Noua legislație electorală din România: Disciplină și transparentă financiară

Author(s): Florin Grecu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 185/3/2015

The article analyzes the new electoral law voted and enacted in the spring of 2015, which reintroduced the plurinominal vote, regarding the election the senators and deputes, not by uninominal election, but by voting a party-list. On the other hand, the article analyzes the new electoral law concerning the financing of the political parties and the development of the electoral campaign. Because of the new electoral laws, the logic and the old political customs, related to the illegal financing of the political parties, will be forgotten, due to the donors’ obligation to be transparent. By the new electoral law, the Permanent Electoral Authority is the institution qualified to perform the control of the income and expenses of the parties and electoral alliances, but also on the revenues realized during the campaign, offered by creditors and donors, but transactions can only be made by bank credit transfer or payment order, thus conferring discipline and public transparence on the financing of political organizations and on the debts and loans stored by the parties.

DRŽAVA NE ZALAZI U „BALKANSKE KRČME“

Author(s): Ivan Mrđen / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 181/2014

GOVERNANCE JAKO PODEJŚCIE TEORETYCZNE – KILKA KWESTII SPORNYCH

Author(s): Agnieszka Pawłowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 03/2016

Governance is a popular theoretical approach in the social sciences. However, it in-volves a number of definitional and theoretical problems. The issue of the ambiguity of the concept and the numerous attempts to recognize the complexity of reality i

NETWORK GOVERNANCE W FIŃSKIM SAMORZĄDZIE TERYTORIALNYM: NATURALNY STAN RZECZY CZY WYZWANIE DLA LOKALNEJ DEMOKRACJI?

Author(s): Katarzyna Radzik-Maruszak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 03/2016

The main aim of the article is to present the practice of network governance concept in Finnish local government and its impact on local democracy, including the role played by elected representatives. The main hypothesis of the study implies that the idea of network governing, not only forces municipal councils to redefine their roles, but also reduces the scope of their responsibilities and limits the level of accountability. The study is based on empirical research conducted in 22 municipalities located in Pirkanmaa Region, Southern Finland in Spring 2015. The results of the research indicate that although network governance easily fits into Finnish local government, the concept brings many challenges. One of the most important challenges is the necessity to strengthen the say of elected representatives, presently perceived with regard to governing process mainly as rubber-stamp councils.

DEMOGRAFICZNE STARZENIE SIĘ POPULACJI JAKO WYZWANIE DLA SAMORZĄDU GMINNEGO – DOŚWIADCZENIA GMIN WOJEWÓDZTWA POMORSKIEGO

Author(s): Anita Richert-Kaźmierska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 03/2016

Population aging is a natural social process. Nevertheless the increase in the population of the elderly (including those of an advanced age – above 85 years old) in the last decade in Poland is unusually high. The rapid increase in the number of older people and their percent-age in the total population is associated with specific social and economic consequences. These have to be faced both by the central government as well as local authorities. In the article author concentrated on the question of the knowledge of local authorities about demo-graphic changes and perceptions of their consequences. The aim of the study was to assess the level of knowledge of local government representatives on the ageing of the local community and the interpretation of changes caused by this process. In addition, the author has identified the measures that local governments have declared to undertake to increase awareness of aging and its consequences. In the article the results of a survey conducted in July 2015 in 77 of the 119 non-metropolitan municipalities of Pomeranian province has been used.

НЕМЕЦКАЯ МОДЕЛЬ „ПАРТИЙНО-ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЙ ДЕМОКРАТИИ

Author(s): Anatoliy Klyuchkovych / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2015

In the article the critical analysis of the main aspects of the party-government interaction in the Federal Republic of Germany is carried out. There are historical, conceptual, constitutional and legal, practical and political, and others. The fundamental approaches in German state-legal and political thought about evaluation of modern parties role in German political system are considered. The influence of political parties on the formation and functioning of the state system is highlighted. The article proves that the party influence on the higher bodies of state power is much more intensive than it is provided for in the legal regulations. The thesis is also concerned with the place of parties in ensuring the cooperation between the state and society in Germany. The author notes the deformation of parties’ democracy in Germany, close connection between political parties and the state, weakening status of the political parties as public representants.

O ratu i miru

Author(s): Dimitrije Tucović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1-2/2014

Az ügynökség típusú közigazgatási szervezetek populációs dinamikája (1990–2014)

Author(s): György Hajnal,Sarolta Vida / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 3/2017

Government agencies are the weightiest components of governmental apparatuses both in size and – at least in the area of policy implementation –signifi cance. Still, research efforts at understanding and explaining the structural dynamics of agencies, the driving forces of their creation, transformation and termination have been modest, especially when it comes to broad scope empirical investigations. Earlier research on this topic established different, partly contradictory claims regarding the forces shaping the landscape of government agencies. The ambition of this study is twofold. Based on an original database covering a broad range and a long time span (1990/1995–2014) of Hungarian government agencies we, fi rstly, give a descriptive account of the dynamics of post-transition Hungary’s agency landscape. Secondly, using quantitative (time series) analysis we test two hypotheses regarding the factors shaping agencies. The fi rst one is whether (longer term) political cycles change the ”political colour” – thus the ideological frame – of governments. This factor proved to be insignifi cant. The second hypothesis relates to shortterm political cycles, including election cycles with no change in the ”political colour” of government as well as changes in cabinets. Contrary to the previous one this factor seems to be a signifi cant force driving Hungarian governments’ administrative policy on agencies.

Képviselők és képviselőnők a helyi politikai elitben

Author(s): Szilvia Mehring-Tóth / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 3/2017

The composition and the openness of the political elite is of interest both for social scientists and for the public, too. Who is part of the (current) political elite and what are the characteristics of the community? Starting from these simple questions – based on the model of the classical positional analysis of the elite or on analyses of the political elite –, our study examines a hitherto lightly explored area, the actors of local governments (local elite) and their heterogeneity in the period 1994–2014. A Big Data-type database was used in the analysis, thanks to which we can demonstrate basic statistical data and comparative analyses with reference to the completeness (n=all) of the local-regional decision-makers. Based on the results, following the modes of mandate obtainment and the different types of settlements based on the electoral system, the gender ratios and the percentage of the professional politicians rerunning for offi ce can be determined.

Compatible development solutions in the context of historical settings in Iran

Author(s): Fatemeh Mehdizadeh Saradj / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2016

This paper elaborates some prominent development solutions in the vicinity of historic buildings. These solutions differ from country to country, considering the special situation of each country, such as the number of historic monuments, the current construction quality, peoples’ interests and the benefits of historic buildings and sites. To be able to evaluate the similar states of development strategies in Iran, a questionnaire focused on citing examples of any type of intervention through PowerPoint presentation for every group of architectural professionals was framed. The results indicated that most respondents preferred to adopt the following development solutions, in Iranian context as follows: adaptive re-use of existing listed buildings, development in the immediate vicinity of monuments while considering proper separation and articulation between them, extending monuments to increase the required spaces and also exploitation of suitable infill development. Obviously, this hierarchical order could differ from one context to another. To find out if any specific method for architectural design was preferred, interviewees were asked to rank five proposed solutions for architectural design in historic context. Respondents were mostly pro harmonic design with monuments for new constructions in the core zone of monuments, while considering a proper gap between new and old.

Analysis of the polycentricity of Romanian county residences

Author(s): Antonio Tache,Sorin Daniel Manole,Monica Tache,Alexandru-Ionuţ Petrişor / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2016

In order to achieve a balanced and sustainable spatial development within the European Union, two of the basic spatial principles are: developing a balanced and polycentric urban system and promoting integrated transport and communication schemes, likely to favor the polycentric development of the EU territory. Therefore, the development of a methodology for estimating the polycentricity degree of cities becomes a topic of interest. This paper includes the presentation of such a methodology that is based on ESPON 1.1.1 program criteria, but it is original. The submitted methodology is also applied to county residences and to the Municipality of Bucharest. The methodology involves the following steps: identifying some domains characteristic to polycentricity and of some relevant indicators within such domains, the transformation of indicators’ values into scores, calculating some composite indices corresponding to the domains and the potential, which is obtained by summing these indices. The analysis of results obtained leads to certain conclusions on the formulation of some regional and national development policies.

Activitatea de cercetare din România - prezent, modalităţi de reformare şi finanţare

Author(s): Mircea-Iosif Rus / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2013

Scientific research represents today the most important lever for improving the living standard, health, culture and, in general, the wealth of a society. Therefore, this paper attempts to present the current state of the research system in Romania, as well as several proposals for reforming this system, which would, consequently, lead to a better use of research results, as well as the presentation of ways of funding for research through research programs, both national and European. We should not omit the fact that adequate funding for the research system also has a social impact, by creating new jobs, especially if the research results are implemented in industry.

Creşterea competitivităţii economice prin cercetare, inovare şi transfer tehnologic

Author(s): Sabina Gheorghe / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 3/2012

Research, development, innovation and technology transfer is the key in getting more accelerated high economic competitiveness of Romania. Regarding the financing of this sector in the context of economic crisis, the Sectoral Operational Programme “Increase of economic competitiveness” is available to institutes of research, development and innovation with “Priority Axis 2: Research, technological development and innovation for competitiveness”.

Activitatea de cercetare – tipologie şi metode de finanţare

Author(s): Mircea-Iosif Rus / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 2/2012

Survival and later on improvement of living conditions forced people to be creative, innovative, in order to properly use material resources, energy, time and work. Practical needs led to the apparition and development of scientific fields. Thus, astronomy appeared in relation to agriculture needs, arithmetic – for reasons of accountancy and exchanges, geometry – because of field measurements and constructions, mechanics – to facilitate labor process and stimulate efficiency etc. Science and technique made constant progress in time, with bigger or smaller accumulations, contributing to the advancement of human civilization.

Organizarea şi finanţarea activităţii de cercetare într-o companie transnaţională. Studiu de caz

Author(s): Henriette Szilagyi,Mircea-Iosif Rus / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2012

Globalization, defined as an international system based on: the integrationist trend, the interconnection between markets, nation-states and technologies to an unprecedented level, is founded on two key global players – international economic organizations and transnational corporations. At the beginning of XXI century, transnational companies are regarded as one of the biggest challenges for the current economic international order, because their decisions influences a large national economies. Constantly, during the last years Lafarge has been classified among "The Most Sustainable 100 Corporations in the world." Through its major research center, specialized in building materials, Lafarge places innovation on the top of its priorities, in order to ensure sustainable construction and architectural creativity.

Activitatea de cercetare – dezvoltare şi inovare în viziunea strategiei Europa 2020

Author(s): Mircea-Iosif Rus / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 4/2011

European Union has great potential for innovation. Europe has a long tradition of producing revolutionary inventions; its strength relies in its creative people, Europe can count on its cultural diversity. Here was created one of the largest single markets, where innovative products and services can be traded on a large scale.

Structurarea şi evaluarea potenţialului serviciilor publice ale unui pol de dezvoltare urbană din România

Author(s): Florin Marian Buhociu,Constantin Afanase / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 2/2011

In Romania there are currently 13 designated cities as centers of urban development HGR/17.09.2008. They should have the role of binder between the seven poles and other small and medium-sized cities to mitigate the urban system and prevent the imbalance of development trends in the region they belong. Among the six criteria which led to the establishment of the poles municipalities and urban development is the one on "public services". Our paper aims to present a structure of this criterion, starting from its expansion by taking on analysis and commercial side of their business and services as such. Thus expanding research on the structure of the public and commercial services on the grounds that, in fact, more and more sectors / public areas and is developing an important component of the necessity of optimizing of their own trading activities. From this perspective we believe is necessary for a more complete assessment according to this criterion, both the overall assessment of public services, public or private, and of the commercial, private by excellence. We also appreciate that in analyzing the economic potential of an urban development pole, but also that of a pole of growth, public and commercial services have a majority in ensuring the conditions for living standards and from here a major European city to be given structuring and proper evaluation of these services. For an proper evaluation of the structure and public services and commercial potential of an urban development pole from Romania we have proposed that they be structured as follows: community public services; commercial public services: state, private (classified by NACE codes). In this way it can make the direct evaluation of the potential of these services but also, very important, forms of financing them. It was completed a case study for the city of Galati for which they were made several maps that include synthetic situation on the surface location of major public services. Spatial arrangement of public services may overlap the Galati area for which it made an map dividing the districts, including the specifying the number of inhabitants in each district that could be the beneficiaries of these services. Based on this information we can calculate specific indicators, quantitative and qualitative, of the public services of an urban development pole. Levels of these indicators can be compared with corresponding levels of the same indicators for an urban growth pole, thereby enabling decisions to be taken to determine near optimum levels of development of the two types of cities from Romania.

NEGOCIERE ÎN STIL SOVIETIC

Author(s): Milică Simion / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 26/2016

The post-factum analysis of the tsars’ period (Russian emperors), during Russia’s imperial period, the Soviet period and even Russia’s post-Soviet period reveals that the Russians tried and developed their own style of negotiating, namely power negotiation, called by Herb Cohen, author of “You can negotiate anything” – Soviet-style negotiation. The term is brought to the attention of the public opinion for the first time in connection with Soviet leaders, but power negotiation is used today by many more states, individuals, groups and entities.

Metropolises in the Global Governance: Towards a 21st Century Neo-Medievalism?

Author(s): Mădălina Virginia Antonescu / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

The XXIst century order represents, in our opinion, a dynamic order, having a complex nature, defined by state actors and especially, by decisions and actions of the non-state actors. The present paper premise is to explore, apart from these features, the multi-level governance of this XXIst century order as post-westphalian order, where multiple sovereignties are shaped, due to the existence of multiple levels of governance. The academics are using, as to define this process, the ”neo-medievalist” term, to illustrate the diffuse, interconnected authorities and multiple levels of political decision, and also, the rising of non-state actors on the global framework. We consider that, among these global actors, there can be taken into account also, the metropolises and megalopolises, which, at present, from the perspective of the contemporary international law, haven’t acquired the quality of being subjects of international law, as the states. Nevertheless, in a global order, based on a global normative regime regarding the non-state actors (in this case, the megalopolises and metropolises), and also, from the perspective of a global law, these actors are receiving the quality of subjects of global law, allowing them to assume responsibility before regional and international jurisdictional instances.

Conceptual Referendum- Socio-Legal Aspects And Social Consequences

Author(s): Iulian Apostu / Language(s): English Issue: 1-2/2018

The culture in which the individual is born and socialized will always impress upon him. Analyzing the surface of social polemics about the "danger" of LGBT marriage, heterosexuality seems to be the main landmark of marital cohabitation, and minority alternatives seem to be a form of symbolic aggression that most feel sympathetic to accepting. Also, looking from the perspective of family protection actions through this ample national action, the referendum becomes more of an action to protect a simple concept of marriage than to protect the marital conjugal space, around which all fears about marriage are being developed (with all the "risks" of being "veiled" by same-sex couples claims). However, the legal modification of marriage only between man and woman does not protect conjugality from the "danger" of legalizing homosexual marital unions, nor from marriage-like rights such as adoption.The study aims to analyze comparatively international laws on consensual union and marriage, insisting on socio-legal resources that express rights similar to marriage in the European space.