Ambivalentnost estetičkog
The review of: Nebojša Grubor, Lepo, nadahnuće i umetnost podražavanja. Studije o Platonovoj estetici, Plato, Beograd, 2012.
More...We kindly inform you that, as long as the subject affiliation of our 300.000+ articles is in progress, you might get unsufficient or no results on your third level or second level search. In this case, please broaden your search criteria.
The review of: Nebojša Grubor, Lepo, nadahnuće i umetnost podražavanja. Studije o Platonovoj estetici, Plato, Beograd, 2012.
More...
In opposition to the founder of phenomenology Edmund Husserl, who claimed that Plato’s thinking should be recognized as paradigmatic for the all-encompassing rationality and genuine social ethics, Levinas identifies in Plato’s ontology the fatal suspension of authentic humanity. Interpretation of the antic ontologist by Levinas culminated in insight that Husserl, similar to the majority of interpretative approaches to Plato after Hegel, overlooked a pagan origin of the constitution of ontology. If we accept that the concept of being was deeply platonized, as Levinas’ teacher in philosophy Rosenzweig claimed, does it mean that the true ontology could be made possible only after we break with the pagan heritage? The core of Levinas’ critique is built on indications that rationality of ontology consists in the transcendence of the self for the sake of identity with the eternal forms, which stabilizes both the thoughts and the thinkers. From this perspective, Plato appears as the thinker whose ontology is nothing else but the constitution of the cyclical thinking. The second part of the article discusses the limits of Levinas’ critique, keeping in mind his idea regarding the possibilities of the reconciliation of »Athens« with »Jerusalem«.
More...
Philosophy of nature, as a theological system of knowledge on what φύσις is, was developed within Plato’s Timaeus. It starts with ontology that paves the way towards mathematical cosmology and cosmogony, then to physics and zoogony, anatomy and empirical psychology, noetics, or logic of mind, which is demonstrated trough the work of mind and necessity, from being and becoming, creating of cosmos, planets, matter and living beings, to rational soul that understands that the soul of the world makes cosmos a living being. Therefore, Timaeus and Parmenides were the actual philosophycal inspiration of the arguments on the origin and nature of elementary particles in modern theories of quantum physics.
More...
Autor’s main intention is contained in an attempt to show that the main source of problemacy of coherent understanding of the idea of art in Plato’s philosophy lies in interpretators resistance to deduce this idea from the entity of Plato’s philosophy – since the idea of art is primarely ontological, and derivately aestethical, educational and cultural phaenomenon. The paper contains an explication of distinction between the modern perception of the idea of art (which alows the elevation of particular area of mimetic poetry to the level of the idea of art) and Ancient Greek’s idea of art, which is understood as the „highest form of spirit“ in Hegel’s philosophy. It is the overlook of that distinction that lead to the modern understanding which inadequately cosiders Plato’s critic of poetry as Plato’s attempt to „forbid“ or „dispossess“ the art out of the polis. The autor’s intetion is – reviving the Plato’s thought – to show that this kind of attempt in context of Ancient Greece is not only arbitrary, but also impossible, because the context of Ancient Greece epoch isn’t and couldn’t be anything else than – art!
More...
This essay is an attempt to examine the relationship between art and education in Plato’s philosophy considering the perspective of aesthetics. The first part is dedicated to inquiry of several key concepts, which determine our understanding of this relationship: concepts of art, poetry and τέχνη. The second part of essay more closely reveals Plato’s arguments against poetry and visual arts by connecting the arguments from the second, the third and the tenth chapter of Politeia with arguments from his other dialogues, which should reveal the educational function of art and its limits. Finally, relying on these classic arguments, author is offering some possible perspectives for their further understanding and development, emphasizing the implicite considering of specifically aesthetic aspect of art.
More...
In the following paper I will consider the question how the idea of axiomatization could be realized in the field of philosophical thinking. For that purpose I proceed from the so far singular attempt to develop consequently an axiomatic theory of philosophizing: from Eberhard Rogge’s Axiomatik alles möglichen Philosophierens (1950). At first a short sketch of Rogge’s self-reliant axiomatic approach will be given where the focus of the attention will be on the implications which this approach has for the philosophy of language. After Rogge has directed his axiomatic theory of philosophizing to the „rhetorical logic“, the next task of the paper consists in showing (or at least indicating) what sense this kind of logic could have within the philosophy. A reconstruction of this logic is very difficult because Rogge’s considerations about this matter are fragmentary. It is possible that the evaluation of his rare reflections on the concept of rhetorical logic leads to a genuine metaphilosophical theory of argumentation. Finally, proceeding from the succinctly described conception of Eberhard Rogge I will discuss the question whether an adequate structural determination of philosophizing can succeed by means of axiomatization.
More...
The concept of conscience is among those rare ones which Heidegger takes in the sense close to that which they have traditionally. The conceptual net, which establishes the concept of conscience, belongs within the realm of practical philosophy (guilt, choice, decision etc.), although Heidegger explicitly rejects ethical approach towards the conscience in favor of ontological. This article tends to present difficulties of that approach which, after all, disables the mediation of the vulgar and existential interpretation of conscience.
More...
Most of the historians of philosophy know about the correspondence between Elizabeth and Descartes only due to the problem which princess had suggested to philosopher, regarding the relation of body and soul. Not that many people, however, know that their letters also concerned manifold of subjects: those of geometry, physics and medicine, as much as ethical and political questions. Undoubtedly, their correspondence testifies about origination and alteration of some of the Descartes‘ philosophical thoughts, but by far it reveals how educated and talented his correspondent was, and we can only regret because woman of such profile, besides these letters, did not leave a philosophical work.
More...
The paper addresses a problem regarding the nature of philosophy. How are we to think about the variety of philosophies and the disagreement among philosophers which goes along with it? After stating the problem and looking at an organic and teleological approach to solving it, a Wittgensteinian dissolution is sketched.
More...
Theory of evolution is by far the most important theory in biology. Evolution’s integral role in science is well known – it is the milestone of modern biology. Dobzhansky’s famous dictum that “nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution“ is even more true today than it was half a century ago. The concepts and principles of evolution are fundamental in many fi elds in the biological science. Evolutionary explanations pervade all fields of biology and bring them together under one theoretical umbrella. A general knowledge of evolutionary mechanisms of biochemical adaptation is essential. Evolutionary biology has had implications to a new century of medicine; agriculture, biotechnology, and even law. Some of the most promising areas for the future use of evolutionary biology lie in drug development and the biotechnology industry. Thus, evolution, especially microevolution, has been fundamental to certain social imoprovements of this century, and it promises to be profoundly important to biomedical technology. There are many applications of evolutionary theory: from treatment of human disease, to forensics and software engineering. Finally, understanding the evolutionary history helps us conserve endangered species.
More...
The present article outlines the main points of Heidegger’s philosophical program developed during the first lectures of Freiburg. This program is founded in two fundamental questions. On the one hand, a thematic question: the phenomenon of life and its different forms of manifestation and apprehension, which brings the Young Heidegger to an ontologically interesting interpretation of Aristotle, Paul, Augustine, Eckhart, Luther, and Schleiermacher. On the other hand, an eminently methodological question, namely the question of how it is possible to access in a properly way to the primary sphere of life, which guides him to a first and deep questioning of Husserl`s reflexive phenomenology.
More...
Starting from the Luhmmann’s concept of semantics and following Edmund Husserl and Alfred Schütz, the author elaborates distinctiveness of typics and typicizing. The typics are the fundamental structures of experience which are being processed parallelly and analogously, unlike the sequential linguistic processing. On that ground, the problem of linguistic forming, i.e. explication of the implicit is being explored.
More...
The author attempts to identify Heidegger’s starting point in philosophy. The paper shows why Heidegger had to turn to Aristotle in his understanding of phronesis. Th e insights he gained served to develop a phenomenology of life as a pretheoretical starting point from which the theoretical can ultimately take direction. He thus arrived at a “hermeneutics of facticity” that attempts to offer a propositional description of life through his own living motion.
More...
The review of: Milan Kangrga, Klasični njemački idealizam, Filozofski fakultet, Zagreb, 2008.
More...
Die Leitfrage dieser Untersuchung lautet: wie sollte man Heideggers Philosophie verstehen? Und die Antwort lautet: Heideggers Philosophie sollte man als eine hermeneutische Phänomenologie bzw. hermeneutisch-phänomenologische Ontologie verstanden werden. In diesem Text wollte ich nur einige elementaren Grundzügen dieser These zeigen.
More...
This paper explores Martin Heidegger’s critique of previous approaches to history, his differentiation of history as object of inquiry and temporal enactment, and his attempt in the late 1930’s to engage the past and rethink history from an inherently futural—and not merely subjectively or objectively grounded—decision and “enowning event” (Ereignis). Works of history are neither simply factual nor socially constructed for Heidegger but exhibit a hermeneutical or communicative event of disclosure—via understanding, interpretation, and appropriation—and concealment in relation to the facticity and possibilities of historical existence.
More...
Der Autor analysiert das Verhältnis zwischen der traditionellen Philosophie und dem neuen Denken. Heideggers Philosophie steht im Zentrum der Analyse. Anhand Sein und Zeit war Heidegger an der Spitze der Phänomenologischen Bewegung gerückt. Heidegger suchte das Schicksal des eigenen Denkens zu begreifen. Otto Pöggeler schreibt davon: “Kann ein Denker, der noch auf dem Wege ist, den Weg noch sucht, von seinem Wege schon sprechen? Muss dieses Sprechen ihn nicht ablenken von der einzigen Aufgabe: sich ganz dem zu Denkenden zuzuwenden?” Heidegger fragt: ist das Dasein oder die Wahrheit des Seins der Grund der Metaphysik? Er dachte das Seinsverständnis als den Grund des Menschseins. Diesen Grund Heidegger dachte als abgründig und nahm in sofern als Ausgang für die Ergründung des Seins. Das Sein ist in seiner Wahrheit “Grund”, aber doch ein Grund als “Abgrund”. Der Grund als Abgrund ist zugleich “Ungrund”. Gerade da liegt die Möglichkeit und die Notwendigkeit des neuen Denkens.
More...
The review of: Haim GORDON, Rivca GORDON, Heidegger on truth and myth. A rejection of postmodernism, Collection “Phenomenology and literature”, Peter Lang, New York, 2006
More...
In this article the author investigates the perplexed set of meanings of the concept of praxis in Marx. Departing from the relation between Hegel’s concept of spirit (Geist) and Marx’s concept of activity (Praxis), the author first of all considers the genesis of praxis from Phenomenology of Spirit and Science of Logic, as well as the concepts of self-production, labor and perverted praxis (alienation). In the second part, through the figures of „witness“ and „actor“, the relation between theory and practice is reflected through the idea of realization of philosophy. The author argues that this is, primarily, a process of simoultanious subjectivation and objectification – a specific continuity within discontinuity, because of which the important role of theory can not be neglected. Differentiating between various stages of praxis, the author emphasizes that the crucial category of dialectics is not necessity but possibility, exposed through the inner relation between human potentiality and potential humanity.
More...
In this paper the author analyses Aristotle’s and Marx’s explanations of the basic parameters of atomistic physics, particularly Democritus’ specific theory of atoms and void. Actually, different historical and spiritual views of the two philosophers also determine their differentiated attitudes towards major segments of atomism. When Aristotle’s insights are concerned, it can be concluded that on the one hand necessity and eternity of the motion of atoms, as well as the emancipation of Leucippus and Democritus from animistic and teleological interpretations characteristic for some of their predecessors, would make looking for the efficient and final cause in their learning unnecessary, but, on the other hand, their mentioning of atoms and void, especially of the dual and mixed nature of atoms, enables the Stagirites to look at the doctrine of the atomists from a perspective of his own material as well as the formal cause. In his thesis Marx, then, by comparing Democritus and Epicurus, destroys the common opinion that there is no essential difference between the physics of the two philosophers, and at the same time emphasizes what they have in common and that the principles, atoms and void, are undoubtedly the same. The author, finally, is on the standpoint that Marx’s dissertation is crucial for studying the philosophy of nature of the two thinkers, especially the part on Epicureans, primarily because it elaborately presents the major results of investigation of complex issues, and, secondly because it seriously and scientifically discloses the relation between Democritus and Epicurus, as well as the uniqueness and originality of the latter philosopher.
More...