using differential equations in the study of natural phenomena. The studied issue was the dependence of the wind speed on the path it traveled into the thick of the forest. Mathematical problem was formulated practical and theoretical calculations were carried out. The work corresponds to certain areas and approaches to building training within the framework of STEM-education, which at the present stage of education development in Ukraine is actively discussed and is gradually being introduced into the learning process.