Svjetski etos za međureligijsko i etičko učenje

Author(s): Günther Gebhardt / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 61/2015

Kad su u prosincu 2014. godine demonstracije Pegide, neprijateljski nastrojene protiv islama i stranaca, na ulice relativno iznebuha izmamile tisuće ljudi, od strane nekolicine zastupnika razboritijeg dijela društva brzo se začuo poziv da bi se to zlo moralo spriječiti već u školama a u prvom redu uz pomoć obrazovanja i odgoja. Škola je sada nesumnjivo jedna vrsta društvenog laboratorija, mikrokozmos u kojem se izazov suživota ljudi iz različitih kultura, a time često i religija, nameće posve konkretno. Taj se izazov nameće upravo ljudima koji se profesionalno trude oko miroljubivog i ljudskim vrijednostima zajamčenog suživota ljudi i koji pokušavaju stvoriti uvjete da pozitivnu i mirotvornu snagu religije možemo iskusiti i doživjeti. U kontekstu suvremenih multikulturalnih škola, on se naročito nameće onima koji predaju predmet religije, taj “mali predmet s velikim šansama”, kako sam jednoć čuo da ga naziva jedan nastavnik tijekom jednog pedagoškog seminara.

ZAŠTO BI FILOZOFI TREBALI BITI UPRAVITELJI DRŽAVE

Author(s): Ivica Musić,Mate Buntić,Mate Penava / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1/2015

When we talk about the state, the key emphasis is put on its order and whether the best order is democracy, socialism or some other form of government. People tend to forget that the persons who rule are more important than the systems in which they work. Having seen this problem, Plato offered a solution that is, according to him, ideal. Namely, he believes that the state should be governed by philosophers. Of course, word philosopher is understood in its primary meaning – it refers to the people who love wisdom, people who strive for the elevated good. The paper discusses questions of societal order and the choice of the ruler, mostly through Plato's paradigms of political philosophy. Emphasis is put on the part about a philosopher's characteristics as a ruler and the reasons why a philosopher should be a ruler. The concept philosopher in this context refers not only to the people who are professionally involved with philosophy, but to all those who in their work exibit four basic virtues: wisdom, bravery, modesty and justice. In order to avoid a one-way discussion, the paper exposes also two theories that criticize the idea about philosophers as rulers. It is Kant's and Popper's notion of this problem. Based on these confronted attitudes, we conclude that there is no real rulership without an aretheistic approach to politics.

Заслужаващият родителство гражданин: вложение и въздаване

Author(s): Ina Dimitrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 44/2/2015

The aim of this article is to illuminate and explore one core set of frames, constructed and mobilized by the respective activist organizations, around the issues of in-fertility and assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) in Bulgaria. It argues that these frames are organized predominantly around the notion of “deservedness” of parenthood or, in other words, through the present and future investments of these parents (wannabe or actual) in the common societal and national enterprise. Since they have numerous resources to invest, they are citizens, deserving parenthood. In this representation, we clearly see how the individual struggle with one biological characteristic and the suffering it brings are interpreted in an economic regime of exchange, functioning in the same time as a normative order of parenthood and citizenship.

ROLA AKTYWNOŚCI TWÓRCZEJ W PREWENCJI UTRATY SENSU ŻYCIA WŚRÓD MĘŻCZYZN ODBYWAJĄCYCH KARĘ POZBAWIENIA WOLNOŚCI

Author(s): Anetta Jaworska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2014

The paper examines the role of art (creativity) in the development of the sense of lifeof inmates. The goal of this study is to show the relationship between creative activity ofprisoners and their understanding of the meaning of life. The study was conducted on theset of natural groups: from the group of 41 men, 19 qualified for the experimental group(active creatively) and 22 qualified for the control group (uncreative activity). The twogroups did not differ in terms of age, marital status, length of sentence, education, criminalrecord, or a sense of loneliness. The results show that men undergoing imprisonment andexhibiting interest in some form of active participation in the arts were characterized bya higher level of search for the meaning of life in comparison with the prisoners having nocreative activity. The results are consistent with the other studies carried out among thesocially disadvantaged.

Naturalna technika: swarming i komunikacja międzygatunkowa

Author(s): Ekaterina Nikitina / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2015

The article is devoted to the phenomenon of swarming and its expression in modern technologies and art. The main focus of this work is a philosophical comprehension and interpretation of the performance “Mind-Controlled Cyborgroach” created by the Moscow art-group “18 Apples.” The author discusses the phenomenon of the uncanny as a manifestation of entomophobia and technophobia, and she explores the ontological questions of human and animal being and compares categories of “natural” and “human” technics. The article also focuses on the problem of the Other in the context of the basic tasks of bioethics.

КРИТИЧЕСКИЙ ПОДХОД К ПОТРЕБЛЕНИЮ

Author(s): A. Gurov,A. Tolkachev / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2014

До недавнего времени потребление рассматривалось социальными исследователями как гедонистическая деятельность или погоня за удовольствием ради удовольствия [2, 6]. В России такое значение потребления стало актуальным относительно недавно, в постсоциалистический период. С потребительским гедонизмом связыва- ется первое десятилетие 2000-х годов, называемое «жирными нулевыми», когда новая инфраструк- тура (торговые центры, кредитные карты и т.д.) и выросшие доходы создали условия и возможности для гедонистического потребления. Несмотря на то, что не все группы в российском обществе по- лучили полный доступ к таким возможностям, изменения коснулись заметной его части.

IS OHS NEGLIGENCE AND EVASION AN “ERROR OF JUDGEMENT” OR “WHITE-COLLAR CRIME”? AN INTERPRETATION OF APPAREL MANUFACTURERS IN BANGLADESH

Author(s): Muhammad Faisol Chowdhury / Language(s): English Issue: 8/2016

This paper investigates the managerial interpretation of the terms “error of judgement” and “white-collar crime” in relation to the evasion or negligence observed in administering occupational health and safety (OHS) provisions in the apparel manufacturing sector of Bangladesh. The research is qualitative in nature and follows an interpretivist paradigm. The questionnaire responses were collected from 20 mid- and top-level managers from 10 large apparel manufacturing factories located on the outskirts of Dhaka. The research reveals that all of the respondents have adequate knowledge about the relevant OHS provisions and safety protocols imposed on them by the local government and the global supply chain. They believe that the correct administration of the OHS provisions will reduce workplace accidents effectively. The research unfolds that the respondents interpret in different ways the terms "error of judgement” and “white-collar crime” in association with OHS negligence and evasion. Although empirical evidence shows that this type of negligence and evasion are considered as white-collar crime and punishable, most of the respondents in this research do not subscribe to this notion and alternatively believe that it is an “error of judgement” and therefore non-punishable.

Wizerunek rodziny i wzorce wychowawcze w programie Surowi rodzice

Author(s): Anna Golus / Language(s): Polish Issue: 02/2015

The reality show Surowi rodzice (The Strict Parents) is a Polish version of a British reality 67 series, The World’s Strictest Parents. It was aired on Polish TV (TVN) from 2012 to 2014. The concept of this show is that two rebellious teenagers are sent to live for a week with a family of strangers. Their upbringing methods have to change the teenagers’ behavior. In this show the teenagers are portrayed in very unfavorable ways, as the „beasts” responsible for their family problems. They have to be restrained by so -called discipline, but in actuality, by a forceful suppression, even violence and denial of basic human rights. The image of „strict parents” (which have always been heterosexual Ómarried couples) is created in a quite different way. They are Óidealized and portrayed as the perfect people with exceptional Óparenting skills. Such image of teenagers contrasted strongly with an image of „strict parents” together with parenting style promoted in this show strengthen the Óstereotype of a patriarchal family, which is the source of domestic violence and where the last word always belongs to an adult (especially the father) and the only role of the children is to be obedient to his commands.

ПОЭТИКА ИМЕНИ В РАННЕЙ ПРОЗЕ А.П. ЧЕХОВА: ЗООЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ ОНОМАСТИКОН

Author(s): Rufiya Muslimzhanovna Imankulova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2016

A.P. Chekhov actively used animalistic surnames and zoonominations in his early works, thereby attributing appropriate psychological and moral qualities to his characters. As a rule, they allow to achieve the comic effect, on which the writer’s artistic world is based, as well as reveal his personal attitude to the character. A.P. Chekhov’s characters are not only given surnames, which are semantically associated with animals, birds, insects (Loshadinykh, Perepelkin, Chervyakov, etc.). The author also invents bright nominations which are semantically related to the habits of animals (Lyagavaya-Grizlova, Khryukin, Ukusilov, etc.) and animalistic nicknames (Il’ka Sobach’i Zubki, Shchur, Sychikha). Furthermore, animal names is one of the main methods of euphemization (“dissolute pig”, “silly goose”, “donkey”, etc.). The analysis of charactonyms with the zoological code shows the connection of A.P. Chekhov’s short stories with the literary tradition of that time and enables understanding of the author’s underlying ironic message.

SOSYAL MEDYA ÜZERİNDE GÖSTERİLEN REKLAMLARIN AHLAK KAVRAMI AÇISINDAN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA

Author(s): Öznur Gökkaya,Bariş Demir,Zafer Cesur,Salih Memiş / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 32/2016

With the developing marketing understanding, the advertisements have become one of the necessary communication tools today. The advertisements are offered to increase sales and encourage positive attitudes and behaviors of target audience in favor of the businesses, brands and products. In addition, some principles should be considered when designing advertisements. It is inevitable that especially a wrong message to be given in the advertisement for brand or product or a commercial campaign that will contradict with the moral understanding of the society would affect negatively the trust of consumers in brands and businesses. In this study, we aimed to determine how advertisements shown in the social media platforms, which are gradually developing, are perceived by consumers in terms of the concept of morality. For that purpose, the data were gathered from the students attending to Sakarya and Giresun Universities and they were analyzed by SPSS statistical software. According to the study, it was found that female students compared to male students, students attending to formal education compared to evening education and students of Giresun University compared to the students of Sakarya University were more sensitive to some concepts included to the measurement of advertisement ethics.

Krytyka kapitalizmu i liberalnej demokracji z perspektywy współczesnego buddyzmu

Author(s): Tomasz Krawczyk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2015

Von Marburg nach Pittsburgh-2: Anschauung in der Struktur der Erfahrung

Author(s): Maja Soboleva / Language(s): German Issue: 35/2016

The paper focuses on the problem of constitution of our cognitive experience. Two approaches to this problem proposed by Ernst Cassirer and John McDowell are central for the analysis. Both authors use Immanuel Kant’s theory of cognition as a foundation for their own conceptions und they develop their independent interpretations of it according to the traditions they belong to. Although McDowell’s interpretation emerged within analytical philosophy, we can see similarity with Cassirer’s theory. Comparative studies of these theories will point out the convergences and divergences between them.

От култа към разума и знанието към робството на страстта и чувствата

Author(s): Vladimir Ignatov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2017

The Norwegian Perspective on von Wright’s Theory of Environmental Hysteria

Author(s): Silviya Serafimova / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2017

This paper analyzes the theory of provocative pessimism, as displayed by the Finnish philosopher Georg Henrik von Wright, which concerns, among many other issues, the justification of what he defines as environmental hysteria. By exploring the genealogy of the ‘tragic contradiction’ between knowledge and acting in von Wright’s sense, I outline how some of the problems regarding the negative consequences of sustainable development find their similar interpretation in the works of some of the most prominent Norwegian philosophers and environmental activists such as Hartvig Sætra, Arne Næss, Sigmund Kvaløy and Gunnar Skirbekk. Regarding the impact of sustainable development on environmental politics, some concerns about the need of improving quality of life, as represented by von Wright, Kvaløy and Skirbekk are explored. Last but not least, I investigate how von Wright, Sætra, Næss, Kvaløy and Skirbekk find the roots of (provocative) pessimism in the increasing challenges to our human condition

Документалното кино като поле на взаимното проникване на индивидуалните светове

Author(s): Irina Kitova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2017

A film idea and its realization are creating a potential field of relationships and interactions in which there are two worlds, the world of the cinema and the world of the individual experience, and every film is a reality.  An objective reality in documentary movies is reconstructed in a film reality and meets individual worlds of authors, characters and viewers through the ability of each person (including any spectator) to understand himself/herself, others and the world.This is an opportunity to see the world through the eyes of others, but also we turn our attention inward. The documentary approach implies much stronger impression of authenticity of the worlds, characters, stories, also feels strongly about the truth in the concrete form of the image and evaluates the artistic message as an existential standard.

Geopolitical position of Poland - from time of partitions to the independence

Author(s): Jowita Brudnicka - Żółtaniecka / Language(s): English Issue: 23/2016

To understand contemporary geopolitics, especially Polish geopolitics you have to refer to the history. Polish geopolitical philosophy has flourished in a crucial period in the history of the country - the To understand contemporary geopolitics, especially Polish geopolitics you have to refer to the history. Polish geopolitical philosophy has flourished in a crucial period in the history of the country - the time of the fall of the First Republic and partitions. Sketch of Polish geopolitics is well composed into the broader plan of European thought. This is not just a simpple analitycal exercise. Article contains the suggestion, that the events, experiences and geopolitical configurations may exhibit amazing repeatability.

Лишаването от свобода в границите и отвъд границите на съзнанието

Author(s): Emil Angelov Madzharov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2017

This theoretical study presents conceptual views on the psychological mechanisms through which the regime, the social-educational work and the prison subculture influence on the mental functioning of prisoners.The penitentiary institution provides constructive and destructive transformations of the conscious layers into unconscious ones, as well as the reverse process.

Uloga individualiteta u kontekstu dijaloga moderne

Author(s): Đuldina Kurtović / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 3/2016

Philosophical thinking and understanding of individuality and its role in the context of the crisis of modernity is necessary so we could objectively and critically perceive the picture of modernity, but also to perceive its crisis. Many philosophers, among which is impossible not to mention philosophical thought of Hegel and Kierkegaard, were thinking about self return, the importance of individuality and the birth of subjective freedom. Both of them agreed in the case of turning point in the history of human spirit, the turning point which was marked as the path of self return. That turning point they saw in Sokrates, and it was decisive for the birth of consciousness of freedom. Although Hegel and Kierkegaard differed in many ways, this turning point was place where two of them had met and agreed. On this fundament where self –determined and self-consciousness individual is established, it is possible to expect overcoming the crisis of modernity. This overcoming requires special kind of dialogue that will be full of tolerance and mutual respect.

Логическият анализ на езика: Бъртранд Ръсел (1896 – 1911)

Author(s): Kamen Lozev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

The paper surveys the key moments and the most important philosophical positions defended by Russell on the issues of analysis during the years 1896 – 1911. The dramatic changes of his thinking and attitudes are illustrated with emblematic paradoxes and difficulties on his way from Absolute idealism through Platonic realism to Logical realism. Considerable emphasis is put on Russell’s celebrated On Denoting, 1905, as a classical example of employment of logical resources to the analysis of language to eliminate putative denoting phrases which denote nothing.

A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE ROMANIAN GULAG AND THE PRISON LITERATURE OF FORMER INMATES INCARCERATED IN AIUD PRISON

Author(s): Adriana Maria Călugăr (Cutean) / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 40/2025

In the article A brief history of the romanian Gulag and the prison literature of former inmates incarcerated in Aiud Prison, I provided a definition of the Gulag from Ruxandra Cesereanu's perspective, inspired by The Gulag Archipelago by Alexandr Soljenițîn, highlighting the shift of this term from a bureaucratic terminology to a symbolic one. The memories of detention possess a high degree of authenticity, and all the writings depicting the hell experienced in communist prisons, along with all the books belonging to the Romanian Gulag, have created a shock among readers. Numerous books have been written on this subject - essays, journals, prison memoirs, recollections, volumes of poetry, prose, novels, and studies. I emphasized that after the 1989 Revolution, fiction and literature were increasingly replaced by numerous memoirs, journals, autobiographical volumes, and that prison literature began to attract public interest and achieve real success. The testimonies of those who lived through the carceral experience bring forward journals and memoirs that facilitate our imaginary journey to understand the experiences endured by prisoners in communist dungeons. This type of memorialistic writing addresses a closed universe, aims to avoid fictionalization, holds testamentary value, and serves a therapeutic function, as through writing and confession, former detainees seek healing. The testimonies about the carceral experience are written in different styles, with each inmate presenting their experience through the lens of their own subjectivity. This study examines how the carceral imaginary is reflected in the works of writers imprisoned in the Aiud dungeon, as a result of the experiences lived within a space dictated by ideological, political, social, or cultural constraints.