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Klasni rat i nakon njega

Author(s): Ernesto Laclau / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1-2/2015

Od početka stoljeća, četiri su ključna pojma oblikovala način na koji je zapad na europska ljevica shvaćala svijet. Otprilike početkom 1900ih, društveni i politički događaji bili su shvaćeni kao dio neumoljive propasti kapitalističkoga sistema i neizbježnoga kretanja prema socijalizmu. Tijekom 1930ih, ta je vizija bila uklopljena u perspektivu koja je opreku između demokracije i fašizma vidjela kao temeljnu političku podjelu.

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Jezik u zamkama tranzicije

Author(s): Rastko Močnik / Language(s): English,Serbian Issue: 0/1994

One should expect the reflection about the interplay of social and linguistic changes to touch upon quite fundamental questions. Still, if we do not want to bet blindly on the chances of the paralogic known from old pioneers- accounts and from detective stories, where false hypotheses lead to true discoveries, we should keep in mind how insidious any kind of not avowed "evidence" may be.

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Dekart u zemlji čuda

Author(s): Branka Arsić / Language(s): English,Serbian Issue: 0/1994

If he lived in a state constituted according to Descartes' principles; in a state established by Cartesisus himself, illuminated by natural light; or at least in a state established by a ruler enlightened by Cartesisus' reasonable, clear and distinct, completely certain insights, that is, by the distinct truths about the best state of them all; the "subject" of this state would, in fact, live - more precisely, he would have to conduct himself in his "worldly action" (of course, i f he wants to be "good" subject of that state) - exclusively according to Descartes' "provisional moral code" (which is concurrently, as we shall try to suggest, his theory of state and law).

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Pax Europeana. O prikladnoj upotrebi nacionalizma

Author(s): Gérard Raulet / Language(s): French,Serbian Issue: 0/1994

Alain Finkelkraut affirme dans Comment peut-on etre Croate? que le terme de "guerre civile" applique a la guerre des Republiques de V ex-Yugoslavie "est particulierement scandaleux". Selon lui, "ce n est pas une guerre civile puisqu'elle oppose des nations"

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Zygmunt Bauman – socjologia – lewica

Author(s): Mirosław Chałubiński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2021

The author attempts to analyse Zygmunt Bauman’s ideological and political assumptions affecting his sociological and social journalistic writing. The most interesting is the process of ideological evolution of this outstanding sociologist starting with his accession to Marxism and communism then passing through the stage of late socialdemocracy and finally reaching postmodernism – this evolution is visible in his many papers dealing with the crisis of the contemporary civilization. Bauman focuses his attention on criticising the outcomes of neo-liberal politics in modern capitalist countries and on forecasts of what can happen in the future. It can be stated that at the end of his scholar and journalistic activities Zygmunt Bauman represented a moderate optimism, but his main concern was the future of the world.

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Либералният реформизъм на Джон Стюарт Мил и новата концепция за свободата, собствеността и управлението

Author(s): Nikolay Alexandrov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2022

The article is devoted to a key moment in the history of British liberalism, when, under the influence of the Industrial Revolution, the need arose for a revision of the classical liberal doctrine developed in the Enlightenment. Thus, on the border between classical and social liberalism stands the figure of the British philosopher and economist John Stuart Mill, who attempts to update the basic tenets of liberal ideology. Taking into account the socio-economic reality of his time, Mill set out to revise the foundations of liberal ideology, rethinking in modern times the problems of freedom, property and governance, expanding their perimeter in favor of the masses. As a harbinger of social liberalism, John Stuart Mill argues that the state must take care not only of order and tranquility, but also of the social security of its citizens. Mill's concept of individualism and collectivism in the context of freedom and the right to self-determination is also detailed here.

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Разширяването на НАТО – Украйна като катализатор за осъществяването му

Author(s): Ani Dimitrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2022

The North Atlantic Alliance's cooperation with Ukraine allows the Treaty to redefine the basic principles on which it exists and operates. This paper traces the dynamics of NATO's relations with the former Soviet republic, covering the relations since their emergence after the collapse of the USSR. The main method used is content analysis, reviewing numerous documents that address both the original objectives that were set with NATO's founding as well as the organization's transition and its adaptation to contemporary challenges. This paper highlights the importance of Ukraine in the expansion of NATO as a community of values – a community that continues to grow and encompasses not only Eastern Europe. Since Russia's military invasion of Ukraine, the Pact has been deepening its cooperation with Ukraine while at the same time expanding to include the northern European states of Sweden and Finland, the message of the Alliance being that it is precisely due to the cooperation with Ukraine that NATO is ready to develop its potential for expansion including in its borders even the successor states of the Soviet Union. Through its relationship with Ukraine, NATO is also proving to be the most effective and robust link between Europe and North America, which share common interests and values in developing their political and strategic positions. The conclusion drawn is that despite the requests and the increased cooperation, a conservative forecast should be made regarding the possibility of Ukraine joining the North Atlantic Alliance as a full member.

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Социална среда, обществени нагласи и политически процес: българският контекст

Author(s): Svetlana Alexandrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2022

The article is an attempt to address and link the issues of public opinion and political development in Bulgaria in recent decades. The research efforts are aimed at highlighting the peculiar transition from socialism through pluralism to populism, where the meaningful participation of public opinion is equal and proportional to political representation. Public opinion is predominantly formed under the pressure of media, but also political (dis)information, in conditions of prolonged crisis of trust in institutions and low efficiency of communication with them, lack of sustainable authorities, underdeveloped political and civic culture, low levels of self-confidence and the sense of having lost the ability to influence the course of public issues and the making of decisions. The formation of Bulgarian public attitudes largely depends on the impact of deficits in the public sphere, the defects of the educational system in terms of building political and civic culture, lack of critical thinking and education, and the internalization of conformist and authoritarian practices in society.

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Jakie transformacje energetyczne na rzecz trzech ekologii? Entropie, ekologie i gospodarka w antropocenie

Author(s): Anne Alombert / Language(s): Polish Issue: 44/2022

This article considers the contemporary ecological crisis a triple problem of environmental ecology, mental ecology and social ecology: while natural ecosystems are threatened by industrial infrastructures, which exploit mineral resources at the service of a globalized consumerist economy, psychic and social ecosystems are threatened by connected devices, which exploit libidinal resources at the service of attention economy and data economy. This triple ecological crisis is described in the article as a process of increasing entropy at different levels (thermodynamic, biological and informational or psycho-social levels). In order to reverse this process a double energetic transition is needed – a transition which would save and take care of energy generated from mineral resources, as well as of psychic and libidinal energy. The article relies on the works of Nicholas Georgescu-Roegen and Bernard Stiegler, who envisage this transition as a fight against the increase in entropy on the physical and environmental levels on the one hand, and on the psychic, technical and social levels on the other.

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Ergon w erze antropocenu i nowe pytanie o bogactwo

Author(s): Bernard Stiegler / Language(s): Polish Issue: 44/2022

This article endeavours to rethink wealth and the meaning of work (understood not only as ponos, but also as ergon), in the context of the Anthropocene. It is argued that only through redefining work it is possible to safely overcome the limitations of this age. As the article proves, the Anthropocene is in fact the Entropocene: an age in which the biosphere is confronted with a sudden and mass increase of entropy in each dimension of life on Earth. In order to resolve this threat, the transformation of knowledge and skills is essential. These qualities are, arguably, capable of producing negentropy, that is, the way through which human beings produce artificial organs that enhance the world in its technological (and not biological) dimension. Therefore, negentropy is discussed as an adequate alternative to the economic models that fail to respond to the dynamics of the Anthropocene/Entropocene.

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Neo-monadyzm Gabriela Tarde’a jako model ekonomii politycznej XXI wieku

Author(s): Barbara Markowska-Marczak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 29/2021

The aim of the article is to construct a certain thought experiment using Gabriel Tarde’s concept of neo-monadism to rethink the foundations of liberal oikodicy. In this article, liberal oicodicy is understood as the concept of a social order based on the idea of a rational, autonomous individual (homo-oeconomicus) operating in the conditions of economic exchange (Vogl 2015). The recapitulation of the Leibnizian concept of monadism proposed by Tarde in the light of contemporary knowledge and its application to the social world allows us to state that such a model of subjectivity is insufficient to explain many – seemingly irrational – phenomena, such as populist (mass) movements or financial speculations, characteristic of the political economy of the 21st century.

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За Емилия Минева, или за философията като стремеж към истината и като дело на живота

Author(s): Nikolay Mihaylov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 5/2022

Associate Professor Emilia Mineva was an established university teacher and historian of philosophy. Her rich body of work encompasses a study of the heritage of philosophical ideas in the 19th century with an emphasis, but not exclusively, on studies of Marxist philosophy, intellectual history of anarchism, philosophical ethics, etc. The field of her scientific interest included topics from all areas of philosophical knowledge, which she summarized as an author, editor, translator, and compiler. The article traces the professional path of prof. E. Mineva, focusing on the important moments in the content of her philosophical works, and is dedicated to the 80th anniversary of her birth.

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Dehumanizacija umjetnosti

Author(s): Karlo Opančar / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1-2/2022

Umjetnost novog doba više se ne temelji na mitu i religiji, već ih nadomješta sa estetikom koja se može jedino razumjeti kao politička konstrukcija događaja i kao znanstveno-tehnički dizajn svijeta u kojemu sada vlada pobuna spram starih vrijednosti i uspostava novih estetskih pravila.

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Managing the Policy Process: from Legitimacy to Effectiveness and Back

Author(s): Tatiana Tomova / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2022

The article assumes that the search for legitimacy (politics) and the demand for public governance efficiency and effectiveness (policies) are closely intertwined and cannot be separated either structurally or substantively. The legitimacy of policies is not simply a consequence of the legitimacy of political power, but is created by bringing stakeholders together in the process of policy making and implementing. Therefor policy needs to be managed in order to restrict unpredictability when formulating and implementing collective choices. We argue that the policy initiator should act as policy manager binding the whole process from the idea to the results.

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HIGH LIFE FİLMİNDE DİSTOPİK EVREN TASARIMI VE BİYOPOLİTİKA

Author(s): Eren YÜKSEL / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 3/2022

This study evaluates the dystopic universe patterned on biopolitical framework of Claire Denis’ movie High Life (2018). It analyses the movie by Foucault’s concepts such as power, biopolitics, discipline, surveillance and punishment. The article investigates what kind of subjectivity is produced in the ship by various discipline and punishment techniques such as imprisonment, surveillance, sexual control, and spatial arrangement on the ship, applied to a group of criminals sent to space and whose survival depends on life support units. By evaluating how discourses about science, law and politics marginalize the prisoners’ bodies within the framework of an experiment in space, the consequences of these discourses that interrupt Western modernism are discussed. In this context, it is argued that the film can be seen as an example of a critical dystopia. In addition, it is questioned whether the film, which expresses the spread of power through power relations based on a hierarchical basis, mentions any resistance against domination practices and whether it contains a utopian hope.

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VANJSKA POLITIKA AUSTRIJE U PERIODU DRUGE REPUBLIKE

Author(s): Ahmed Omerović / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 1-2/2021

The main goals and basic values on which the foreign policy of the Republic of Austria is based are: security and international peace, external independence and internal sovereignty, then political values such as human rights, plural democracy, rule of law, economic and social market economy, human dignity in whole world, material well-being and other living qualities of the population, environmental protection and preservation of Austrian identity. In legal terms, categories of neutrality are: classical neutrality in war, non-belligerence, non-alignment (neutrality), neutrality and the United Nations system, and permanent neutrality. Due to the declared permanent neutrality, Austria did not join supranational organizations such as the European Communities. However, after the end of the Cold War, Austria redefined its neutrality and reduced it to so-called “essential neutrality”. According to such an interpretation of neutrality, Austria will not join military alliances, but it will join supranational organizations, and in 1995 it became a member of the European Union.

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Към елиминиране на догматичната естетика

Author(s): Ivan Stefanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2023

The process of liberation of Bulgarian culture from the orthodox aesthetics founded on class politics began in 1956 as an integral part of the general process of destalinisation and developed thanks to the formation of another generation of researchers in the field of aesthetics and criticism. This process developed mainly along the following lines: a) a search for a new answer to the question of what the essence of art is, an emphasis on its humanistic significance and critical social role; b) a decisive move closer to the current problems of artistic creation and to the innovative artifacts of modern Western art; c) the autonomous presence of art in social life requires a fundamental rethinking of form in relation to artistic content.

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Estetyka jako teoria krytyczna. Filozofia sztuki Theodora W. Adorna

Author(s): Rafał Czekaj / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2 (20)/2022

In his article, Rafał Czekaj presents Theodor W. Adorno’s aesthetic theory as an example of critical theory in the sense given to this term by the Frankfurt School. Czekaj outlines the context of the development of Adorno’s philosophy of art, which consisted of the School representatives’ insights into and diagnoses of contemporary civilization and social structures. He also names those themes of Adorno’s philosophical work which determined the conclusions of his aesthetics, i.e., chiefly the idea of instrumental rationality presented in Dialectic of Enlightenment as well as the so-called identity thinking, both being mechanisms responsible for the oppressive state of reality.

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Gdzie są dzieci? Analiza ustaw o szkolnictwie z lat 1918—2018

Author(s): Weronika Kosmalska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2022

The article draws on the concept of Law & Literature. The aim of the research is to indicate how the formation of the image of childhood changes in three laws on education from 1918—2018: The Act of 11 March 1932 on the education system, the Act of 15 July 1961 on the development of the education and upbringing system and the Act of September 1991 on the education system. The author analyzes to what extent the child in the above-mentioned legal acts is treated in an objective manner, and to what extent in a subjective manner. Using axiolinguistics, she tries to prove that the image of childhood inscribed in each of the texts is connected with the ideological aims of the authorities and their conception of the state. This thesis is related to the various regimes that prevailed in the Polish lands in the indicated century.

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1863–1864 m. sukilimo įpaminklinimas: valstybės tapatumo paiešk

Author(s): Viktorija Rimaitė-Beržiūnienė / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 112/2022

Public monuments are becoming more and more important as creators and representatives of the state's identity not only in the academic area, but in public debates as well. The article looks at the monuments as practices of collective memory, participating in the processes of representation, formation and support of the state's identity, the analysis of which allows identifying the meanings that create the image of the state. This article analyzes the monuments dedicated to 1863-1864 Uprising in Lithuania, built during the period of restored independence of Lithuania. Resisting from the historiography of 1863-1864 Uprising and the variety of its interpretation, the aim of this analysis is to find out what meanings attributed to the Uprising are revealed by the monuments, how they contribute or do not contribute to a certain vision of the Lithuanian state identity.

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