Discrimination based on Religion or Belief in the Field of Work

Author(s): Filip T. Turčinović,Vera P. Bakić,Sanja N. Stojković Zlatanović / Language(s): English,Serbian / Issue: 4/2020

The paper aims to research the necessity of the policy and legal protection of freedom of religion at the workplace, as well as to support the prevention of discrimination of the employees on grounds of religion. The sociological and legal normative method regarding the implementation of the international principle of Dignity at Work, accompanied by the integrated and holistic approach in the research, has been applied. The basic research questions are defined as follows – whether the majority, declarative guarantee of freedom of religion by the provisions of the Constitution, as well as by positive legal documents, is sufficient for the protection against religious discrimination in the domain of labour, and how to increase the scope and level of individual protection of freedom of religious expression, in a way not jeopardizing the interests of the employer in the conditions of domination of economic principles in business, as well as in the labour market, in addition establishing a balance with social goals in terms of achieving goals of the sustainable development agenda.

Divorces among the Christian population in the Bulgarian lands in the 19th century

Author(s): Daniela Angelova / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2014

The focus of this article is a topic that is insufficiently studied in Bulgaria: divorces among the Christians in the 19th century. Information on it is available in the Codes of the Tarnovo and Plovdiv Metropolia and the Protocol Book of the Haskovo Bulgarian Church Community. The canonical rules of the Orthodox Church concerning marriage and its dissolution are presented, as well as the prescriptions of the common law and their registering in the sources. The focus of interest for the researcher is the dynamics of divorces in Tarnovo Metropolis in the period 1847-1878 and the clarification of the reasons thereto is subject to more in-depth studies.

Egy emlékkönyv tanulságai

Author(s): Márton Szilágyi / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 80/2020

Koloh Gábor – Papp Viktor – Tőtős Áron (szerk.): „Eloszta bőkezűen; és termő fa gyanánt”. Tanulmányok Kövér György születésnapjára. RODOSZ Bihar–Varadinum Script, Nagyvárad, 2019. 337 oldal.

ELEMENTE DE LIMBAJ SEXIST ÎN LIMBILE ROMÂNĂ, ENGLEZĂ ȘI SPANIOLĂ – STUDIU CONTRASTIV

Author(s): Raluca Ghenţulescu,Florina-Cristina Herling / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 2/2019

Due to an unfortunate past, in which women, as well as people of different origins were regarded as inferior beings by the majority of the male population, in many languages, both Latin and Germanic, there are a lot of idiomatic expressions with negative connotations about these “minorities”. The Other – seen as any person belonging to another gender, race, nationality or sexual orientation – is perceived as strange, wicked or misfit. This negative attitude towards women is usually reflected at the lexical level, in the idioms used in the conversations with or about them. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to provide a contrastive study in three languages – Romanian, English and Spanish – of the expressions with sexist connotations, in order to identify the similarities and the differences between them and to get a clear picture of what lies beneath them, at the level of collective mentalities in various societies.

Essential aspects of psychological work with third countries’citizens in the Special Center for Temporary Accommodation of Foreigners – Sofia

Author(s): Katya Stefanova,Silvia Stoyanova / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2016

The current report presents the practical experience of the psychologists working with illegal foreigners in Bulgaria in the Special Center for Temporary Accommodation of Foreigners /SCTAF/-Sofia. It is focused on the analysis of the specific needs and characteristics of the target group; basic psychological methods and specific techniques of work in the Special center. At the SCTAF are accommodated third countries’ citizens with imposing coercive administrative measures, for whom there are obstacles for immediate deportation or expulsion from Bulgaria. In this kind of institutions there is tension and negative mood among residents. The reasons for these obstacles are the actual situation of limited movement of people inside the center, the different ethnic group of foreigners forced to live together and the vast cultural differences among them. Sometimes the accommodation is prolonged and the centers are overpopulated, especially in the current situation. Foreigners feel uncertainty about their future life prospects. They are frequently experiencing negative emotions, fantasies and fears. The sense of distrust and suspicion grows and that makes them ready to react defensively and aggressively. In the centers often occur crises situations and riots. That is why the job of the psychologist is dynamic and prevention oriented. Face to face contact with both foreigners and staff is important to be continuous. Psychological support in SCTAF most often takes the form of individual counseling. It is crucial that the consultant is genuine and empathic. He needs to percept the client as an individual with its own cultural and ethnic characteristics. The process of psychological support is oriented towards finding a personal identity and meaning for the client. According to the feedback we judge that even short-term counseling has a positive effect if the client has felt attention, understanding and concern about his case.

EUROPE IN THE LATE MODERN SOCIAL ACCELERATION. THE ‘SPOKESPEOPLE’ OF EUROPEAN STUDIES

Author(s): Zoltán Grünhut / Language(s): English / Issue: 33/2020

The paper embraces the concepts of social acceleration and Late Modernity into a multi-theoretical argument. It sheds light on the reflexive and critical shifts, both at individual and institutional-structural level, induced by these processes. Through this lens, the proposed argument revisits the principal fundaments of ‘Europe’; those orienting and underpinning foundations that need to move from the ‘either/or’ framings to the ‘both/and’ logics of pan-relationalism, anti-representationalism, and anti-essentialism. Finally, in the last chapter, the paper (re-)theorizes the role of ‘spokespeople’ in the field of European Studies in order to show how academics/scholars can contribute the most to the reflexive and critical actorness of ‘Europe’ as a multi-layered institutional entity and its European citizens.The paper embraces the concepts of social acceleration and Late Modernity into a multi-theoretical argument. It sheds light on the reflexive and critical shifts, both at individual and institutional-structural level, induced by these processes. Through this lens, the proposed argument revisits the principal fundaments of ‘Europe’; those orienting and underpinning foundations that need to move from the ‘either/or’ framings to the ‘both/and’ logics of pan-relationalism, anti-representationalism, and anti-essentialism. Finally, in the last chapter, the paper (re-)theorizes the role of ‘spokespeople’ in the field of European Studies in order to show how academics/scholars can contribute the most to the reflexive and critical actorness of ‘Europe’ as a multi-layered institutional entity and its European citizens.

EVOLUTIONARY POSSIBILITIES OF DEMOCRATIZATION AND ATAVISTIC NATIONALISM: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF UNRECOGNIZED STATES

Author(s): Hilmi Ulas / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2021

The question of how rising atavistic nationalism will affect democracies worldwide is an essential one of our time. In this paper, I focus instead on conducting a comparative historical analysis of atavistic nationalism in two unrecognized states: North Cyprus and Taiwan. I argue that the democratic crisis of our times is, in its essence, economic and has been precipitated by the failure of democracies to build domestic capacities to support democratic values. Furthermore, I posit that engaging populaces at the local political level will prove essential to preserving democracies around the world. I conclude by underlining that atavistic nationalism is indeed a significant threat to regional and global peace and requires further co-operation on trade and governance, and should be engaged at the local level. Lastly, I suggest that co-creating local cultures that will act to soften atavistic nationalism, which feeds off the perception of threats and fear.

Experience in the Pedagogical Reflection on Family

Author(s): Leszek Waga / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2020

The purpose of this article is to outline the application of the concept of experience in the pedagogical reflection on the family, and to indicate the need for a multidimensional and integrated understanding of this concept.The article first presents the ways of understanding the concept of experience in the pedagogical reflection on the family. Then, it presents the role of the experiences acquired within the family as the basis for the formation of further experiences by children. Further on, the article discusses the relationship between sensory experiences and experiences in the context of family life. This is followed by an analysis of a special kind of experience—experiencing the value of oneself and its references to the development of the child within the family. The last section discusses the role of the subjective aspect of the child’s experiences within the family, i.e. the importance of the family environment as a place of the formation and acquisition of experiences.

FOREWORD

Author(s): / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2014

Frequency of Multiple Births in Bulgaria

Author(s): Marta Sugareva / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2017

The focus of study in this paper is the dynamics of multiple births in Bulgaria. The trends of these births are examined in several sub-periods, since 1881 (the earliest date when reliable statistics are available) until the present. Four sub-periods are revealed: 1) before 1910 – period of increase of the share of multiple births up to 1,5 per 1000 births; 2) 1920-1951 (the share is around 1 per 1000); 3) since 1951 to the beginning of the XXI century (below 1 per 1000); after 2005 – a strong trend of increase of the share of multiple births up to 1,7 per 1000).

Grandparental Role in Romanian Transnational Families

Author(s): Mihaela Hărăguş,Ionuț Földes / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2020

Based on a survey of Romanian older parents (aged 60+ years) with migrant adult children, we investigate how grandchild care is provided in a transnational context. We acknowledge that such downward support can be provided with copresence in a destination country, involving parents’ mobility, or in a home country, providing care to grandchildren whose parent(s) migrated. We adopt the solidarity paradigm, which guides most of the research into the parent–adult child dyad, and investigate how factors at individual, familial and societal levels influence the provision of grandchild care. Characteristics at the individual level (such as younger age and good health of the grandparent and a more stable situation of the migrant) and at the familial level (such as competing family obligations in the home country and contact between grandparents and migrant adult children) are among the most important aspects that shape the provision of grandchild care in transnational families.

'Illusory Corporatism' Ten Years Later

Author(s): David Ost / Language(s): English / Issue: 1 (3)/2011

Ten years after the publication of 'Illusory Corporatism in Eastern Europe', the author re-examines his claim that tripartite arrangements introduced in the region after 1989 served chiefly as a façade for introducing neoliberal policies undermining labour interests. He finds that tripartism still produces meagre results, and that most of what labour has gained has come from better organisation, smarter use of resources, and increased militancy, not from tripartism. While 'illusory corporatism' is sustained in Eastern Europe, it is advancing elsewhere in the world. He looks at Latin America and Asia, which resemble 1990s Eastern Europe, as governments introduce tripartism at crisis moments in order to win labour commitments to cutbacks. As for Western Europe, where many scholars have seen an advancement of corporatism because of the signing of pacts in countries where the traditional preconditions were lacking, the author argues that this corporatism is 'illusory' because pacts are made to secure labour's acceptance to the corrosion of union power and a decline in labour conditions. Standards of corporatism have been systematically ratcheted down. Many scholars see 'corporatism' wherever agreements are signed, whereas an outcome-based approach, proposed by the author in his original article, leads to a characterization of 'illusory corporatism'.

International migration in Bulgaria and selected European countries over the period 1965–2008

Author(s): Kremena Borissova-Marinova,Stanislava Nikolova / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2014

Searching solutions for the unfavourable trends in population reproduction over the last few decades is connected to the studies of international migration as more and more countries in Europe get the opportunity to use external migration as an instrument for achieving positive effects in short-term population development. The raising interest in international migration analysis in Bulgaria needs to be completed by a long-term comparative study of this topic.The basic notions concerning international migrations and used by Eurostat are presented and special attention is paid to work on harmonization of the legal acts aimed at creating of a common data base of accurate and comparable series of statistical data on migration processes. The analysis is based on two types of migration measures: direct and indirect. Dynamics of net migration, emigration and immigration flow size and structures are studied as well as the refugees’ flows and population structure by citizenship. As a group for comparison eight European countries are selected: Sweden, Germany, Denmark, Portugal, Greece, Hungary, Czech Republic and Romania. The countries are grouped according to the role of the net migration in the population reproduction over the studied period.

Karnoprawna ochrona danych medycznych

Author(s): Rafał Kubiak / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 25/2020

The paper shows the areas of criminal law protection of medical data, both in the context of respect for medical confidentiality and reliability of documents. The first part presents the crime of disclosing professional secrecy, styled in Article 266 § 1 of the Criminal Code. In this respect the circle of entities which may be the perpetrators of this act and its subject matter is discussed in more detail. The next section presents criminal law protection of medical data as sensitive personal data. Article 107, paragraph 2 of the Act on the protection of personal data has been exegesisated, indicating the field of penalization of the act sanctioned in it. The last fragment is devoted to protecting the credibility of medical records. It presents the scope of responsibility for the so-called certification of the truth (Article 271 § 1 of the Penal Code). It points out the shortcomings of this provision resulting from the use of the normative clause “other person entitled to issue a document” in the description of the act. Establishing this circumstance may be difficult both for a medical officer and for the bodies appointed to prosecute crimes. These problems result from the multiplicity of legal acts, of different rank, which may create such authorization. Therefore, it has been postulated that medical-legal regulations concerning exceptions to medical confidentiality and competence to issue documents containing medical data should be tidied up and unified.

Kinga Bączyk-Rozwadowska, Prokreacja medycznie wspomagana. Studium z dziedziny prawa, Wydawnictwo TNOiK – Dom Organizatora, Toruń 2018, ss. 807

Author(s): Ewa Bagińska / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 25/2020

Kira jako (nie)obcy. O protagoniście mangi „Death Note” Takeshi Obaty i Tsugumi Ohby

Author(s): Jarosław Dobrzycki / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 2/2020

The article analyzes the alienation of the main character of the manga series Death Note, who owns the Death Notebook referred to in the title. The said notebook allows to kill any person. Drawing upon the theses of Michel Foucault related to the rights of monarchs of bygone times to condemn individuals to death, and to ritualizing death itself, the author of the article shows Kira as a continuator of the said monarchs. The motif of death from the hands of another person is indicated as a form of revenge for harms suffered by one, based on considerations by Jean Baudrillard. The text also aims to show that comic books are not just entertainment for the masses, but can convey serious content instead.

Koncept članstva u bh. bibliotekama: od samoupravljanja k participaciji

Author(s): Emina Adilović / Language(s): Bosnian,English / Issue: 25/2020

The aim of this paper is to examine the possibilities and scope of the participatory model of BIH libraries in the period of self-governing socialism for the purpose of rethinking the way of doing business and relations with library users through a new, participatory approach. Participatory activities in pre-war BIH libraries and theoretical assumptions of participatory librarianship can serve as a starting point for considering the current model of involving library users in their capacity as its members. The results of this paper will try to show that the participatory library model always depends on certain socio-political aspects of government, starting from different methodologies and ways of cooperation, but also that certain type of understanding of participation further implies wider civic engagement or verification of the existing social situation. The importance of this analysis is in a better understanding of the two types of participatory approaches in libraries that, due to redefining relationships with users, can lead to different forms of social action and management.

List of peer reviewers for the journal Sociološki pregled/ Sociological Review in 2020

Author(s): Uroš V. Šuvaković / Language(s): English,Serbian / Issue: 4/2020

Love at the Right Time. The Recognition of Others in Franz Rosenzweig

Author(s): Olga Belmonte García / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2020

In this article we delve into the conception of love for neighbor present in The Star of Redemption. Rosenzweig’s New Thinking is in praise of life, despite pain, and by virtue of love. Becoming oneself passes through the relationship with the other. Love of neighbor is born from the recognition of the other as close and representative of all humanity. This love requires going beyond the “-isms” that separate us; it involves getting closer to the other without denying him or her (or even oneself), but recognizing them as different. But how do we know who we should love at every moment? Prayer, Rosenzweig would say, is the one that enlightens our neighbors matured for love.

MANAGERIAL STYLE, DETERMINATIONS AND RISKS

Author(s): Ştefan Vlăduţescu / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2019

This study assumes that manager style is a fundamental element of an organization's efficiency; it aims to clarify two of the defining elements of the manager style, determinations and risks. The method used is complex, qualitative-quantitative and meta-analytic. Four determinations of the manager style are highlighted: a) rapid and complete adaptation to the changes in the context in which the team/organization acts, b) correlating tasks with the quality of people, c) the need for work improvement and d) operatively performing work tasks. The six main risks that arise in the management style of the managers are a) the loss of control of the activities of the work team/organization, b) the loss of respect of the people (employees, collaborators, partners), c) lack of creativity and initiative, d) lack of attention to professional development, e) the indifference to the quality of the relationships between the members of the organization, f) the non-contradiction of routine, prejudices, stereotypes, expectation and apathy.