Adolescent Peer Groups And Drug Abuse

Author(s): Ivana D. Radovanović,Danijela V. Spasić,Dobrivoje M. Radovanović / Language(s): English,Serbian / Issue: 4/2019

Drug abuse is an important problem of the modern age. Impact that drug abuse has on society, the state and the health of individuals requires fundamental and urgent scientific research on all its aspects. Research into the etiology of drug abuse in the youth population in Serbia is one of such projects. This research was carried out on a representative sample of 1,287 secondary school students in Belgrade, divided into two groups: drug abusers and those who do not have contact with drugs. The aim of this paper was to identify risk factors within peer groups that could have a predictive value and serve as a basis for preventive interventions. Data analysis was done with canonical discriminant analysis, separately for boys and girls. The results of the study have shown that among adolescents there are three forms of drug abuse: 1) use only, 2) use and distribution, and 3) drug distribution only. The predicates of these behaviors belonging to peer groups are: the pressure by group on members to use drugs, the perception of an individual that members of the group use drugs, the use of alcohol in the group, the involvement of certain members of the group in crime, and the positive attitude of members of the group towards law violations. Predictive effects of these variables vary depending on the type of drug abuse and of the gender of respondents.

ADVERSITY ENCOUNTERED ON THE ROAD TO GENDER DIVERSITY – WOMEN AND MEN IN HIGH BUSINESS POSITIONS AND IN SCIENTIFIC DOMAINS

Author(s): Joanna Pyrkosz-Pacyna / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2019

Introduction to the special issue.

After Late Modernity: Possible Scenarios for Future Social Changes

Author(s): Marta Juza / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2019

Contemporary society is currently undergoing milestone transformations. Many are the signs that modernity is moving into the background, no longer the dominant form of social order. This phase of decline is connected to numerous problems: a sense of uncertainty, a normative crisis, or, in other words, a state of anomie. The question therefore arises as to what comes next. If anomie is perceived as an illness, then three further scenarios are possible: the end of the world, crisis as a permanent state of affairs, or a healthy “recovery” which would entail the emergence and stabilization of a new type of society. This article presents all three of these variants: a society scattered across a network form of social order, a social order based upon a new type of community, and an order which, on a broad scale, incorporates nonhuman objects within human societies.

Aktywność wolnoczasowa seniorów jako profilaktyka, terapia, jako styl i sens życia

Author(s): Anna Panek / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 3/2007

Aleksander Lazursky’s personality concept: from inclinations to relations. Problem of personality: Petersburg School of Psychology

Author(s): Dmitry Leontiev / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2019

The article discusses the dynamics of psychological viewsof A.F. Lazursky (1874-1917), author of one of the first theoriesof personality in the world of psychology. There aretwo stages in Lazursky’s work: the first is associated withthe concept of nature as an internal individually-typologicalbasis of personality, and the second one is determinedby introduction and more intensive development of ideasabout an attitude towards the world as an important componentof the personality structure. The primary aim of thearticle is to highlight the role of Lazursky in internationalpsychology.

ALKOHOLIZM ZAGROŻENIEM DLA ŻYCIA RODZINNEGO. STUDIUM NA PODSTAWIE ŚWIADECTW SŁUCHACZY RADIOWEJ „GODZINY RÓŻAŃCOWEJ” O. JUSTYNA FIGASA

Author(s): Józef Bożek / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 26/2019

The article was based on letters written by listeners, Polish immigrants, to“The Rosary Hour” – the world’s oldest Catholic radio program in Polish in theUnited States and Canada. The publication shows the dire influence of alcoholon the mental, moral and material life of families.The listeners wrote, among others, about the problem of alcohol abuse byfathers, mothers or both parents. On the basis of correspondence, one canimagine their homes being miserable places where insults, curses and childabuse reign supreme. Drunkenness is the cause of aggression towards wives,husbands and children and can further cause anxiety, uncertainty, hatred, mental breakdown, divorce and material poverty.Fr. Justin Figas, in his instructions, indicated how to overcome the addiction ofdrunkenness. He called for prayer, fasting and the vow of sobriety. He advised toseek help from the parish priest, report alcoholism to the police and to refer the compulsive drunkard for compulsory treatment. The priest’s indications and catechesiswere effective: they changed the alcoholic and motivated them to live in sobriety.

An Overview Of The New Media Role
In Original Literature Publishing In Slovakia During The First Decade Of The New Millennium And Shortly After

Author(s): Marián Grupač / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2020

Public publishing space for authors of original contemporary literature in Slovakia has changed and expanded significantly in the last three decades since 1989. Due to the development and use of modern technologies and the existence of digital virtual space, nowadays the authors of Slovak literature can publish their texts in many more media than before 1989, and almost without any limitations. However, the literary, aesthetic, cultural or fundamental artistic relevance of such contributions is in many cases controversial. In the context of the publication space of new media, internet portals and online literary magazines often publish without deeper critical selection and (often even minimal objective literary-critical reflection almost everything delivered to their editorial mailbox as by ambitious writers?), as well by those whose works are lacking basic literary talent and the necessary creativity.
 The paper maps the situation in the area of publishing original literature, especially poetry, in Slovakia at the beginning of the 21st century in the context of the use of new media and modern digital technologies.

Analiza rozwoju Sieradza na podstawie interpretacji zdjęć lotniczych i waloryzacji przestrzeni z wykorzystaniem elementów teorii zbiorów rozmytych

Author(s): Mariola Matuszewska,Krzysztof Będkowski / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 4/2019

The spread of cities poses a serious urbanisation and natural challenge and significantly affects the quality of life of the inhabitants. The aim of the study was to examine the possibility of analysing the spread of the city of Sieradz based on the interpretation of multi-temporal aerial imagery from the years 1959, 1996 and 2015, and the topographical object database. There are 22 land cover classes that are attributed with coefficients determining their degree of belonging to the urban use of space. The area of the city is divided into hexagonal primary fields (1 ha) and the proportion of different forms of land use is determined and the M indicator calculated, which determines to what extent each primary field belongs to the urban way of space use. The primary fields were than classified into three zones: urban (0.5 < M ≤ 1.0), transitional (0.3 ≤ M ≤ 0.5) or rural (0 ≤ M < 0.3). Maps of the increment of this indicator in the test periods were made also. In the city there were consistently predominant areas with a rural nature of space use, because Sieradz has a large share of farmland, grassy vegetation, woodland and trees, orchards, plantations and gardens. Over time, however, the city area of typical urban use is increasing, which is mainly in the central and eastern part of the city and is clearly approaching its southern border, confirming the expansion of urban development to peripheral areas. By the year 1996 the growth of the M indicator took place mainly in the central part of the city, and in the next period revealed the clear “islands” of this growth quite distant from the centre. During the period 1959–1996 in Sieradz an early stage of the development of urban sprawl is noticeable – mainly progressive construction near the railway. However, in later years, the increase in accessibility to car transport was the cause of a deeping phenomenon of “urban sprawl” into the peripheral areas, causing a lively development of the suburbs. Studies have shown that urban sprawl also applies to mid-sized cities and confirms the suitability of archive aerial imagery and studies made using fuzzy sets theory to analyse the urban sprawl. The method used is relatively simple to use and can be fully automated.

Analysis of the discourse on education and rehabilitation of persons with multiple disabilities in the Czech Republic

Author(s): Tomasz Kasprzak,Tomasz Kasprzak / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2019

At the core of the Czech education system and rehabilitationfor people with multiple disabilities to the assumptionthat this is a group that requires a specialized approach tothis issue. The main purpose of the text is to present the organizationof education of people with multiple disability inthe Czech Republic. Education and rehabilitation with theparticipation of people with multiple disabilities encouragesto undertake research related to the dynamics of changesas well as their size. This work is an attempt to show howvarious factors have shaped the current form of educationof people with multiple disability in the Czech Republic.

ANALYSIS OF THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL CHARTER AND ITS IMPORTANCE FOR THE PROTECTION OF SELECTED GROUPS OF WORKING WOMEN

Author(s): Zdenka Dudić,Branislav Dudić,Branka Agbaba / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2020

Both the 1961 European Social Charter and its revised version of 1996 constitute international social and economic rights treaties ratified by the Member States of the Council of Europe. Together with the European Treaty for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, they are the cornerstones of the contractual system for the protection of human rights in the member countries of the Council of Europe. Moreover, these contracts have contributed significantly to the development of European human rights standards in the areas of personal management, labour law and social security law. Nevertheless, it receives minimal attention from legal theorists. This leads to problems in its interpretation in practice. Through scientific and doctrinal interpretation, authors examine the various provisions of the European Social Charter. They seek answers to practical application problems through scientific literature as well as the case-law of the European Court of Justice. The aim and result of the authors’ work is to examine individual documents, to compare them and analyse the differences. The aim of the authors' work is also to evaluate the impact of the case law of the European Court of Justice in connection with the implementation of the Charter into the legal order as well as application practice. The benefit of this article is also the analysis of the impact of the Charter on the rights of working women.

Aniversări

Author(s): Ilie Moise / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 21/2007

Doina Blaga la 60 de ani (I. M.); Horst Klusch la 80 de ani (I. M.); Gheorghiţă Geană la aniversare (I. M.); Ovidiu Bârlea '90 (I. M.); Centenar: Mihai Pop (I. M.) ; Centenar: Traian Herseni (Gh. Pavelescu)

Anomia

Author(s): Michał Kaczmarczyk / Language(s): Polish / Publication Year: 0

The first world encyclopaedic guidebook to the most important problems of the sociology of law. It contains nearly one hundred and fifty entries written by eminent Polish and foreign scholars. It is an excellent source of knowledge of the role and importance of law in social life. It sketches portraits of the most distinguished authors of legal sociology and presents their scientific achievements. It also discusses law subcultures, punitive justice, anthropology and atrophy of law, the destruction of norms, the iuridisation of social life, law nihilism, praxeology and feminist sociology of law.

Antropologia prawa

Author(s): Michał Kaczmarczyk / Language(s): Polish / Publication Year: 0

The first world encyclopaedic guidebook to the most important problems of the sociology of law. It contains nearly one hundred and fifty entries written by eminent Polish and foreign scholars. It is an excellent source of knowledge of the role and importance of law in social life. It sketches portraits of the most distinguished authors of legal sociology and presents their scientific achievements. It also discusses law subcultures, punitive justice, anthropology and atrophy of law, the destruction of norms, the iuridisation of social life, law nihilism, praxeology and feminist sociology of law.

Applying Big Data Analysis to Discuss the Elderly Social Welfare Service Use Condition and the Relevant Factors

Author(s): Zhi-Ping HOU,Zhi-Fei CHEN,Yu-Zhou LUO / Language(s): English / Issue: 68/2020

The advance of medical technology and the change in living environment gradually prolong the life expectancy of humans to constantly increase the elderly population in the world. Relevant demands and problems derived from aging are therefore getting emphasized. To cope with the elderly needs, the government sequentially promotes welfare service. Nevertheless, it is still discovered that the welfare service use rate of the elderly is rather low, not achieving the estimated demand. Aiming at the elderly in Guilin, the data in this study are collected and analyzed from social welfare related open information platforms and the analyses and research, publications, or database of government agencies. The relevant data are integrated, analyzed, discussed, and applied to understand the effects of indicators and further activate the utilization of data. The research results show remarkable correlations between redisposing factors and service use condition, enabling factors and service use condition, and demand factors and service use condition. According to the results, suggestions are proposed, expecting to comprehensively understand the elderly social welfare service use conditions and identify the factors in the elderly service use so as to examine the match of the elderly welfare service with the elderly needs to develop the maximal function of social welfare service.

Art&science

Autoetnografia artystki realizującej projekty w laboratoriach biologicznych

Author(s): Karolina Żyniewicz / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 3/2017

The aim of the text is to present the use of the analytical autoethnographic method in studying the “art&science” phenomenon. It is attempt to show that the role of the artist can combine with the role of the ethnographer. The objects of study are the multilevel relations emerging during the realization of artistic projects in biological laboratories. These relations concern both humans (the artist, the scientists) and non-humans (laboratory organisms, equipment). On the basis of actor-network theory, the author presents how the liminal status of ethnographic research is modified when it connects with art. The form of conducting the research is both an example of activity in the art and science field and a new methodological proposal for the study of science and technology.

Atrofia prawa

Author(s): Andrzej Kojder / Language(s): Polish / Publication Year: 0

The first world encyclopaedic guidebook to the most important problems of the sociology of law. It contains nearly one hundred and fifty entries written by eminent Polish and foreign scholars. It is an excellent source of knowledge of the role and importance of law in social life. It sketches portraits of the most distinguished authors of legal sociology and presents their scientific achievements. It also discusses law subcultures, punitive justice, anthropology and atrophy of law, the destruction of norms, the iuridisation of social life, law nihilism, praxeology and feminist sociology of law.

Attachment Formation within Adoptive Families and Post-Adoption Support

Author(s): N. Mihoc,Gabriela Dima / Language(s): English / Issue: 1-Suppl/2020

This study aims to explore the experience of the adoptive families related to the attachment formation with the adopted child. Existing post-adoption services are explored. The study design is qualitative and triangulated the data from interviews with 11 adoptive parents, with a wide range of attachment relationship experience, from observation within a support group for adoptive parents, from interviews with specialists working in the statutory and private sector in the adoption field, and from social documents. Data analysis made use of the thematic analysis and storytelling. The key factors facilitating the attachment process are discussed and several recommendations for post-adoption services are made.

Attitudes of the student population and the Serbian intellectual diaspora members about the causes and consequences of the Serbian “brain drain” phenomenon

An Overview of the Results of the Empirical Research

Author(s): Dragana Lj. Mitrović / Language(s): English,Serbian / Issue: 1/2020

Currently unfolding before us is the process of globalization, which has led to the networking of the global society and the intensification of transnational mobility of human educational capital. In the conditions of regional and class division, the process of asymmetrical globalization is also reflected in the unequal labour exchange in the gray matter market between countries belonging to different areas of the global world system. Of course, Serbia today is also under the effect of the aforementioned process. The subjects of this paper are the global, regional and national causes and consequences of the brain drain from Serbia and the innovative-creative potential of the Serbian intellectual diaspora for the development of Serbia and the protection of its interests in the contemporary world. This research is of a multidisciplinary character – sociological-demographical, ethno-culturological and communicological. Following the dictates of the so-called integral paradigm, efforts have been made to obtain valid results for scientific conclusions through a unity of theoretical problematization and synthesis of the results derived from empirical research. The paper consists of the analysis and interpretation of the results of empirical research done on the topic of causes and consequences of the brain drain, as well as the potential of the Serbian intellectual diaspora, conducted on a two-fold sample: one part consisting of the student population of Serbia and the other of the Serbian intellectual diaspora. The focus of the research was on the beliefs of the respondents regarding the motives, causes and consequences of the brain drain happening in Serbia, as well as the motives and the possibilities for the return to the native country. The sample consists of more than 950 respondents (545 students from Serbia and 413 diaspora members). The results of the research have shown that students and members of the Serbian intellectual diaspora hold identical beliefs regarding the perception of the main cause behind the brain drain in Serbia, with both groups citing the economic underdevelopment of the country and low levels of the quality of life, with both of the aforementioned factors influencing the ability to keep cadres within the country or to encourage their return. Of course, this fact is also conditioned by, among other things, the level of Serbia’s involvement in the processes of globalization, as well as by its position in the contemporary division of labour. The very end of the paper also highlights the program of possible measures and recommendations which have an action-oriented character, for the purpose of resolving this problem and creating a new policy regarding diaspora.

Aubert Vilhelm (7 VI 1922–19 VII 1988)

Author(s): Andrzej Kojder / Language(s): Polish / Publication Year: 0

The first world encyclopaedic guidebook to the most important problems of the sociology of law. It contains nearly one hundred and fifty entries written by eminent Polish and foreign scholars. It is an excellent source of knowledge of the role and importance of law in social life. It sketches portraits of the most distinguished authors of legal sociology and presents their scientific achievements. It also discusses law subcultures, punitive justice, anthropology and atrophy of law, the destruction of norms, the iuridisation of social life, law nihilism, praxeology and feminist sociology of law.

Aukštesnės vidurinės klasės skyrimo kriterijai

Author(s): Meilutė Taljūnaitė / Language(s): Lithuanian / Issue: 4/2019

Each country has its own criteria for the upper middle class. On the other hand, it is clear that even the general principles that define the middle class in different countries differ markedly between them. The US and British criteria are often compared. The role of the family as an element of social stratification is important in the British upper middle class model. The article advocates the influence of family stratification on the formation of the upper (and not only) middle class in Lithuania. Not only does the upper middle class have self-employment, its income is above average and it has higher education, it also influences, identifies trends and fundamentally shapes public opinion (an aspect of its ‘social role’). The broad upper middle class is not so much a guarantor of the welfare state but of social stability in the country.