Introduction: Political Communication, Digital Technology and the Challenges of the "New Normal"
Introduction: Political Communication, Digital Technology and the Challenges of the "New Normal"
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Introduction: Political Communication, Digital Technology and the Challenges of the "New Normal"
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The paper deals with the phenomenon of nation branding and analyses the purpose, methods and effects of branding on the one hand, and evaluating nations as brands on the other. In doing so, the emphasis is laid on nations as tourist brands, especially the interdependence of the branding process and tourism development, that is, the role of tourist offer and promotion in the creation of a nation brand. In this context, the authors analyse four leading indices, that is, institutions that deal with evaluating and ranking nation brands – Simon Anholt’s Nation Brand Index, Country Brand Index from Future Brand, Brand Finance and Bloom Consulting in order to discover how certain nations become brands, and how this impacts their rating, that is, popularity. The authors conclude that tourist offer is only one of the segments that contribute to brand strength and that the nation brand is unsustainable in the long term if it is based only on the tourist industry without other positive economic indicators. Following current trends in tourism and tourism promotion, the authors particularly analyse the experiences from Asia, which in recent years has created the largest number of new brands in tourism and recorded continuous growth in the number of visits as well as continuous revenue growth. Croatia is considered a developing tourism brand, recognised at the European level, but still insufficiently on the global scale, whose key asset is for the most part its natural beauty.
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Collective intelligence can be interpreted as the actions of individuals that provide collective effects. In online spaces, the more user comments about a matter of discussion, the higher the potential that certain repeated points of view will be used as a story frame. This observation can be a very useful explanation for the value of user comments, reviews and the ratings in the field of public relations. Nowadays, it has become noticeable that many indecisive people who are thinking of buying a product or using a certain service rely on information left by users who already have some kind of experience with the product or service. This information has an effect on decision-making and taking action. In the case of contemporary PR, collective intelligence, facilitated through user comments/reviews, is involved in the image making process. This paper uses the idea of collective intelligence to measure restaurants’ online image, using sentiment analysis to gain insight to users’ attitudes and opinions. Image is interpreted as a short-term outcome of organizational activities that can be identified through individual attitudes and opinions in this study. The author uses sentiment analysis, the use of natural language processing applications, to examine user comments and reviews for restaurants in Dubrovnik rated as “average” on the website TripAdvisor. This paper tests the accuracy of sentiment analysis software, therefore the efficiency of automated sentiment analysis is compared to human sentiment analysis. The results indicate that sentiment analysis tools could be important instruments for the estimation of a positive, negative, or neutral sentiment and detection of organization’s online image.
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Journalists in Croatia do not enjoy formidable reputation among the public due to the beliefs that their writing is, inter alia, biased, inclined to sensationalism and manipulation, and that they lack analytical skills (see also Kanižaj and Skoko, 2010; Jokoš and Kanižaj, 2012). The aim of this research is to verify how journalistic work and journalistic profession in Croatia is perceived by corporate sector PR professionals who cooperate with them on a daily basis. Using the method of in-depth interviews conducted with eight PR professionals, the reputation of Croatian journalists has been put to the test. The research revealed that the interviewed PR professionals perceive Croatian journalists mostly as superficial and biased reporters who search for sensation rather than the truth. However, it turned out that the interviewees do not percieve journalists as being envious, irresponsible or corruptible. They even demonstrated true understanding of the difficulties that journalists encounter, especially in the context of the economic crisis.
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Vesna Lamza Posavec, MJERENJE JAVNOSTI: METODOLOGIJSKI I ANALITIČKI PRISTUPI ISTRAŽIVANJU JAVNOGA MNIJENJA, Institut društvenih znanosti Ivo Pilar, Zagreb, 2015., 337 str. ISBN 978-953-7964-12-2 Viktorija Car, Lejla Turčilo i Marijana Matović (ur.), MEDIJSKA PISMENOST – PREDUVJET ZA ODGOVORNE MEDIJE, Fakultet političkih nauka Univerziteta u Sarajevu, Sarajevo, 2015., 146 str. ISBN 978-9958-598-63-0 Ekaterina Balabanova, THE MEDIA AND HUMAN RIGHTS: THE COSMOPOLITAN PROMISE Routledge, London, New York, 2015, 210 pp ISBN 10: 041562312X, ISBN 13: 9780415623124. Viktorija Car (ur.), MI I ONI KROZ MEDIJSKE NAOČALE Kuća ljudskih prava Zagreb, Kuća ljudskih prava i demokratije Beograd, PRAVA ZA SVE, Zagreb – Beograd – Sarajevo, 2015., 128 str. ISBN 978-953-57446-2-7 Brankica Petković (ur.) Urednik hrvatskog izdanja Saša Leković, prijevod s engleskog Vesna Arsovski, ZNAČAJ MEDIJSKOG INTEGRITETA: VRAĆANJE MEDIJA I NOVINARSTVA U SLUŽBU JAVNOSTI – HRVATSKA (ALBANIJA, BOSNA I HERCEGOVINA, MAKEDONIJA, SRBIJA) Centar za istraživačko novinarstvo CIN – IJC, Zagreb, 2014., 143 str. ISBN 978-953-58258-0-7 Riitta Brusila, Ann-Kristin Juntti-Henriksson and Hannu Vanhanen (eds), INTEGRATED MEDIA IN CHANGE Lapland University Press, Rovaniemi 2015, 220 pp. ISBN 978-952-310-984-1 Hallvard Moe and Hilde Van den Bulck (eds), TELETEXT IN EUROPE. FROM THE ANALOG TO THE DIGITAL ERA NORDICOM, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, 2016, 249 pp ISBN 978-91-87957-20-8
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Oblast odnosa s javnošću u ogromnom je porastu širom Evrope. Profesionalci koji rade u sektorima i agencijama za odnose s javnošću očekuju da u 2008 godini budžet za ovu oblast poraste 14% i da se otvori mnogo novih radnih mesta. Međutim, okvir upravljanja komuniciranjem menja se rapidno. Dominantna polja prakse i relevantni instrumenti koji se koriste u kontaktu sa stejkholderima biće redefinisanu u narednih nekoliko godina. Ljudi iz prakse upitani su da identifikuju nove tendencije i da se pozabave problemima i izazovima koji utiču na njihove dnevne zadatke u informacionom društvu.
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It has become common place to suggest that the concept and institutions of public service broadcasting (PSB) are being fundamentally challenged by new technologies, new politics and new economics. Out of these challenges, in a kind of noble optimism, has emerged the idea that PSB can be reimagined as public service media, the worth of which can be made measurable and therefore ‘accountable.’ This article suggests that not only is this likely misplaced, it also masks the fact that what is actually in play is a historically defined struggle over the values that will constitute modernity.
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The article critically evaluates whether there is a (mis)match between ideas on audience involvement in public service media (PSM) theory and the translation thereof in public broadcasters’ policy and strategy documents. The literature section theoretically frames this discussion, first, discussing five objectives of PSM and audience involvement. Subsequently, it studies how the BBC (UK), France Télévisions (France), VRT (Flanders), and NPO (the Netherlands) have to (policy) and intend to (strategy) involve their audiences. These cases have been selected with an eye on including both better-funded (BBC, FTV) and smaller public broadcasters (VRT, NPO), as well as different media systems. For the analysis, the method of goal-means tree analysis is adopted, a type of qualitative document analysis that can be deployed to uncover goal-means relationships in policy and strategy texts. The main argument is that, rather than a mismatch, some of the questionable, normative assumptions made in theories concerning audience involvement and PSM are also present in the PSM policy and strategy texts.
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In a country with few channels occupying the terrestrial space – all of which are owned bythe public broadcaster – what is the rationale behind the expensive and mandatory transition to digital terrestrial television? This paper undertakes a hard look at the incorporation of this transition in the wider moves towards digitalization by Doordarshan, India’s public broadcaster. Drawing on approaches in institutionalism that aid unraveling why certain interests get prioritized over others, the paper unmasks the official reasoning justifying the digital switchover in India. The paper infers that the marginal sections of society, for whom Doordarshan is the sole affordable TV outlet, will be the most challenged by this mandatory transition. Moreover, the move to terrestrial digital broadcasting is not guided by public interest values like enhancing diverse content, which could be the key mechanism for Doordarshan to regain the viewership it has lost to private satellite channels.
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This article addresses the need for new models of public service media. First, the article looks at the core factors, or borders, that frame the quest for new models: the digitalization, deinstitutionalization, and globalization of communication. It then outlines some suggested models for public service. Finally, the models are assessed in terms of how they respond to some core challenges for public service media as a concept and as an institution.
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RIPE is an international network of scholars and practitioners who are committed to the development of public service in media. The acronym stands for Re-Visionary Interpretations of the Public Enterprise in media. As with most developmental initiatives it was conceived as an instrumental solution to a set of practical problems.
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The study discusses changes in the relationship between local journalists and local politicians in the Czech Republic as a consequence of the professionalization of political communications at national as well as local levels following the so-called Velvet Revolution of 1989. This phenomenon has been studied widely in Western democracies but is relatively new in the Czech Republic. Politicians’ improved communication skills and the employment of communication professionals in politics influence trust – a key component in the relationship – between politicians and journalists. The article is based on semi-structured interviews with 10 journalists and 11 politicians from different Czech localities, which aim to explore how these actors understand and maintain levels of mutual trust. First we describe key components of trust and explain why in the era of professionalized political communication trust is perceived as more threatened than in the 1990s and we conclude by exploring the three most important threats to trust as identified by our interviewees.
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This article seeks to compile an empirically-based understanding of the role of media in countries in transition. The study focuses on the processes of political socialization, behaviour and accountability, and gives examples from three regions: Central and Eastern Europe, Latin America, and the Middle East/North Africa region. We draw on some of the major works relevant to the study of mass media in these transitional contexts with the aim of discerning emergent theories available to the study of media and democratisation. While aware of the limitations posed by the nature and scope of the sample of the studies reviewed, we do identify and discuss some of the potentially key obstacles to theory-building and propose some alternative paths of enquiry.
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This paper investigates the media coverage of science in the Croatian daily press, using dana from a content analysis that applies quantitative analysis to articles published during 2012 (N=238). Our sample consists of 4 main dailies, Jutarnji list, Večernji list, Slobodna Dalmacija and Novi list. The prime interest is in the trends concerning media coverage on science regarding criteria and news selection procedures, as well as trends in using sources of information. The analysis shows a latent, but permanent interest in science in the Croatian daily press. Science is presented in different sections, including sections on politics and those sections related to entertainment and lifestyle. The coverage primarily focuses on international, and to a lesser extent, scientific projects related to Croatian science. Reports on science are mostly presented in news or reports, mainly pages that are not very prominent. Our analysis shows that articles about science in 2012 were mostly affirmative, shifting the focus of the Croatian daily press from medical and biomedicine sciences to the humanities and social sciences, which were covered to a fuller extent. On the other hand, the media’s interest in the natural sciences increased slightly over the examined period.
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The emergence of global production and information networks, the rise of super sized national, supranational and multinational media organisations, their impact and influence on global trends, the expansion of technology and the presence of a sophisticated information superhighway that allow for the instantaneous transfer of information all converge to make the control of the flow of information next to impossible. However, in young democracies, such as Nigeria, the power to regulate the access to information conferred on state actors has been regularly exploited as a means of denying of information to the public, freedom of the press and freedom of speech. This paper inquires into the antecedents of censorship, examines these antecedents in the light of broader historical and contemporary dynamics within the country and projects the likely implications for the entrenchment of transparency in the Public Service Media (PSM) in Nigeria via freedom of information. The research adopted the qualitative doctrinal and empirical methods of legal research.
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Pad novinskih naklada i prihoda, otpuštanje novinara, rezanje troškova i prestanak objavljivanja novina u mnogim zemljama potaknulo je rasprave o krizi novina i krizi novinarstva koje se pripisuju ekonomskim, tehnološkim i društvenim faktorima (zastarjeli poslovni modeli, okretanje publika novim medijima i novim izvorima informiranja i pad povjerenja u medije) (Siles i Boczkowski, 2012: 1378). Ovaj izvještaj prikazat će najvažnije dostupne podatke o novinskoj industriji u Hrvatskoj u periodu od 2008. do 2013.
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The first European elections, held in Croatia on 14 April 2013, were marked by the victory of the oppositional right-wing coalition, the new electoral system and an extremely low turnout. This paper examines the extent and ways the media in Croatia have covered the country’s first European elections. It builds on the discussion concerning the contribution of the reporting of the national media in EU member states and the ways it fosters the perception of the European elections as a “second-order national competition”. Analysis of the articles published in Jutarnji list, Večernji list and Novi list reveals that the patterns detected in Croatia to a great extent substantiate the findings from other EU countries, primarily in terms of the relatively low visibility of European elections in national newspapers and the dominance of domestic actors in news reports as compared to the presence of European actors. It also reveals that Croatian newspapers have completely failed in informing the citizens about the new electoral system and more importantly, about the role and the work of the European Parliament.
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This paper presents the preliminary findings of an ongoing research project focused on the importance of building learning tools and procedures that will help media professionals adjust to a constant changing environment. Adopting a mix of quantitative and qualitative methodology by conducting in depth interviews with journalists from Greece and Cyprus, and by running an online questionnaire, addressed to journalists as well as communication professionals, we try to define the role and the profile of the contemporary journalist, and how it has changed under the pressure and the potential, unleashed by new technologies and the global financial crisis. We study the development of lifelong learning programs, their impact and their results with an emphasis on distance learning. Through our research we conclude that there is a need to rethink journalism training and curricula by introducing new skills. In addition, lifelong learning in the form of distance learning seems to be a priority for most journalists in order to adjust to the current media landscape.
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A survey conducted in the spring of 2013, says that Zagreb’s high school students are not regular listeners to FM radio programs. The dominant media is the Internet, which is used a few hours a day, mostly for Facebook. Despite the expressed need for music, the linear and passive nature of FM radio, does not correspond to the individual requirements of young and networked users. The Internet is the most popular daily source for music, with ability to download, while smartphones are becoming devices for storage and playback. However, this survey has shown that students are interested in web radio sites. Changes in media preferences and habits caused by the Internet show us the importance of information literacy, as a basic skill for participation in a networked society.
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According to research conducted in 2010 and 2011 (Ciboci et. al., 2011; Vlainić, 2012) children's rights are often violated in Croatian daily newspapers. Since then, the public worked hard on the promotion and protection of children's rights, particularly in the media. The legal protection of children's privacy in the media was increased, as well. The aim of this study is to determine whether the policy of reporting on children in the two most read Croatian daily newspapers - Večernji list and Jutarnji list – has changed, in relation to the first survey conducted in 2010. This paper uses quantitative content analysis in order to determine whether daily newspapers violate children's rights less often and protect their identity in those cases where it is necessary to protect the child's well-being, We analyze all of the articles about children that were published in each edition of the two newspapers, from January 1, 2013 to June 30, 2013, 636 newspaper articles in total. The study found that the newspapers violated the rights of children in the text of the articles more often in 2010 than in 2013. The identity of children in the photographs was revealed equally in 2013 as in 2010. However, in comparison to 2010 in 2013 was recorded more frequent disclosure of the identity of children's parents in the photographs.
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